江西乐安居隆庵铀矿床热液蚀变地球化学特征

<正>相山火山岩型铀矿田位于赣杭构造带西南段。区域上受北东向遂川深断裂与北北东向宜黄—安远深断裂交汇控制,在中生代出现大规模的中—酸性火山喷发和岩浆浅层侵入活动,形成一个大型火山塌陷盆地——相山盆地。盆地整体分为三层结构:基底主要为中元古代的浅变质岩,部分为下石炭统、上三叠统;基底之上为上侏罗统火山岩;盆地北西侧火山岩之上有上白垩统红层覆盖。在中生代,该区处于NEE向赣杭构造火山岩带西南端与近NS向赣中南花岗岩带的交接地带,发生了强烈的构造—岩浆—成矿活动,并     

新生代以来南海北部部分盆地岩浆活动特征

<正>南海北部位于欧亚板块、印度—澳大利亚板块和太平洋板块的交接部位,是地球表面构造-岩浆非常活跃的地区。1地质概况南海北部陆缘地区,白垩纪以来以拉伸盆地的形成和火山喷发、基性岩脉(岩墙)侵位为标志的伸展张裂作用非常强烈。在岩浆活动方面,白垩纪—古近纪时既有喷出也有侵入;新近纪以来,中酸性岩浆活动消失,取而代之的是大量基性超基性岩浆的喷溢(玄武岩),或沿断裂贯入(基性岩脉);而晚新生代以火山喷     

印度-欧亚侧向碰撞带构造-岩浆演化的动力学背景与过程——以藏东三江地区构造演化为例

对于印度与欧亚板块的侧向碰撞带,即藏东三江地区的新生代构造分析揭示出三种不同性质的构造样式,它们形成于不同的地质时期,发育于不同的地壳层次：（1）区域规模至露头尺度上发育的具有薄皮属性的逆冲断层与推覆构造,它们广泛分布于三江地区,尤其是兰坪-思茅盆地内;（2）以红河-哀牢山断裂、澜沧江和怒江-高黎贡山断裂等为代表的区域高温型走滑韧性剪切带构造和局部发育的脆性走滑断裂构造,后者在中新生代盆地内部断裂更为发育;（3）遍布全区发育的变质核杂岩构造与地堑-半地堑盆地.区域岩浆活动性与区域构造事件的发生具有密切的时空联系.区域性递进收缩事件与走滑事件发生于碰撞过程的早期阶段,并随后伴随着早期具有岩石圈板块俯冲性质的碰撞弧高钾岩浆活动,而后期的递进伸展事件诱发了板内伸展环境中的晚期高钾岩浆活动.二者之间的碱性岩浆活动间歇期,对应着区域构造体制的转变与区域伸展作用的发生,变质核杂岩的发育与微弱的钙碱性岩浆活动是其最直接的表现.区域古地磁资料分析表明,印度-欧亚板块之间的板块相互作用、区域板块与地块的旋转以及由此所致的不同构造环境制约着各种地质事件的发生与发展.北向运动的印度板块的旋转致使三江地块在新生代演化中发生了两次规模与特点不一的地块旋转过程,即早期的大角度快速旋转和晚期的小角度慢速旋转事件.它们分别对应于早期的递进收缩变形、走滑事件和具有碰撞弧属性的碱性岩浆活动与中期的区域伸展、变质核杂岩的发育与微弱的钙碱性岩浆活动性,以及后期的递进伸展作用和晚期陆内碱性岩浆活动性.     

辽南变质核杂岩饮马湾山和赵房岩体锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

辽南变质核杂岩形成于晚中生代华北岩石圈伸展和减薄背景下,其演化过程分为三个阶段：第一阶段（约130Ma）,在伸展作用下辽南地区发育拆离断层及其下伏韧性剪切带;第二阶段（130~120Ma）,同构造花岗质岩体的主动侵位影响了拆离断层的演化;同时在124Ma变质核杂岩的构造-岩浆活动达到峰值;第三阶段（113Ma之后）花岗质岩体在较浅层次侵位于停止活动的拆离断层带。辽南变质核杂岩发育与演化过程在年代学意义上揭示了华北板块晚中生代时期的区域性岩石圈伸展与减薄过程。本文认为由伸展后期侵位的赵房岩体所记录的拆离断层停止的时限（113Ma）可以作为华北岩石圈强烈构造岩浆活动的转捩点,113Ma之前华北板块广泛发育变质核杂岩、拉分盆地等一系列伸展构造,之后则以平稳的隆升和冷却过程为主。     

酸性,中酸性岩区火山构造洼地岩相—构造—成矿（找矿）模式

酸性、中酸性岩区火山构造洼地中火山－侵入岩浆活动广泛、强烈，因而在纵向上形成了一套巨厚的以酸性火山岩为主体，夹有火山喷沉积夹层的多旋回、多岩相组合的高钾钙碱性火山－侵入杂岩系，从定位的性质与深度可分为两个基本相带：以火山喷发为主的岩相划为地表管近地表相带；以次火山－浅成侵入为主的岩相划为近地表和火山根部相带。     

乌奴格吐山斑岩钼铜矿床含矿杂岩、蚀变特征及其与成矿的关系

乌奴格吐山矿床位于我国额尔古纳斑岩铜矿成矿带南段,与北段的斑岩铜钼矿床同属于世界古亚洲斑岩铜矿带的东延部分. 该矿床产于得尔布干深断裂带西侧,额尔古纳复背斜札赉诺尔拗陷中的局部隆起区.区域内海西期和燕山期岩浆活动均较强烈.海西期以大规模的酸性岩浆侵入为主;燕山期以大面积的中-酸性陆相火山喷发为主,伴有小规模酸一中酸性岩类侵入.两期岩浆活动均受得尔布干深断裂及其旁侧次级断裂控制,并都伴有铜、钼多金属矿化发育,构成本区北东向构造-岩浆杂岩成矿带.     

布敦花铜矿床蚀变交代岩特征及其找矿意义

布敦花铜矿床产于大兴安岭中段，中生代断隆与火山喷发断陷盆地过渡带靠近断隆一侧．东临嫩江深大断裂。铜矿床的形成与多期构造活动及中酸性杂岩体侵入活动密切相关。矿区内产生的典型蚀变岩分带特征及其分布特点，是该区寻找隐伏铜矿、进行区域矿产预测的重要标志。     

安远北部碛肚山S型火山─侵入杂岩的演化及铍铅锌矿床地质特征

债肚山Ｓ型火山─侵入杂岩及其有关矿产，位于武夷山南段高位构造─岩浆─稀有、有色金属成矿带。该成矿带受石城─寻邬断裂制约；火山─侵入杂岩直接受黄地火山盆地控制，该盆地曾发生多次喷发─侵入活动，伴随形成独具特色的锡、银、铜、铍、铅、锌矿床。     

安远北部碛肚山S型火山——侵入杂岩的演化及铍铅锌矿床地质特征

碛肚山Ｓ型火山－侵入杂岩及其有关矿产，位于武夷山南段高位构造－岩浆－稀有、有色金属成矿带。该成矿带受石城－寻邬断裂制约；火山－侵入杂岩直接受黄地火山盆地控制，该盆地曾发生多次喷发－侵入活动，伴随形成独具特色的锡，银，铜，铍，铅，锌矿床。     

吉林延边东部J_2－K_1火山－侵入杂岩岩浆的生成与演化

位于古生代东西向构造岩浆带和中、新生代北东向构造岩浆带交汇处的延边地区，在中侏罗－早白垩世期间生成两套中－高钾钙碱性火山－侵入杂岩。中侏罗世（１８０－１７０Ｍａ），该区受Ｆａｒａｌｌｏｎ板块俯冲作用影响，在（２４—２７）×１０８Ｐａ，１０７８—１２３０℃和８０—９０ｋｍ深处，由地幔岩两阶段熔融产生玄武安山质岩浆，经分异演化生成一套低稀土元素且分异作用良好的火山岩系．晚侏罗世（１６０—１４５Ｍａ）期间，Ｆａｒａｌｌｏｎ板块向北东方向横推致使该地区缺乏岩浆活动。早白垩世（１４０—１３０Ｍａ）期间Ｉｚａｎａｇｉ板块向欧亚大陆低角度俯冲，该区在２５．５－２８．５）×１０８Ｐａ，１１１７—１１３８℃和８５—９５ｋｍ处生成玄武安山质岩浆，经分界演化形成一套高稀土分异作用较差的火山岩系。     

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987112001259

The eastern Pontides orogenic belt provides a window into continental arc magmatism in the Alpine-Himalayan belt.The late Mesozoic-Cenozoic geodynamic evolution of this belt remains controversial.Here we focus on the nature of the transition from the adakitic to non-adakitic magmatism in the Kale area of Gumushane region in NE Turkey where this transition is best preserved.The adakitic lithologies comprise porphyries and hyaloclastites.The porphyries are represented by biotite-rich andesites,hornblende-rich andesite and dacite.The hayaloclastites represent the final stage of adakitic activity and they were generated by eruption/intrusion of adakitic andesitic magma into soft carbonate mud.The non-adakitic lithologies include basaltic-andesitic volcanic and associated pyroclastic rocks. Both rock groups are cutting by basaltic dikes representing the final stage of the Cenozoic magmatism in the study area.We report zircon U-Pb ages of 48.71±0.74 Ma for the adakitic rocks,and 44.68±0.84 Ma for the non-adakitic type,suggesting that there is no significant time gap during the transition from adakitic to non-adakitic magmatism.We evaluate the origin,magma processes and tectonic setting of the magmatism in the southern part of the eastern Pontides orogenic belt.Our results have important bearing on the late Mesozoic-Cenozoic geodynamic evolution of the eastern Mediterranean region.     

塔里木盆地早-中二叠世岩浆作用过程及地球动力学意义

通过对塔里木盆地早-中二叠世基性岩类的做量元素、稀土元素和沉积特征的分析．提出了盆地早-中二叠世基性岩类的物质来源和岩浆作用的深部地质过程认勾基性岩浆来自于均一的富集地幔．并经历了较强的分异作用。深部岩浆向地表上升迁移过程中,导致了上部岩石圈的快速隆升．并造成塔里木盆地的区域性抬升和海水向西退出．并进入陆相碎屑岩沉积阶段。当隆升的作用力超过了岩石圈的扰曲强度时,岩石圈发生破裂,导致了塔里木盆地大规模的岩浆作用塔里木盆地早-中二叠世的岩浆作用与古特提斯洋的演化密切相关,并与吐哈盆地、红柳河地区、北山地区、扬子板块西缘地区的二叠纪岩浆作用共同构成了古特提斯北缘一次强烈岩浆作用事件。     

青藏高原新生代两类超钾质岩石的成因——实验岩石学和地球化学约束

青藏高原分布有羌塘—囊谦—滇西和冈底斯两条新生代钾质-超钾质火山岩带。羌塘—囊谦—滇西超钾质岩浆活动的峰值时间为40～30Ma,主体岩石具有Ⅰ型超钾质岩的高MgO和低CaO、Al2O3含量特征;30～24Ma期间羌塘中、西部出现Ⅲ型钾质-超钾质岩浆活动,主体岩石以贫SiO2、高CaO、Al2O3和低MgO/CaO为特征。冈底斯新生代超钾质火山岩也显示I型超钾质岩的高MgO和低CaO、Al2O3含量特征,其形成时间为25～12Ma。综合超钾质岩石的实验资料,可知区内I型超钾质岩的源区以富硅、富钾流(熔)体交代形成的金云母方辉橄榄岩为主;Ⅲ型钾质-超钾质岩浆源区则以斜辉橄榄岩地幔为主。囊谦—滇西Ⅰ型超钾质岩带空间上严格受红河走滑构造带所控制,40～28Ma出现I型超钾质岩浆活动,16Ma转变为OIB型钾质火山岩。岩浆源区从岩石圈地幔向软流圈演变,暗示大型走滑断裂引起的岩石圈地幔减薄和软流圈上涌是导致交代岩石圈地幔金云母分解熔融产生区内I型超钾质岩浆的主控因素。羌塘中部35～34Ma有软流圈来源为主的钠质碱性玄武岩岩浆的喷发,30～24Ma转变为以岩石圈地幔为主要来源的Ⅲ型钾质-超钾质岩浆活动,岩浆源区从软流圈向岩石圈迁移,指示软流圈上涌伴随的富CO2流(熔)体活动是导致古交代岩石圈地幔升温熔融产生Ⅲ型钾质-超钾质岩浆的主控因素,软流圈上涌可能是俯冲板片断离或岩石圈地幔拆沉作用的结果。     

Strontium isotopic compositions of Mesozoic granitic rocks in the Hida belt, central Japan: diversities of magma sources and of processes of magma evolution in a continental margin area

The Sr isotopic compositions of Late Triassic to Early Jurassic Funatsu granitic rocks in the Hida belt, Japan, were determined and variations of the compositions within single intrusions and on a regional scale were compared with previously reported data.

Relatively low and constant (or narrow range of) initial ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios of granitic rocks within an intrusion (0.7044-0.7055) are found mostly in the outer part of the belt, while intrusions with high and wide ranges of initial ratios (0.7056-0.7105) are situated in the inner part. This difference in initial ratios within an intrusion is due to the different degrees of mixing between the parental mafic magma from the lower crust or upper mantle and the middle to upper crustal (or crust-derived) materials. On a regional scale, a smooth and regular increase of the ratios from 0.7044 to 0.7057, from outer to inner part, is outlined by the lowest ratio in each intrusion and this almost coincides with a trend given by the ratios of mafic rocks (or mafic enclaves) in the intrusion. This suggests a gradual change of source materials in the lower crust or upper mantle. The degree of crustal contributions to the parental magma, lesser in the outer part and larger in the inner part of the Hida belt, shows close relationships to some geophysical factors, such as the emplacement depth and uplift rate of mafic magma from deeper levels and stress state (extensional or compressional) in the middle to upper crustal levels. These factors are probably due to the plate tectonic configuration in the continental margin area where the Hida belt was included.     

Zircon U／Pb Dating of Cretaceous Adakitic Volcanic Rocks in the Eastern Part of North Dabie Mountains

1IntroductionMostgeologistshaveacceptedthattheQinling Dabieorogenicbeltistheproductofcontinentaldeepsubduction (Okayetal.,1993;Cong ,B .etal.,1995 ;Hackeretal.,1995 ;DongShuwenetal.,1993) .Butasthebiggest scaleUHPmetamorphicbeltintheworld ,thereactionbetweenthecrustandthemantleatthepost orogenicstageandtheexhumation ,upliftinganddenudationoftheorogenicbeltarethecomplexdynamicprocesses .ItwasreportedpreviouslythatsomeCretaceousvolcanicrocksexistinthemiddleoftheDabieMountains (GuanYuncaiet…     

新疆西部巴楚地区晋宁期的洋岛火山岩

塔里木盆地中部有一条近东西向的重磁高异常带,火成岩露头仅见于西部的巴楚地区。采集25件晋宁期火山岩样品进行研究,地球化学特征表明岩石形成的大地构造背景为洋岛,且可清楚地区分出洋岛碱性玄武岩(亚速尔型洋岛)和洋岛拉斑玄武岩(夏威夷型洋岛),两者反映了洋盆发育的不同阶段。一件晋宁期超基性岩样品显示出岛弧岩浆岩的性质,与塔里木中部地区的闪长岩和花岗闪长岩应同为晋宁期岛弧的记录。它们可能指示一条横贯塔里木盆地中部的晋宁期古缝合线,原称的塔里木板块(克拉通)是由两个原先分隔的地块在晋宁运动时碰撞拼合而形成的,并成为罗迪尼亚超大陆的一部分。该古缝合线在震旦纪-中生代构造活动性较强,尤其是二叠纪-三叠纪的构造-岩浆事件规模较大。据此讨论了晋宁期构造-岩浆活动在认识基底形成、区域演化和油气勘探中的意义。     

湘南两江口火山岩的时代及其与西山岩体的成因联系

两江口酸性火山岩和西山花岗岩体的地球化学特征相似，物质来源与成因相同。从火山岩至西山岩体早、中、晚次单元花岗岩有明显的演化趋势，它们具有同时代、同源岩浆喷发→超浅成→浅成→中深侵入连续过程产物的特点。根据火山岩内沉积夹层所产古生物及孢粉组合和西山岩体已获对应性好的同位素年龄值推论，两江口酸性火山岩与西山花岗岩体的形成时代为中侏罗世中期至晚期初。     

Interplay of tectonics and neogene post-collisional magmatism in the intracarpathian region

Distribution of the Neogene calc-alkaline magmatism of the Carpathian arc is directly related in space and time to the kinematics of the two major terranes of the Intracarpathian area (Alcapa, Tisia-Getia) along the south-eastern border of the European plate. In the West Carpathians and adjacent areas, the volcanic activity occurred between 20–11 Ma, with large volumes of both acidic and intermediate rocks, generally distributed randomly, sometimes transversally to the orogenic belt and as rare small occurrences along the Flysch belt. In the East Carpathians, the volcanic rocks are distributed along the northern margin of the Zemplin block, the north–easternmost part of the Alcapa and eastward along the front of the Getic block, at the contact with European plate. Between Tokaj-Slanské-Vihorlat up to northern Cãlimani Mountains, the magmatism occurred between 14–9 Ma, and along the Cãlimani-Harghita chain between 9–0.2 Ma. The calc-alkaline magmatic rocks of the Apuseni Mountains are located in the interior of the Tisia block and occurred between 14–9 Ma. The generation of the calc-alkaline magmatism is considered here as the result of complex interplay between plate roll-back and lithospheric detachment tectonic processes and the break-off of the subducted plate, mostly in a post-collisional setting. (1) The magmatites of the Western Carpathians and the Pannonian basin were generated in direct relation to subduction roll-back processes, over the downgoing slab, during the period of lateral extrusion and back-arc extension. In this area, characterized by maximum crustal shortening, we can infer further delamination processes to explain the generation of magmas. (2) The magmatic rocks from the northern sector of the East Carpathians (Tokaj-Slanské-Vihorlat up to the Northern Cãlimani Mountains), resulted after subduction roll-back processes and an almost simultaneous break-off of the descending plate all along the arc segment during main clockwise rotation of the Intracarpathian terranes. (3) In the eastern sector of the East Carpathians (Cãlimani up to Harghita Mountains), the magmatic rocks were generated through partial melting of the subducted slab followed by gradual break-off of the subducted plate along strike (north to south). (4) The Apuseni Mts. magmatic activity resulted in transtensional tectonic regime by decompressional melting of lithospheric mantle, during the translation and rotation of Tisia-Getia block.     

浙江大桥坞铀矿床火山岩锆石形态学与年代学研究

大桥坞铀矿床位于赣杭构造带东段,其赋矿围岩为一套流纹质火山-侵入杂岩。目前对该套杂岩成岩时序的认识仍有争议,且缺少精确的年代学数据。因此,本文对大桥坞铀矿床火山岩及花岗质角砾开展锆石形态学和年代学的研究,以厘定本区的火山喷发旋回。扫描电镜形貌研究结果表明,黄尖组火山岩中锆石晶型主要为S24、S25、P3、P4和P5五种。晶型频率统计显示黄尖组上、下段火山岩岩浆性质不同,分别为碱性和亚碱性到碱性。锆石U-Pb定年结果显示两者成岩时代也不同,分别为128 Ma和133~135 Ma。以上特征表明黄尖组上、下段火山碎屑岩是不同期次、不同来源岩浆喷发的产物。火山碎屑岩中花岗质角砾的成岩时代为138 Ma,代表了大桥坞地区最早的岩浆作用,暗示该地区可能存在花岗质侵入岩基底。综合年代学、岩性特征以及钻孔资料,本区岩浆作用可分为如下阶段:(1)花岗质侵入岩基底形成(138 Ma);(2)早期火山作用(136 Ma),形成劳村组红色砾岩和火山沉积岩;(3)强烈火山喷发期,第一阶段(135~133 Ma)形成黄尖组下段巨厚层熔结凝灰岩。第二阶段(128 Ma)形成黄尖组上段灰白、灰绿色沉凝灰岩和含砾晶屑凝灰岩;(4)脉岩侵入阶段(128~125 Ma),形成花岗斑岩脉和辉绿岩脉;(5)晚期火山作用(123 Ma),形成寿昌组页岩、细砂岩、沉凝灰岩和晶屑凝灰岩。赣杭构造带长英质火山岩主要形成于早白垩世,且东段火山作用明显强于西段。赣杭构造带东段的火山岩型铀矿床赋矿层位较西段年轻,时代主要集中在135~127 Ma。     

滇西地区深部构造特征及其对成岩-成矿的控制作用

滇西地区地处扬子板块与印度板块之间特殊地带,是西南三江复合造山带的重要组成部分。地球物理资料揭示该区深构造特征复杂:地壳呈相对稳定的三层结构,其内部存在不规则低速透镜体;莫霍面自北而南呈近东西向阶梯式逐渐抬升,形态上隆坳相间;壳-幔界面存在明显的壳-幔过渡带,软流层地幔具有多层次隆起现象。深浅部构造呈现明显的立交桥式多层架结构。深部构造与区域成岩成矿关系密切:空间上,岩体与成矿的集中区分布体现出受由幔坡带所推断的深大断构造所控制,并与壳内低速体和壳-幔混合带存在垂向上的对应关系。岩浆岩岩石组合、岩石学和地球化学特征反映岩浆形成于壳-幔混合带物质的部分熔融,而地幔流体上涌是激发壳-幔混合带发生部分熔融的重要因素。研究认为,滇西地区燕山晚期-喜马拉雅期所处的特殊构造部位及经历的区域构造动力体制时空转换是形成深部特殊地质结构的动力学条件,并是激发强烈壳-幔相互作用的重要前提。在壳幔相互作用过程中,大量地幔流体携带成矿物质经由深大断裂上升至壳-幔混合带,激发其部分熔融,形成原始岩浆;随岩浆上升和分异演化,在构造有利部位成岩成矿,由此形成区域成岩成矿的一体化特点。而软流层幔的多期次脉动式上涌则是导致成矿多期性的内在因素。