非线性编辑与线性编辑在气象电视节目中的使用

通过对非线性编辑与线性编辑两者的概念及其特点、优势的介绍，指出在气象电视节目的后期制作中，怎样恰当地选择使用非线性编辑、线性编辑或二者同时使用。     

如何正确理解"插入编辑"

通过对线性、非线性“插入编辑”的详细论述，明确它们的区别与优缺点，进而加速模拟向数字线性向非线性的过渡，普及计算机非线性编辑的应用。     

电视天气预报制作中的非线性编辑

1　前　言随着计算机技术的发展 ,一种新的影视节目编辑技术应运而生。它的出现 ,不仅可以使影视编辑告别传统的磁带编辑方式 ,而且为编辑技术的未来发展拓展了广阔的空间 ,这就是非线性编辑技术。以前的电视节目编辑是通过多台编辑机、切换台、特技机等众多设备完成的 ,这种编辑方式称为线性编辑方式。现在的非线性编辑则是将编辑工作搬到了计算机中 ,应用计算机图像技术对原始素材进行各种编辑操作 ,然后再将最后结果输出。正是由于非线性编辑“电脑化”的这一特点 ,使得这一新技术得到了迅速普及 ,气象部门的电视天气预报制作水平也因此…     

浅谈数字非线性编辑技术

近几年来,我省地市电视天气预报制作中,使用非线性编辑系统制作节目已基本普及,这样对我们制作人员的应用也提出了新的要求,为了与大家共同学习,共同提高,笔者对非线性编辑技术的现状进行了探讨,希望能起到抛砖引玉的作用。     

DY3000非线性编辑的素材管理

介绍了大洋非线性编辑素材管理的概念和结构，提出了改善和提高素材采集、管理和使用效率的方法。     

气象影视非线性编辑网络的建设技巧

针对目前气象影视制作非线性编辑系统的飞速发展现状,分别从非线性编辑系统的网络化建设方案、网络化数据流程和编辑网络的维护技巧三个方面,探讨了地(市)级和县级气象影视部门非线性编辑制作的网络化建设问题.     

如何选购非线性编辑系统

1　非线性编辑系统的概念及优点1.1　非线性编辑系统非线性编辑是把输入的各种视音频信号进行A/D转换,采用数字压缩技术,存入计算机的硬盘中,将传统电视节目后期制作系统中的切换台、数字特技、录像机、录音机、编辑机、调音台、字幕机、图形创作系统等设备,用一台计算机来进行运算、操作,视频信号在计算机内部全部按4:2:2数字分量处理。完整的非线性编辑系统应该具备:电子的、非线性、随机存取、编辑系统、网络管理。电子的:以电子计算机为平台,主要用于支持用户和系统硬件之间的快速数据传输,数据管理和硬件接口协议;非线性:存储媒体的物…     

非线性编辑网络系统在电视气象节目制作中的应用

本文介绍了非线性编辑网络系统建设对气象影视制作带来的优点,并具体介绍了该系统建设的工作流程和软硬件要求,探讨了非线性编辑网络系统在解决影视技术剪辑、影视素材存档、影视节目审查等方面的可行性,并结合杭州市气象局目前已经在试运行的编辑网络系统工作经验,提出了非线性编辑网络系统建设的几点思考。     

利用DY3000非线性编辑系统制作电视天气预报节目

应用DY3000非线性编辑系统在进行素材编辑、制作云图、制作冷空气移动,设计城市天气预报节目、电视界面、更改和替换记录文件以及使用幻影2000包装节目,达到了简捷、实时的效果。     

利用DY3000非线性编辑系统制作电视天气预报节目

应用DY3000非线性编辑系统在进行素材编辑、制作云图、制作冷空气移动 ,设计城市天气预报节目、电视界面、更改和替换记录文件以及使用幻影 2000包装节目 ,达到了简捷、实时的效果     

编篡《气象志》的五个具体原则

编篡《气象志》应考虑四个大原则和五个具体原则。四大总体原则已在作者《编篡“气象志”的四个大原则》一文中阐述。本文专门介绍五个具体原则。它包括叙事原则、供资原则、存史原则、传人原则、著录原则。在编篡《气象志》各篇章内容时分别遵守这五个具体原则,有利于提高《气象志》的编篡质量。     

编纂《气象志》的四大原则

由于了解气象国情的需要,近年来我国各省、市、自治区气象局,都在负责编纂《气象志》。《气象志》作为《地方志》的专志之一,是《地方志》编纂工作的创举,责任重大但缺乏经验。虽各地曾提出过编写专志的普遍原则,但并未提出过编写《气象志》的特殊原则。而此项特殊原则系编《气象志》所不可或缺的。为适应此项需要,本文特阐述编纂《气象志》的四个总体大原则,即时代先进性原则、志实原则、统属原则和体例原则。至于编纂《气象志》的一些具体原则,如叙事原则、供资原则、存史原则、传人原则及著录原则等将另文阐述。     

雷达个例资料整编批处理技术与业务应用

在新一代天气雷达业务观测中,采用降水观测模式2,一天有近240个基数据和约有7200个数据产品。由于基数据和数据产品文件名与资料整编文件名格式上的差异很大,如果仅依靠人工进行整编,不仅文件多、信息量大,而且文件的重命名、校对审核尤为困难。系统地介绍了雷达个例资料整编的关键技术和解决方案,通过计算机实现了文件命名的自动批处理,采用向导式任务处理技术实现了雷达个例资料整编的自动化、批量化、流程化和标准化。     

微服务在气象数据服务中的应用研究

在气象数据服务逐渐接口化背景下,MUSIC作为CIMISS气象数据接口服务的主要系统,得到了各级业务部门的广泛应用,但也存在不完善和使用难等问题。基于MUSIC以微服务架构设计与开发气象数据服务系统,扩充了MUSIC接口,实现了接口编制、编排和图形化使用,提升了接口使用人性化水平,增强了MUSIC业务支撑能力和业务适应性。     

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS DATA OF AIR–SEA TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCE AND ITS VARIATION ACROSS SOUTH CHINA SEA IN THE PAST 35 YEARS

Using the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set(ICOADS) and ERA-Interim data, spatial distributions of air-sea temperature difference(ASTD) in the South China Sea(SCS) for the past 35 years are compared,and variations of spatial and temporal distributions of ASTD in this region are addressed using empirical orthogonal function decomposition and wavelet analysis methods. The results indicate that both ICOADS and ERA-Interim data can reflect actual distribution characteristics of ASTD in the SCS, but values of ASTD from the ERA-Interim data are smaller than those of the ICOADS data in the same region. In addition, the ASTD characteristics from the ERA-Interim data are not obvious inshore. A seesaw-type, north-south distribution of ASTD is dominant in the SCS; i.e., a positive peak in the south is associated with a negative peak in the north in November, and a negative peak in the south is accompanied by a positive peak in the north during April and May. Interannual ASTD variations in summer or autumn are decreasing. There is a seesaw-type distribution of ASTD between Beibu Bay and most of the SCS in summer, and the center of large values is in the Nansha Islands area in autumn. The ASTD in the SCS has a strong quasi-3a oscillation period in all seasons, and a quasi-11 a period in winter and spring. The ASTD is positively correlated with the Nio3.4 index in summer and autumn but negatively correlated in spring and winter.     

CHARACTERISTICS AND TRENDS OF CLIMATIC EXTREMES IN CHINA DURING 1959–2014

The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics.     

IMPACT OF ATMOSPHERIC LOW-FREQUENCY OSCILLATION ON THE IMMIGRATION OF NILAPARVATA LUGENS(STL) IN HUNAN AND JIANGXI PROVINCES

Various features of the atmospheric environment affect the number of migratory insects, besides their initial population. However, little is known about the impact of atmospheric low-frequency oscillation(10 to 90 days) on insect migration. A case study was conducted to ascertain the influence of low-frequency atmospheric oscillation on the immigration of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens(Stl), in Hunan and Jiangxi provinces. The results showed the following:(1) The number of immigrating N. lugens from April to June of 2007 through 2016 mainly exhibited a periodic oscillation of 10 to 20 days.(2) The 10-20 d low-frequency number of immigrating N. lugens was significantly correlated with a low-frequency wind field and a geopotential height field at 850 h Pa.(3) During the peak phase of immigration, southwest or south winds served as a driving force and carried N. lugens populations northward, and when in the back of the trough and the front of the ridge, the downward airflow created a favorable condition for N. lugens to land in the study area. In conclusion, the northward migration of N. lugens was influenced by a low-frequency atmospheric circulation based on the analysis of dynamics. This study was the first research connecting atmospheric low-frequency oscillation to insect migration.     

A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC CONDITIONS BEFORE THE OCCURRENCE OF TWO TYPES OF EL NIO EVENTS

The atmospheric and oceanic conditions before the onset of EP El Ni?o and CP El Ni?o in nearly 30 years are compared and analyzed by using 850 hPa wind, 20℃ isotherm depth, sea surface temperature and the Wheeler and Hendon index. The results are as follows: In the western equatorial Pacific, the occurrence of the anomalously strong westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Its intensity is far stronger than that of the CP El Ni?o. Two months before the El Ni?o, the anomaly westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o have extended to the eastern Pacific region, while the westerly wind anomaly of the CP El Ni?o can only extend to the west of the dateline three months before the El Ni?o and later stay there. Unlike the EP El Ni?o, the CP El Ni?o is always associated with easterly wind anomaly in the eastern equatorial Pacific before its onset. The thermocline depth anomaly of the EP El Ni?o can significantly move eastward and deepen. In addition, we also find that the evolution of thermocline is ahead of the development of the sea surface temperature for the EP El Ni?o. The strong MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o in the western and central Pacific is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Measured by the standard deviation of the zonal wind square, the intensity of MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o is significantly greater than that of the CP El Ni?o before the onset of El Ni?o.     

Could the Recent Taal Volcano Eruption Trigger an El Ni?o and Lead to Eurasian Warming?

正The Taal Volcano in Luzon is one of the most active and dangerous volcanoes of the Philippines. A recent eruption occurred on 12 January 2020(Fig. 1a), and this volcano is still active with the occurrence of volcanic earthquakes. The eruption has become a deep concern worldwide, not only for its damage on local society, but also for potential hazardous consequences on the Earth's climate and environment.     

ANALYSIS OF “BIMODAL PATTERN” STORM ACTIVITY CHARACTERISTICS OF THE BAY OF BENGAL

Storms that occur at the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are of a bimodal pattern, which is different from that of the other sea areas. By using the NCEP, SST and JTWC data, the causes of the bimodal pattern storm activity of the BoB are diagnosed and analyzed in this paper. The result shows that the seasonal variation of general atmosphere circulation in East Asia has a regulating and controlling impact on the BoB storm activity, and the “bimodal period” of the storm activity corresponds exactly to the seasonal conversion period of atmospheric circulation. The minor wind speed of shear spring and autumn contributed to the storm, which was a crucial factor for the generation and occurrence of the “bimodal pattern” storm activity in the BoB. The analysis on sea surface temperature (SST) shows that the SSTs of all the year around in the BoB area meet the conditions required for the generation of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, the SSTs in the central area of the bay are higher than that of the surrounding areas in spring and autumn, which facilitates the occurrence of a “two-peak” storm activity pattern. The genesis potential index (GPI) quantifies and reflects the environmental conditions for the generation of the BoB storms. For GPI, the intense low-level vortex disturbance in the troposphere and high-humidity atmosphere are the sufficient conditions for storms, while large maximum wind velocity of the ground vortex radius and small vertical wind shear are the necessary conditions of storms.