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探讨了多波束测量和三维可视化技术在海洋中的应用。多波束测量系统产生的海量探测数据,为数据可视化和数据分析技术的发展创造了机会。通过可视化技术可以在不降低原始数据质量的情况下,进行多源数据的融合显示。对DTM数据进行光照、明暗和三维处理,可以创造一种直观、易于理解的可视化效果。将反映物质属性的信息作为假彩色纹理,叠加到地形之上,在交互式分析工具的支持下,可以使三维可视化技术在海洋地质、海洋环境、海洋渔业和海洋工程中得到广泛的应用。 相似文献
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针对北斗导航卫星运行状态及北斗用户实时定位信息可视化表达的需求,设计并实现了可服务于海洋活动的天地一体北斗导航态势表达系统,系统采用态势数据获取层、处理层、表达层与应用层的4层体系结构,集态势信息接入、集成融合、可视化表达、标绘、辅助分析与推演、信息共享与发布等于一体,采用天地一体的多维信息要素的可视化场景组织方法与基于GPU的海量定位用户数据表达技术,实现了多源数据的有机融合与海量定位数据的动态表达,可为渔业管理、海事救援等海洋活动提供有效支持,具有重要应用价值。 相似文献
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本文基于国内外海洋观测网现状及其优缺点,从目标融合、技术创新、科学管理、发展趋势的角度,提出国外海洋观测网对我国海洋观测网的启示与建议。在目标融合上,建议寻求多部委、多单位的目标融合,实现海洋观测系统与观测参与者、仪器供应商、信息产品应用方、科研工作者、公众等用户之间的有效沟通;实现中央决策、海洋防灾减灾、海洋预警预报、海洋管理治理、海洋生态保护与修复、海洋科学研究、海洋公益服务等多样化需求的融合。在科学管理上,建议实现海洋观测站点与设施的分类、共享与长期维持,迎接高难区域的挑战,实现信息的整合与服务,促进国际化合作与推广。在技术创新上,建议加大海洋观测技术的创新与投入,促进传感器技术、卫星技术及其他相关观测技术的创新与发展;建议加强新仪器、新技术的试用、评价,加快新仪器的业务化使用;建议加强海洋观测系统模块化、智能化研发。未来海洋观测仪器将是低成本化、模块化、自动化和智能化的天下,海洋观测会逐步向着立体化、精细化、智能化转化。本文可为未来海洋观测网的设计与规划、管理与融合提供一定的参考,并为我国海洋观测系统的规划与发展提供借鉴。 相似文献
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多传感器信息融合技术是对各个传感器的观测数据进行综合处理的过程,是多学科、多领域的高层次共性关键技术。以多源信息融合技术为基础,对 AIS、雷达与声呐多源探测信息融合算法进行了较为深入地研究,提出适应水下安防系统的多源信息融合与报警技术的工程化应用方案,对实际应用情况做了简要总结,经验证该技术能够较好应用于水下安防系统的数据分析和分级报警中。 相似文献
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提出了将具有比声学高达几倍的数据通信速率,良好的安全性和隐蔽性的光学无线通信技术应用于海军、海洋科学研究和水下工程等领域,实现高速率的水下无线通信技术实现海量数据的信息交换.基于生物光学特性的水下光学信道模型,建立了水下光学通信系统性能分析方法.并对基于发光二极管(LED)的水下光学无线通信系统进行了仿真,其结果表明所建立的方法可以进行各种海域水质环境的模拟,便于时水下光学无线通信系统性能进行预测评估,为水下光学无线通信系统的设计方案的评估提供了依据. 相似文献
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Underwater robot positioning and navigation achieve autonomous underwater robot movement based on the premise that positioning obtains the coordinates of the relative position of the underwater robot using a sensor, and navigation yields a known location to the destination path planning. Due to the location of an underwater robot and the complex and changing environment in which it operates, it is difficult to achieve precise positioning using the traditional positioning method. This paper systematically analyzes and summarizes several typical localization and navigation methods of underwater robots, such as multisensor information fusion technology, underwater acoustic localization and navigation methods, GPS buoy, underwater vision, SLAM and coordinate localization and navigation of multiple underwater robots. Multisensory information fusion technology integrates the advantages of the above methods, enhances the system stability and robustness, overcomes the disadvantages of traditional positioning and navigation, and enables the autonomous navigation and positioning of underwater robots. Underwater acoustics enable flexible and convenient positioning, whereas GPS can achieve high-precision and high-positioning navigation information, and visual positioning effectively overcomes the problem of error accumulation. Multirobot cooperative positioning resolves the problem of positioning failure caused by the collapse of a single system and completes complex tasks that cannot be completed by a single robot, thus enhancing the stability and robustness of the system. This paper systematically describes the realization of these methods, presents an actual analysis of their respective advantages and problems, and discusses the development of the field of research prospects and application prospects. 相似文献
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信道自身的复杂性和现场级试验的高投入、高风险限制了水声通信技术的发展。针对高效率水声通信技术研究的需求,提出1种水声通信半物理仿真平台水声通信半物理仿真平台(A Hardware-in-Loop Simulation Platform for Underwater Acoustic Communication)。水声通信半物理仿真平台以可配置水声Modem为核心,包括现场测试采集系统、算法仿真评估系统、算法实现装载系统、水声波形存储播放系统。基于建立的水声通信半物理仿真平台,进行水声直接序列扩频通信系统的半物理仿真研究,结果表明水声通信半物理仿真平台可有效提高水声通信技术的研究效率。 相似文献
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Recent advances in autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) and underwater communication technology have promoted a surge of research activity within the area of signal and information processing. A new application is proposed herein for capturing and processing underwater video onboard an untethered AUV, then transmitting it to a remote platform using acoustic telemetry. Since video communication requires a considerably larger bandwidth than that provided by an underwater acoustic channel, the data must be massively compressed prior to transmission from the AUV. Past research has shown that the low contrast and low-detailed nature of underwater imagery allows for low-bit-rate coding of the data by wavelet-based image-coding algorithms. In this work, these findings have been extended to the design of a wavelet-based hybrid video encoder which employs entropy-constrained vector quantization (ECVQ) with overlapped block-based motion compensation. The ECVQ codebooks were designed from a statistical source model which describes the distribution of high subband wavelet coefficients in both intraframe and prediction error images. Results indicate that good visual quality can be achieved for very low bit-rate coding of underwater video with our algorithm 相似文献
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《Oceanic Engineering, IEEE Journal of》2005,30(3):570-587
Underwater imaging is important for scientific research and technology as well as for popular activities, yet it is plagued by poor visibility conditions. In this paper, we present a computer vision approach that removes degradation effects in underwater vision. We analyze the physical effects of visibility degradation. It is shown that the main degradation effects can be associated with partial polarization of light. Then, an algorithm is presented, which inverts the image formation process for recovering good visibility in images of scenes. The algorithm is based on a couple of images taken through a polarizer at different orientations. As a by-product, a distance map of the scene is also derived. In addition, this paper analyzes the noise sensitivity of the recovery. We successfully demonstrated our approach in experiments conducted in the sea. Great improvements of scene contrast and color correction were obtained, nearly doubling the underwater visibility range. 相似文献
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随着海洋强国战略的推进和实施,水下传感器网络广泛应用于海洋资源探测、污染监测、辅助导航和水下军事侦察等领域,具有十分重要的意义。由于水下传感器所携电池充电或更换困难,如何减小传输能耗、在传感器能量受限的情况下提升网络生存期是亟须解决的关键问题之一。据此,提出了一种动态蚁群路由算法,考虑了每次传输后的节点剩余能量,作为路径优化的条件之一,基于蚁群算法在每次传输中选择最优路径,并在每次传输完成后更新路由表,让更多的节点参与信息传输,以提高节点的利用率。仿真结果表明:动态蚁群路由算法同时兼顾了能耗平衡和最小传输能耗,大大提高了网络生存期。分析结果对水下传感器网络的路由协议设计有一定的参考意义。 相似文献