Response of antioxidant systems to copper in the gills of the clam Ruditapes decussatus

Copper (Cu) is an essential element for biological systems, however, when present in excess, is toxic. Metallothioneins can play an important role in Cu homeostasis and detoxification. Moreover, Cu can catalyse the production of toxic hydroxyl radicals that cause lipid peroxidation but defence systems in the cells can limit the oxidative damage. The present study was performed to investigate the effect of three Cu concentrations (0.5, 2.5 and 25 μg l⁻¹) on the response of antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), selenium-dependent glutathion peroxidase and total glutathion peroxidase), total proteins, metallothioneins (MT), malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations in the gills of the clam, Ruditapes decussatus. The activity of antioxidant enzymes and total proteins, MT and MDA concentrations were measured in the gills of the clams after 1, 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of Cu exposure. Results indicate that Cu only induces an imbalance in the oxygen metabolism during the first week of Cu exposure due to a decrease in mitochondrial SOD and CAT, selenium-dependent and total glutathion peroxidase activities. Cu also causes lipid peroxidation, measured by the MDA formation, that was Cu dependent. In the gills of clams exposed to 25 μg Cu/l, the excess of Cu triggers the induction of MT synthesis after 3 days of exposure.     

Effect of cadmium, copper and mercury on antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation in the gills of the hydrothermal vent mussel Bathymodiolus azoricus

Metals are known to influence lipid peroxidation and oxidative status of marine organisms. Hydrothermal vent mussels Bathymodiolus azoricus live in deep-sea environments with anomalous conditions, including high metal concentrations. Although B. azoricus are aerobic organisms they possess abundant methano and thioautotrophic symbiotic bacteria in the gills. The enzymatic defences (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), total glutathione peroxidase (Total GPx) and selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase (Se-GPx)) and lipid peroxidation were determined in the gills of B. azoricus exposed to Cd (0.9 microM), Cu (0.4 microM) and Hg (0.1 microM) with different times of exposure. The experiments were performed in pressurized containers at 9+/-1 degrees C and 85 bars. Results show that vent mussels possess antioxidant enzymatic protection in the gills. Cd and Cu had an inhibitory effect in the enzymatic defence system, contrarily to Hg. These enzymatic systems are not completely understood in the B. azoricus, since reactive oxygen species might be produced through other processes than natural redox cycling, due to hydrogen sulphide and oxygen content present. Also the symbiotic bacteria may play an important contribution in the antioxidant protection of the gills.     

Effect of cadmium, copper and mercury on antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation in the gills of the hydrothermal vent mussel Bathymodiolus azoricus

Metals are known to influence lipid peroxidation and oxidative status of marine organisms. Hydrothermal vent mussels Bathymodiolus azoricus live in deep-sea environments with anomalous conditions, including high metal concentrations. Although B. azoricus are aerobic organisms they possess abundant methano and thioautotrophic symbiotic bacteria in the gills. The enzymatic defences (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), total glutathione peroxidase (Total GPx) and selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase (Se–GPx)) and lipid peroxidation were determined in the gills of B. azoricus exposed to Cd (0.9 μM), Cu (0.4 μM) and Hg (0.1 μM) with different times of exposure. The experiments were performed in pressurized containers at 9 ± 1 °C and 85 bars.Results show that vent mussels possess antioxidant enzymatic protection in the gills. Cd and Cu had an inhibitory effect in the enzymatic defence system, contrarily to Hg. These enzymatic systems are not completely understood in the B. azoricus, since reactive oxygen species might be produced through other processes than natural redox cycling, due to hydrogen sulphide and oxygen content present. Also the symbiotic bacteria may play an important contribution in the antioxidant protection of the gills.     

腐殖酸抑制纳米银对菲律宾蛤仔鳃的氧化胁迫和遗传毒性

为了解DOM与AgNPs的相互作用及其对AgNPs毒性的影响,本文以菲律宾蛤仔为受试生物、以水环境广泛存在腐殖酸(Humic acid,HA)为代表性有机质。通过贝类体内抗氧化系统的生物标志物(过氧化氢酶(Catalase,CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(Superoxide dismutase,SOD)、金属硫蛋白(Metallothionein,MT)和丙二醛(Malondialdehyde,MDA))的响应,研究了HA对AgNPs生物效应的影响。结果表明,HA显著增加了AgNPs的稳定性,抑制了AgNPs的聚集。AgNPs(20μg·L^-1)暴露3 d后,蛤仔鳃组织中Ag的蓄积显著上升,并随着时间的延长不断升高。AgNPs暴露第3、7天,不同浓度的HA条件下,鳃组织中Ag的蓄积无显著差异,但显著地低于无HA存在的AgNPs暴露组。CAT活性和MDA含量仅在无HA存在的AgNPs暴露组出现显著升高,其余各组之间无显著差异。表征DNA损伤程度的Olive尾矩(OTM)和尾长(TL)在无HA存在的AgNPs暴露组中随时间的延长不断上升。HA显著降低了AgNPs的对鳃组织细胞的遗传毒性。结果表明,HA通过增加AgNPs在介质中的稳定性而显著地抑制了鳃组织对Ag的蓄积,从而减弱了AgNPs对鳃组织的氧化胁迫和遗传毒性。结果证明了有机质含量等环境理化条件对纳米毒性存在显著影响。     

海水酸化和磺胺甲恶唑复合暴露对大马蹄螺抗氧化酶活性和脂质过氧化的影响

为探讨海水酸化和磺胺甲恶唑环境残留对珊瑚礁区生物的影响，本文以南海珊瑚礁区关键礁栖生物大马蹄螺（Trochus niloticus） 为研究对象，探究了两种环境胁迫因素对大马蹄螺的氧化胁迫作用。分别采用两个 pH 水平 （pH 8.1、 pH 7.6） 和三个磺胺甲恶唑浓度水平 （0 ng/L、100 ng/L 和 1 000 ng/L） 单独和复合暴露 28 天，测定其对大马蹄螺鳃组织的超氧化物歧化酶 （SOD）、过氧化氢酶 （CAT） 和谷胱甘肽巯基转移酶 （GST） 活性以及谷胱甘肽 （GSH） 含量和脂质过氧化水平 （LPO） 的影响。结果发现：海水酸化和磺胺甲恶唑单独暴露能够导致大马蹄螺鳃组织出现不同程度的氧化应激现象，表现为抗氧化酶 （CAT、SOD 和 GST） 活性和谷胱甘肽含量的升高。在复合暴露条件下，大马蹄螺鳃组织的抗氧化酶（CAT、SOD 和 GST） 活性和谷胱甘肽含量均受到不同程度的抑制，同时伴随着脂质过氧化水平的显著升高。这表明短期海水酸化和磺胺甲恶唑复合暴露可导致大马蹄螺鳃组织出现氧化损伤现象，进而可能对个体存活和种群繁衍造成负面影响。     

A multi-biomarker approach to assess effects of Triclosan in the clam Ruditapes philippinarum

The effects of 7 days’ exposure to differing Triclosan (TCS) concentrations (300, 600, and 900 ng/L) were investigated in the clam Ruditapes philippinarum. Vitellogenin (Vg)-like protein levels in haemolymph and digestive gland from males and females, gill acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities in gills and digestive gland, and gill lipid peroxidation (LPO) were measured. The highest TCS concentrations decreased significantly Vg levels in male haemolymph and digestive gland, whereas no significant variations were found in females. The highest TCS concentrations increased significantly SOD activity in gills, but decreased it in digestive gland. No changes in CAT activity were observed. In gills, TCS reduced significantly AChE activity, but it did not induce significant variations in LPO. Our study demonstrates that TCS alters biochemical parameters in R. philippinarum, even at environmentally realistic concentrations, and suggests differing modes of action of the contaminant, in clams at least.     

Temporal variation in the antioxidant defence system and lipid peroxidation in the gills and mantle of hydrothermal vent mussel Bathymodiolus azoricus

Hydrothermal vent mussels are exposed continually to toxic compounds, including high metal concentrations and other substances like dissolved sulphide, methane and natural radioactivity. Fluctuations in these parameters appear to be common because of the characteristic instability of the hydrothermal environment. Temporal variation in the antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), total glutathione peroxidases (Total GPx), selenium dependent glutathione peroxidases (Se-GPx)), metallothioneins and lipid peroxidation (LPO) in the gills and mantle of the mussel Bathymodiolus azoricus from Menez–Gwen hydrothermal vent site was evaluated and related to the accumulated metal concentrations (Ag, Cu, Cd, Fe, Mn and Zn) in the tissues. Maximum antioxidant enzyme activities in the gills were detected in the beginning of summer, followed by a gradual decrease throughout the following months. One year after, the levels of antioxidant enzyme activities were similar to those reported one year before. LPO in this tissue exhibited a similar temporal variation trend. A different pattern of temporal variation in antioxidant enzyme activities was observed in the mantle, with a gradual increase from summer to the end of autumn (November). LPO in the mantle exhibited an almost reverse trend of temporal variation to that of antioxidant enzyme activities in this tissue. Antioxidant defences in the gills of B. azoricus were significantly enhanced with increasing concentrations of Ag, Cu and Mn, while negative relationships between antioxidant enzymes and Cd, Cu, Mn and Zn concentrations in the mantle were observed, suggesting different pathways of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and that these tissues responded differently to the metal accumulation. However, temporal variation in biomarkers of defence and damage were in general similar to coastal bivalve species and can be associated with temporal variations of the physiological status due to reproduction. These variations might also be linked to the highly unstable nature of the hydrothermal environment.     

水体Hg^2＋对中华绒螯蟹（Eriocheir sinensis）血淋巴抗氧化酶活力和丙二醛含量的影响

采用单因子实验设计方法,进行了水体汞（Hg^2＋）在不同暴露时间对中华绒螯蟹血淋巴超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPX）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活力以及脂质过氧化产物丙二醛（MDA）含量的影响研究。结果表明,较低浓度Hg^2＋（0．01和0．05mg／L）处理组中华绒螯蟹血淋巴SOD、GPX、CAT活力在...     

硒对紫球藻抗氧化酶活性及丙二醛含量的影响

利用添加0.5mg.L-1硒的人工海水(ASW)培养基培养紫球藻Porphyridium sp.UTEX 637,并采用试剂盒、氯化硝基四氮唑蓝(NBT)光化学还原反应法、紫外分光光度法、硫代巴比妥酸(TBA)分析法测定谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活性及丙二醛(MDA)的含量,着重探讨硒对紫球藻抗氧化酶活性及丙二醛含量的影响。结果表明,硒明显促进紫球藻细胞的GSH-Px活性(p<0.05)。加硒处理组和未加硒对照组紫球藻的GSH-Px活性均在第15天达到最高;加硒组紫球藻的最大酶活性达到4.31个酶活力单位(U),为对照组的1.31倍。SOD和CAT的活性分别在第18天和15天达到最大值,但加硒组与对照组之间差异不显著(p>0.05),说明0.5mg.L-1硒对紫球藻的SOD和CAT活性影响不明显。加硒能明显降低藻细胞丙二醛的含量,加硒组藻细胞的丙二醛含量比对照组藻细胞的丙二醛含量降低了15.21%。     

亚心形扁藻超氧化物歧化酶活性对镉和铜的应答

以亚心形扁藻为实验材料,对不同浓度重金属镉(Cd2 )和铜(Cu2 )作用下亚心形扁藻的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性的变化和膜脂过氧化作用进行了探讨,以期了解藻类抗重金属的机制。结果表明:随着Cd2 和Cu2 浓度的增加亚心形扁藻的SOD的活性逐渐升高,但高浓度Cd2 可导致SOD活性活性下降。膜脂过氧化实验结果显示,半抑制浓度的重金属处理72hr后,膜脂过氧化产物丙二醛(MDA)显著提高。用72h半抑制浓度的重金属处理亚心形扁藻随时间的变化关系表明,在最初的12hr内SOD活性被两种重金属离子诱导迅速升高,然后逐渐趋于平稳。总之,SOD活性的变化与重金属的种类、浓度和处理时间有关。     

壬基酚对栉孔扇贝组织抗氧化酶活性的影响

研究不同浓度的壬基酚(0.05,0.10,0.20,0.40,0.80,1.60mg/L)对扇贝组织超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性的影响。试验进行6h,24h和48h后,分别测定扇贝鳃和消化盲囊组织中2种酶的活性。结果显示:①鳃组织中,0.05,0.10和0.20mg/L处理组中的SOD和CAT活性在试验6h后被轻度激活,24h和48h后出现抑制;0.40,0.80和1.60mg/L处理组的酶活性在整个试验过程中均被抑制。②消化盲囊中,0.05和0.10mg/L处理组中的SOD和CAT活性在试验6h后被轻度激活,24h和48h后被抑制;0.40,0.80和1.60mg/L处理组在整个试验过程中均被抑制。③扇贝消化盲囊组织中的SOD和CAT活性均高于鳃组织,对壬基酚的敏感性也高于后者。④扇贝消化盲囊和鳃组织中的SOD和CAT活性对壬基酚的反应变化趋势相似,二者结合,可以作为壬基酚污染的生物标志物。     

Seasonal variation of oxidative biomarkers in gills and digestive gland of green-lipped mussel Perna viridis from Arabian Sea

Investigations on seasonal variation in oxidative stress biomarkers were carried out on the natural population of green-lipped mussel Perna viridis collected from Bambolim beach area of Goa. Oxidative stress indices such as lipid peroxidation (LPX), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR), reduced glutathione (GSH) and ascorbic acid (ASA) were measured in gills and digestive gland of P. viridis during February, May, August and November. The present study reveals two important aspects regarding the antioxidant defence status of tissues of P. viridis. Firstly, antioxidant capacity of tissues of P. viridis exhibits seasonal variation. Secondly, various components of antioxidant capacity such as oxidative stress markers, levels of antioxidant enzymes and small antioxidant molecules vary differently in tissues with respect to different seasons. Although the oxidative stress status of gills and digestive gland of P. viridis expressed in terms of LPX and H₂O₂ was the lowest in February, its level was maximal in gills and digestive gland during May and November, respectively. While activities of SOD and GPX of tissues of P. viridis were found to be low in August, activities of CAT and GR were recorded to be low in February. GST activity in gills although remained high in February, in digestive gland elevated values were recorded in August and November. A seasonal variation in the levels of small antioxidant molecules was also noticed. Among non enzymatic antioxidants ASA content of tissues was maximal in May and August in comparison to February and November, but GSH remained high in November. It therefore appears that environmental factors may play a crucial role in regulating the oxidative stress capacity of tissues of P. viridis.     

聚苯乙烯和四溴联苯醚对黑褐新糠虾抗氧化防御系统的联合效应

本文以黑褐新糠虾(Neomysis awatschensis)为受试生物,分别研究两者单独及联合暴露21 d后的氧化应激效应,并结合综合生物标志物响应(Integrated Biomarker Response,IBR)评估其毒性。结果表明:PS单独暴露时,过氧化氢酶(Catalase,CAT)、谷胱甘肽硫转移酶(Glutathione S-transferase,GST)、超氧化物歧化酶(Superoxide dismutase,SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(Glutathione peroxidase,GPX)活性随暴露浓度升高被显著抑制,丙二醛(Malondialdehyde,MDA)含量随暴露浓度增加逐渐上升,而谷胱甘肽(Glutathione,GSH)含量仅在97.4μg·L^-1暴露下显著上升;BDE-47单独暴露时,CAT、GST和GSH含量均被抑制,MDA和GPX活性仅在较高浓度下被显著诱导,SOD活性在低浓度被诱导,在最高浓度下恢复至空白水平。联合暴露时,CAT和SOD活性随PS投加浓度升高表现出先诱导后抑制的效应,且均显著高于BDE-47单独暴露组,MDA含量随PS投加浓度升高表现出诱导效应。GST和GPX活性与空白水平相近,低浓度PS暴露组中的GSH含量也有相似的变化规律。可见,PS能减缓BDE-47对黑褐新糠虾抗氧化防御系统的氧化胁迫,在低浓度PS联合暴露组中尤其显著。     

The effect of long-term depuration on levels of oxidative stress biomarkers in mullets (Mugil cephalus) chronically exposed to contaminants

The present study aimed to obtain additional data on the effect of long-term depuration on the levels of oxidative stress biomarkers, and to clarify the role of mullets for monitoring pollution in River Douro estuary. Mullets chronically exposed to a mixture of contaminants in Douro estuary were captured in Spring of 2001, 2002 and 2003. The activities of antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX); and oxidative damages in lipids (lipid peroxidation) and in proteins (protein carbonyl content) were assessed at capture day and after transfer to unpolluted seawater for 1, 4 and 8 months. An overall decrease in the activities of the antioxidant enzymes was detected, except for the GPX after 4 months depuration. CAT activity exhibited the more significant decrease at the end of the long-term depuration. The decrease in SOD activity after 1 month of depuration was then maintained during the remaining depuration period. Regarding oxidative damages, a decrease in lipid peroxidation as well as the content of oxidised proteins was observed during depuration. Indeed, at capture the activities of antioxidant defences were higher as a result of the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from the metabolism of pollutants. The oxidative damaged molecules were repaired or degraded during the depuration period, supporting the use of such damages as indicators of exposure to pro-oxidant pollutants.     

红树叶片衰老过程中活性氧和保护酶活性的变化

测定了红树植物木榄(Bruguiera gymnorrhiza)和秋茄(Kandelia candel)幼叶、成熟叶和老叶间活性氧和三种细胞保护酶活性的变化。结果表明,在叶片衰老过程中,丙二醛和H2O2含量显著提高,超氧化物自由基产生速率加快,表明红树叶片衰老中膜脂过氧化作用增强,并且与H2O2和超氧化物自由基含量的上升相关。在3种细胞保护酶中,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性逐渐降低,过氧化物酶(POD)活性显著提高,过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性在叶片成熟过程中增高,随着衰老而急剧降低,细胞保护酶酶活的变化直接影响了叶片衰老过程中活性氧代谢的平衡。     

大港原油对毛蚶部分抗氧化酶和代谢酶的影响研究

为研究港原油对毛蚶部分抗氧化酶和代谢酶的影响,设置0.01、0.1、1、3mg/L大港原油水溶液性成分(WSF),采用暴露法研究毛蚶天津群体的鳃、斧足中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPX)抗氧化酶等抗氧化酶及酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、钠/钾泵(Na^+/K^+ATPase)、钙泵(Ga²⁺/Mg²⁺ATPase)等代谢相关酶的活性变化,测定丙二醛(MDA)含量,采用整合生物标志物(Integratedbiomarkerresponse,IBR)进行分析。结果表明,毛蚶鳃和斧足中SOD、CAT、GPX表现出一定的剂量-效应关系, MDA含量呈先升高后降低的趋势, 3 mg/L组表现出MDA累积;ACP、AKP、Na^+/K^+ATPase、Ga²⁺/Mg²⁺ATPase表现出一定剂量-效应关系,酸性磷酸酶较碱性磷酸酶响应更迅速, Na^+/K^+ATPase较Ga²⁺/Mg²⁺ATPase更易受WSF影响;鳃中酶类活性受WSF影响更明显。鳃中SOD、GPX、MDA较斧足高,而CAT则相反。斧足、鳃组织RIB值呈现先下降后上升趋势,与WSF浓度及暴露时间存在剂量-效应关系和时间-效应关系,两组之间存在差异性,斧足累积RIB值高于鳃组织。     

Adaptation of the antioxidant defence system in hydrothermal-vent mussels (Bathymodiolus azoricus) transplanted between two Mid-Atlantic Ridge sites

The vent mussel Bathymodiolus azoricus is the dominant member of the Northern Mid‐Atlantic Ridge (MAR) hydrothermal megafauna, and lives in an environment characterized by temporal and spatial variations in the levels of heavy metals, methane and hydrogen sulphide, substances which are known to increase reactive oxygen species levels in the tissues of exposed organisms. To evaluate the effects of two contrasting hydrothermal environments on the antioxidant defence system of this vent mussel species, a 2‐week transplant experiment was carried out involving mussels collected from the relatively deep (2300 m), and chemical rich, Rainbow vent field. These were transplanted to the shallower (1700 m), and relatively less toxic, Lucky Strike vent field. To achieve this objective, levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase (CAT), total glutathione peroxidase (GPx), selenium‐dependent glutathione peroxidase and lipid peroxidation (LPO) were measured in the gills and mantle tissues of resident and transplant mussels before and after the transplant experiment. With the exception of CAT, the gills of the transplanted mussels had significantly higher antioxidant enzyme activity compared with the basal levels in the donor (Rainbow) and recipient (Lucky Strike) populations; whereas the antioxidant enzyme levels in the mantle tissues of the transplants reflected the baseline levels of activity in the native Lucky Strike mussels after 2 weeks. In contrast, LPO levels were significantly higher in both tissue types in the transplants than in either the source or the recipient populations, which suggested a response to hydrostatic pressure change (note, the transplant animals were brought to the surface for transportation between the two vent fields). The fact that the Rainbow mussels survived the transplant experience indicates that B. azoricus has a very robust constitution, which enables it to cope behaviourally, physiologically and genetically with the extreme conditions found in its naturally contaminated deep‐sea environment.     

不同营养状态下3种沉水植物的生理响应

通过静态模拟实验,比较研究了不同营养水平(贫营养、中营养、富营养、重富营养)培养的苦草(Vallisneria spirolis)、伊乐藻(Elodea nattalii)和金鱼藻(Ceracophyllurn dernersurn)的过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性及丙二醛含量变化.研究发现,3种沉水植物的过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶活性及丙二醛含量均随N,P浓度的增加而上升;3种沉水植物的丙二醛含量均随时间延长而上升,POD活性随时间变化呈先上升后下降的趋势;苦草和伊乐藻的SOD活性及伊乐藻CAT活性随时间延伸呈下降的趋势;金鱼藻的CAT活性随时间延伸呈上升的趋势.     

Hypoxia tolerance and antioxidant defense system of juvenile jumbo squids in oxygen minimum zones

Jumbo squid (Dosidicus gigas) is a large oceanic squid endemic off the Eastern Tropical Pacific that undertakes diel vertical migrations into mesopelagic oxygen minimum zones. One of the expected physiological effects of such migration is the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) at the surface, promoted by the transition between hypoxia and reoxygenation states. The aim of this study was to investigate the energy expenditure rates and the antioxidant stress strategies of juvenile D. gigas under normoxia and hypoxia, namely by quantifying oxygen consumption rates, antioxidant enzyme activities [including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST)], heat shock protein expression (Hsp70/Hsc70), and lipid peroxidation [malondialdehyde (MDA) levels]. A high significant decrease (68%) in squid’s metabolic rates was observed during hypoxia (p<0.05). This process of metabolic suppression was followed by a significant increase in Hsp70/Hsc70 expression (p<0.05), which may be interpreted as a strategy to prevent post-hypoxic oxidative damage during the squid’s night upwards migration to the surface ocean. On the other hand, in normoxia, the higher SOD and CAT activities seemed to be a strategy to cope with the reoxygenation process, and may constitute an integrated stress response at shallower depths. GST activity and MDA concentrations did not change significantly from normoxia to hypoxia (p>0.05), with the latter indicating no enhancement of lipid peroxidation (i.e. cellular damage) at the warmer and normoxic surface waters. The understanding of such physiological strategies that are linked to oxygen deprivation and reoxygenation phases may provide valuable information about how this species is quickly responding to the impacts of environmental stressors coupled with global climate change.     

金属蛋白酶对大菱鲆血清抗氧化酶活性及丙二醛含量的影响

为了研究金属蛋白酶对大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)抗氧化系统的影响,作者分别对大菱鲆肌肉注射不同浓度的金属蛋白酶,并于3、6、12、24、48、72 h测定血清中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)、总抗氧化活力(T-AOC)以及丙二醛(MDA)含量变化。结果显示,低质量浓度组(0.037mg/mL)金属蛋白酶处理后,CAT和T-SOD活力除3h显著高于对照组外(P0.05),其余时间点均与对照组无显著差异(P0.05),而低浓度组GSH-Px和T-AOC在整个试验过程中均与对照组无显著性差异(P0.05)。中质量浓度组(0.073mg/mL)金属蛋白酶胁迫后血清中CAT、GSH-Px、T-SOD和T-AOC在3 h～72 h均呈现波浪形的变化趋势。高质量浓度组(0.147 mg/mL)金属蛋白酶对上述4种抗氧化酶产生不同程度的抑制,且在6 h～72 h均显著低于对照组(P0.05)。金属蛋白酶低质量浓度和中质量浓度组MDA含量呈现较为平稳的变化趋势,且与对照组无显著性差异(P0.05),而高质量浓度组MDA含量在3 h～72 h均显著高于对照组(P0.05)。