GPS单基线实时姿态测量系统分析与实现

分析和实现了基于单基线的GPS实时姿态测量系统。通过对姿态参数的精度分析，得出了姿态测量精度同基线长度和相对精度因子的关系；分析了姿态测量系统中单点定位对相对定位精度的影响；最后对姿态测量系统的实时性和姿态测量的结果进行了分析。本文的研究对GPS姿态测量技术的工程应用和理论研究具有一定的参考价值。     

适合于AR应用的姿态、位置综合测量系统

本文分析了AR技术的发展需求,提出适合于AR智能导航的姿态、位置综合测量系统.该系统由双频GPS接收机、陀螺仪和车辆里程计组合,采用卡尔曼滤波方法实现位置姿态测量.文章估计了滤波器实时为动态AR智能导航系统输出的位置姿态信息的精度.并通过实验验证了系统的可靠性、适用性和稳定性.     

3Dsurs系统姿态精度分析

GPS是3Dsurs系统中关键传感器之一,用于测量车载平台的位置和姿态角。姿态角获取是3Dsurs系统关键技术之一,其精度决定系统所能达到的测量精度。本系统中使用NovAtel DL-4型双频、高精度、高采样率GPS,采用差分后处理方法,数据处理中利用三台GPS间固定位置关系进行约束平差,并采用滤波方法提高解算精度。多组实验结果表明:使用GPS测姿可获得较高精度,系统中三个姿态角的精度有差异,航向角的精度最高,横滚角和俯仰角的精度接近。     

3DF GPS接收机测定姿态角的原理

本文论述3DF GPS接收机测定姿态角的原理。内容包括接收机的基本结构、测定姿态角的原理、误差源和精度分析。初期结果表明,测定姿态角的精度约为0.02°—0.05°。     

一种利用GPS进行船只姿态测量的新方法

提出了一种利用GPS进行船只姿态测量的新方法。该方法利用接收机之间的波程差并结合当地水平坐标系与载体坐标系的转换关系来进行载体姿态的解算,从而避开了对整周模糊度的求解,具有很高的计算效率及较好的稳定性。通过对计算结果的分析,证明了该算法的有效性,其测姿精度优于0.5°。     

姿态测量中GPS双频观测的应用

随着GPS定位技术的发展和完善,利用GPS进行动态载体的姿态测量具有广阔的发展前景.姿态测量问题中,实时、高精度的解算整周模糊度是关键.利用双频观测、RATI0检验等方法进行单历元整周模糊度的解算,得到较好的结果.因此,这一方法可以应用到动态载体姿态测量当中去.     

一种基于非专用接收机的GPS实时定姿算法

描述一种基于非专用接收机的GPS实时定姿算法,主要工作可以分为两个部分:第一,采用最小二乘方法和乔里斯基分解,基于基线长度约束压缩整周模糊度搜索空间,以达到实时计算的目的;第二,结合姿态角约束,使用金字塔算法提高了整周模糊度求解效率.经过实验,算法在基线长度为3 m的条件下,航向角精度优于0.1°.     

BDS与GPS姿态测量精度比较

对GNSS姿态测量的原理进行了研究,并对BDS/GPS多模数据进行了处理,分别计算了BDS、GPS在同等观测条件下的姿态测量精度,并对单频和双频的模糊度固定成功率进行了分析.结果表明:无论是单频还是双频,BDS和GPS姿态测量的精度相当.     

GPS/BDS组合姿态测量及精度分析

给出了GPS/BDS组合双差观测模型和姿态测量解算算法,采用Kalman滤波进行动态基线解算的参数估计,利用LAMBDA方法固定双系统模糊度,获得动态基线固定解,最后通过基线的坐标系转换获得姿态角。比较了单系统和GPS/BDS双系统静态姿态角与动态短基线解算结果。试验结果表明,GPS/BDS组合姿态测量的精度和可靠性较GPS单系统都有显著提高。     

一种利用GPS进行动态载体姿态测量的新方法

提出一种利用GPS进行载体姿态测量的新方法。这种方法利用接收机之间的波程差并结合当地水平坐标系与载体坐标系的转换关系来进行载体姿态的解算,从而避开对整周模糊度的求解,具有较高的计算效率及稳定性。通过仿真分析,证明该算法在理论上是成立的,并且测姿精度优于0.1°。     

差分GPS水下立体定位导航系统的时间测量

差分GPS水下立体定位系统是通过测量同一水声信号到达不同浮标的时刻,计算水下收发机到各枚浮标的距离差,实现水下立体双曲线交会定位的。本文对水下立体定位导航系统的数学模型进行了推导。根据差分GPS水下立体定位导航系统的要求对GPS接收机时钟同步进行了详细分析,同时对GPS接收机接口数据输出和支持的三种时间测量方案进行了介绍,并对时间延迟进行了分析。     

GPS接收机工作原理及发展现状

根据GPS接收机的工作原理,分为连续接收机、序贯接收机和多元接收机。讨论了接收机的应用分类,分别为高精度测量型接收机,导航接收机及授时型接收机。根据GPS卫星信号的情况,介绍了GPS接收机的性能指标。根据GNSS的发展现状和卫星信号的实施论述了新一代多模双频接收机指标,根据测试结果证明：这种接收机将是未来GPS接收机的发展方向。     

计算转换参数提高手持式GPS接收机定位精度的方法与探讨

通过在矿区施测的静态GPS控制测量,根据实际不同的坐标系工程用图需要,在矿区内均匀选择三个以上公共点的两套坐标,探讨对手持式GPS接收机求取其转换参数的方法,采用五参数转换法,求出转换参数,然后在手持GPS接受机上设置五参数来提高定位精度.     

Åland GPS levelling campaign in 1987

In October 1987 a four day satellite GPS campaign was performed over the Åland archipelago to test the possibility of connecting the Swedish and Finnish national height systems. This paper summarizes the gained experiences using 5 WM 101 GPS receivers and the PoPS software.The computing results for the connection between the two height systems are considerably dependent on the choice of geoidal undulation model and systematic error parameter model. Using the NKG Scandinavian geoid 1989, which is probably the most accurate geoid available for the region, and a bias and tilt parameter model the difference between the Swedish RH70 system and the Finnish N60 system is estimated to 11.4 ± 4.0 cm. An independent check is provided by two connecting border bench marks in northern Scandinavia yielding the difference 19.2 ± 4.2 cm. In view of that merely single frequency GPS receivers were used together with the PoPS software, we consider this result most satisfactory.     

双移动载体GPS精密相对定位研究

GPS双移动载波相位差分技术的关键,是如何实现可变基线条件下整周模糊度的快速解算。为此,本文详细地讨论了其确定整周模糊度的方法,并设计了检验该技术精度的实验方案;实算结果表明,用该技术获得了厘米级的相对定位精度。     

Y2K and Other Stories

GPS technology will face not one but two critical rollover dates over the next eight months. One is the millennium (Y2K) rollover. The other is the GPS week 1024 rollover also known as the GPS End of the Week (EOW). Each rollover dat has the potential to cause severe problems in GPS receivers and related software. This article expolres the reasons why these dates are a problem and describes choices that must be made as to their solution. The paper also describes some verification methods that may be used to test GPS receivers and software. ? 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

GPS坐标成果空间坐标系转换及精度分析

随着科学技术和数字化技术的发展,GPS越来越多的应用于各种测量。GPS测量所获得的成果属于WGS—84空间直角坐标系,而有时我们要使用的坐标为高斯平面直角坐标。因此需要把GPS测量成果通过一定的转换模型转换为高斯平面直角坐标,本文就此内容进行分析探讨。     

Heading and Pitch Determination Using GPS/GLONASS

This article describes a single difference approach to estimate heading and pitch with a twin global positoning system (GPS)/GLONASS (GG) receiver system. Augmentation of GPS with GLONASS is not straightforward, however, because the latter system employs the frequency division multiple access technique to distinguish the signals form different satellites, rather than the code division multiple access technique used by GPS. The fact that each GLONASS signal has its own slightly different frequency makes the double difference (DD) of carrier phase observables no longer possible without modification. To get around this problem, the use of the between-receiver single difference (SD) of the carrier phase observables is proposed. In this case, however, receiver clock and other errors do not cancel out. The possibility of using a common external oscillator for the two receivers is explored. Remaining time and other biases are estimated using a low-pass averaging filter. The single difference integer ambiguities can then be resolved and the heading and pitch can be determined with a relatively good level of accuracy. Static and kinematic tests conducted with a pair of GPS/GLONASS receivers are used to validate the approach. Under reduced visibility, the combined GPS/GLONASS approach is shown to yield superior availability. ? 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Preliminary evaluation of the Russian GLONASS system as a potential geodetic tool

By the beginning of 1996 the Russian Global Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS) constellation was completely deployed, although several satellites have already been decommissioned since then. With 17 satellites in operation (status as of 21 December 1997, although two of them are unusable and one is a non-operative spare), GLONASS is now an alternative and a complement to GPS. We present an evaluation of the current status of the GLONASS system, paying particular attention to its possible geodetic applications. Data from several receivers were used for this evaluation, including data from GPS receivers in order to allow for a comparison between GLONASS and GPS. We tested the quality of the geodetic observables, the consistency of the broadcast orbits, the single-point positioning results, and we also looked at multipath errors and cycle slips in our GLONASS data. In general the GLONASS performance has been found to be very satisfactory, even better than GPS in aspects such as single-receiver positioning or in the quality of the second-frequency pseudo-ranges due to the degradation of the GPS measurement quality under selective availability and anti-spoofing. Received: 26 November 1996 / Accepted: 16 January 1998     

BDS/GPS组合动态测量效果分析

随着北斗卫星导航定位系统(BDS)的日趋完善和成熟,基于BDS与GPS和GLONASS的多星座动态测量技术得到广泛应用,显著提升了困难区域的动态测量效率和精度。因此,本文探讨了BDS/GPS组合系统,介绍了BDS/GPS及后差分动态测量(PPK)基本原理及数据处理模型,而且通过在某大学进行的两组动态测量实验中,进行PPK处理得到BDS和GPS的单系统动态测量结果,以及BDS/GPS组合系统的动态测量结果,两组实验数据表明:BDS或GPS单系统与BDS/GPS组合系统相比,BDS/GPS组合系统的动态测量效果优于BDS或GPS任一单系统动态测量的效果,且测量结果更为可靠。