偏最小二乘—分光光度法同时测定铋、铜、钴和镍

3，5—Br2—PADAP在pH为3．2的甲酸—甲酸钠缓冲溶液中能与Bi(Ⅲ)、Cu(Ⅱ)、Co(Ⅱ)和Ni(Ⅱ)形成稳定的络合物。研究了Bi(Ⅲ)、Cu(Ⅱ)、Co(Ⅱ)、Ni(Ⅱ)—3，5—Br2一PADAP体系的显色条件，用偏最小二乘法处理所得数据，从而建立了分光光度法同时测定Bi(Ⅲ)、Cu(Ⅱ)、Co(Ⅱ)和Ni(Ⅱ)的方法。方法简便可靠，灵敏度高，选择性好。     

胶东乳山金矿区原生晕地球化学特征及深部成矿预测

英格庄金矿以相对富As、Co、Ni而三甲和铜锡山金矿则以相对富Cu、Pb、Zn、Ag为特征.聚类分析显示,英格庄金矿具Bi+Hg、As+Sb+Co与Pb+Zn组合,三甲金矿具Bi+Hg+As+Sb+Co、Pb+Zn与Ag+Cu+Au组合,而铜锡山金矿则显示Bi+Hg+Sb+Pb+Ag、Cu+Au+Zn+As及Mo+Ni组合.结合Ni、Co、Mo与Ag、Hg、As、Sb等的相关特征,认为上述三个金矿均有成矿头尾晕叠加现象.Au、Ag、Cu、Pb、Zn、As、Sb、Bi、Hg、Mo等元素垂向变化规律显示,英格庄金矿在-200m标高以下、三甲金矿在-500m标高以下尚有成矿富集段存在.其中,所确定的英格庄金矿的靶位在16勘探线附近,三甲金矿的靶位则在16～20勘探线间.     

二道沟金矿床中黄铁矿的标型特征

本文从黄铁矿形态、成分、物理性质和硫同位素方面研究了二道沟金矿床中黄铁矿的标型特征,得出二道沟金矿黄铁矿的标型特征是:晶形以五角十二面体、立方体或其聚形品为主,高S/Fe值,高As、Bi、AuAg,高As/Sb值,高Cu、Pb、Zn,低Hg、Co、Ni,Co/Ni值大于1。黄铁矿导电类型为空穴型、混合型和电子型,以混台型为主;δ~(34)‰直绝大多数为-2—+3。研究表明,黄铁矿标型可直接作为寻找和评价金矿的矿物学标志以及确定矿床成因的指示标志。     

CONTROLLING MECHANISMS FOR THE TRACE METALS,(Cu,Zn, Cd, Fe, Co AND Ni) IN ANOXIC SEA WATER IN SAANICH INLET, BRITISH COLUMBIA, CANADA

A study was conducted on Cu, Zn, Cd, Fe, Co and Ni levels in Saanich Inlet anoxic seawaler. Data on the concentrations of these trace metals and H2S, and other oceanographic parameters were obtained in four cruisesEquilibrium models are presented together with in situ data. The" results strongly support the assumption that the solubilities of Cu, Zn, Cd, Fe, Co and Ni are controlled by bisulfide and /or polysulfide complexes. The species of Cu, Zn, Cd and Ni are shown to be Cu(S4)23- and Cu(S4S5)3-, Zn(HS)20 and ZnHS2-, Cd(HS)20 and Ni(HS)20 respectively. The solid species controlling Fe2 + and Co2+ are respectively the pyrohotites FeS and CoS. The data illustrates that thermodynamic equilibrium has been established in the H2S-controlled seawater of Saanich Inlet, and that equilibrium has not been established in the H2S-O2-coexisted seawater of Saanich Inlet. The lack of equilibrium in the H2S-O2-coexisted seawater is a result of the flushing or mixing of oxygenated seawater with anoxic water. The new s     

内蒙古准和热音苏木地区岩石元素地球化学特征及成矿性分析

内蒙古准和热音苏木地区属古亚洲成矿域内蒙古-大兴安岭成矿省二连-东乌旗晚古生代-中生代成矿带,是我国重要的铜及多金属集中分布区。野外调查采集了地表岩石(打块)样品61件,化验分析Au,Ag,Cu,Pb,Zn,As,Sb,Bi,Hg,W,Sn,Mo,Cd,Co,Cr,Ni共16种元素。通过综合岩石中元素的地球化学分布特征信息,分析岩石元素的含量、各岩石分区元素的含量、岩石元素富集离散等特征,利用因子分析、聚类分析,研究岩石元素的组合特征,对元素组合的物质属性进行判定,分析成矿性,指明了找矿方向,指出了该区具有寻找硫化物型的Pb,Cu,Bi有色金属矿产及与安山岩有关的Cd,Co矿的找矿潜力。     

矿石中微量铌的导数光度法测定

本文探讨了能消除Fe(Ⅲ)、Co(Ⅱ)、V(V)、Ta(V)、Cu(Ⅱ)等元素干扰的导数光度法测定在酒石酸介质中铌和5-Br-PADAP形成的三元铬合物.该方法具有选择性好,检出限低和准确度高等特点,铌在0—25μg/25ml范围内符合比尔定律,检出限0.02ppm,Nb_2O_5回收率在90—102％。     

塔里木克拉通北缘兴地镁铁—超镁铁质岩带铜镍成矿作用：来自铂族元素地球化学的制约

兴地镁铁—超镁铁质岩带位于塔里木克拉通北缘的库鲁克塔格地块,由兴地Ⅰ号、Ⅱ号、Ⅲ号和Ⅳ号等岩体组成。其中,兴地Ⅰ号和Ⅳ号岩体以辉长岩相为主;而兴地Ⅱ号和Ⅲ号岩体从橄榄岩相、辉石岩相到辉长岩相均有产出,岩相分带清楚。兴地Ⅱ号和Ⅲ号岩体二辉橄榄岩和二辉岩中均赋存有铜镍硫化物矿(化)体,常见矿石构造有星点状、斑点状、稀疏浸染状和稠密浸染状等,金属硫化物以磁黄铁矿、镍黄铁矿和黄铜矿为主。兴地Ⅱ号和Ⅲ号岩体岩石的铂族元素(PGE)含量(质量分数,下同)((0.41～4.54)×10^-9)低,钯组铂族元素(PPGE)含量总体高于铱组铂族元素(IPGE),IPGE/PPGE值为0.08～0.48,原始地幔标准化铂族元素蛛网图呈左倾型。岩石中铂族元素相对于Ni和Cu明显亏损,Pd/Ir值为3.28～23.33,Ni/Cu值为3.67～10.00,表明其母岩浆为高镁玄武质岩浆,这与橄榄石-熔体平衡估算的母岩浆性质一致。全岩Cu/Pd值((6.58～83.33)×10⁴)以及Cu/Zr值与Ni含量的相关性特征表明,在岩浆源区和侵位过程中均发生了硫化物的熔离作用,...     

招远大尹格庄金矿床微量元素特征及其意义

该文以山东招远大尹格庄金矿床中微量元素为研究对象,通过对矿床围岩、矿石等微量元素的研究,表明大尹格庄金矿围岩中微量元素以富含Bi,Au,Pb,W,Ag,Sn为特点,矿体和矿化体中元素组合为Au,Ag,As,Sb,Hg,B,Cu,Zn,Bi,Mo,Mn,Co,Ni,W。在5个成矿阶段中,第二阶段与第三阶段微量元素的富集程度较明显,表现为Au,Ag,As,Co,Bi,Cu,Pb,Zn等的富集,成矿元素可分为2个分带序列,主成矿元素为Au-Ag-Cu-Pb-Zn-Bi组合、头晕元素As-Sb-Hg组合和尾晕元素Co-Ni组合。     

发射光谱法测定化探样品中铜铅锌铬镍钴

研究了以氢氧化钾、硫化钠、沉淀硫为缓冲剂,背景内标,截取曝光,发射光谱法同时测定化探样品中Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr、Co、Ni,其检出限分别为Cu3μg/g、Pb5μn/g、Zn15μn/g、Co2μn/g、Ni2μn/g,精密度(RSD)3.2%、8.3%、7.6%、6.5%、8.2%、8.6%,方法简单、快速、准确。     

COMPOSITIONAL VARIATIONS IN MANGANESE NODULES COLLECTED FROM THE NORTH PENRHYN BASIN

Manganese nodules collected from the North Penrhyn Basin are characterized by low content of Mn and Fe, medium content of Ni and Cu , and medium Mn / Fe ratios . The average content of Ni plus Co is 1.11% , maximum 1.89% . Ni content slightly exceeds the Cu content in the nodules. Ni and Cu are strongly correlated with Mn , whereas Co is strongly correlated with Fe . Nodules containing Ni+Cu+Co near or in excess of 1% are rich in Mn and have a high Mn/Fe ratio. Those with highest content of Ni+Cu+Co are concentrated at or near the carbonate compensation depth . Nodules metal contents vary with latitude and have a reciprocal relationship with abundance. Contents of Mn, Ni, Cu and Ni+Cu+Co are high in nodules found at 2 - 6°S and vary decreasingly toward 1°N and 12°S , whereas Co content varies increasingly from 2°S towards 12°S. Nodule compositional variations with latitude are controlled by biological productivity, carbonate compensation depth , sedimentation rate, and bottom current.     

新疆且末县米特河地区1:5万水系沉积物地球化学特征及找矿意义

根据1:5万水系沉积物地球化学测量工作成果,对采集的3138件样品中Cu,Pb,Zn,Au,Ag,W,Sn,Mo,Bi,As,Sb,Cr,Co,Ni共14种元素进行分析测试。研究结果表明,Au,Ag,Cu,Ni是区内最有找矿潜力的成矿指标元素;聚类分析所划分的4类元素簇群,主要与中低温成矿元素、阿尔金南缘断裂、蛇绿混杂岩相关,通过因子分析得到Ni-Cr-As-Sb-Cu-Bi,W-Bi-As-Cu,Bi-W,As,Ag-Zn-Pb,Cu-Bi-As共6类元素组合。其中Cr,Ni,Sb,Cu,As,Bi组合反映出与低温热液活动和断裂构造活动有关;Cr,Ni元素的富集主要与研究区内叶桑岗蛇绿混杂岩带关系密切;Ag,Pb,Zn组合则与地层低温热液元素局部富集和断裂构造活动密切相关。在综合异常分析和查证的基础上,结合区域成矿地质条件、区内矿产地质特征,圈定、划分出2个找矿远景区,并指出了研究区内以金、铜、银、镍为主要优势矿种,铅、锌为潜力矿种。     

Mechanistic Study and Kinetic Determination of Cu(Ⅱ) by the Catalytic Kinetic Spectrophotometric Method

A highly sensitive and selective catalytic kinetic spectrophotometric method for the determination of Cu(Ⅱ) is proposed. It is based on the catalytic effect of Cu(Ⅱ) on the oxidation of glutathione(GSH) by potassium hexacyanoferrate(Ⅲ) in acidic medium at 25.0℃. The reaction is monitored spectrophotometrically by measuring the decrease in absorbance of oxidant at 420 nm using the fix-time method. Under the optimum conditions, the proposed method allows the determination of Cu(Ⅱ) in a range of 0-35.0 ng m L~(-1) with good precision and accuracy and the limit of detection is down to 0.04 ng m L~(-1). The relative standard deviation(RSD) is 1.02%. The reaction orders with respect to each reagent are found to be 1, 1/2, and 1/2 for potassium hexacyanoferrate(Ⅲ), glutathione and Cu(Ⅱ) respectively. On the basis of these values, the rate equation is obtained and the possible mechanism is established. Moreover, few anions and cations can interfere with the determination of Cu(Ⅱ). The new proposed method can be successfully used to the determination of Cu(Ⅱ) in fresh water samples and seawater samples. It is found that the proposed method has fairly good selectivity, high sensitivity, good repeatability, simplicity and rapidity.     

SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES OF SULFHYDRYL CHITOSAN

A new adsorbent for heavy metal ions, sulfhydryl chitosan (S-chitosan), was produced by treatment of chitosan with sulhydryl acetic acid in the presence of sulfuric acid as a catalyst. Its structure was confrrmed by elemental analysis and FI‘-IR spectra analysis. The adsorption properties of sulthydryl chitosan for Cu(Ⅱ ), Cd(Ⅱ ), Pb(Ⅱ), Cr(Ⅲ) and Ni(Ⅱ) were investigated, and the effect of pH value on adsorption, adsorption kinetics, and selective adsorption was examined. It was shown that S-chitosan has good adsorption for Pb(Ⅱ), Cu(Ⅱ) and Cd(Ⅱ) like chitosan, is also insoluble in acid solution; has good adsorption kinetic properties for heavy metal ions; and can be used in acid solution. The adsorption capacities of S-chitosan can be affected by media acidity. The adsorbed Cu(Ⅱ) Cd(Ⅱ) and Pb(Ⅱ) could be eluted by diluted chlorhydric acid.     

复合光催化剂Cu_2(OH)PO_4/Ni(OH)_2的制备及其光催化性能

采用水热合成法在Cu2(OH)PO4表面原位沉积Ni(OH)2,制备异质结型的复合光催化剂Cu2(OH)PO4/Ni(OH)2;利用X线粉末衍射仪(XRD)、紫外-可见漫反射光谱仪(UV-Vis-DRS)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等,对其相结构、光吸收性能和微观形貌进行表征.结果表明:该复合光催化剂具有良好的紫外光吸收特性,是一类新型的光催化剂.复合光催化剂在紫外光下可以有效降解亚甲基蓝(MB)溶液,当Cu2(OH)PO4与Ni(OH)2的摩尔比为0.2时,Cu2(OH)PO4/Ni(OH)2具有最大催化活性.根据光催化中加入不同活性物种牺牲剂的实验,推测该异质结型材料光催化过程中光生载流子的传输方向及活性物种.Cu2(OH)PO4/Ni(OH)2的催化活性增强主要归结为复合时在两者之间形成有效的异质结,结区的内建电场能够促进光生载流子的分离,同时·OH和h+在光催化降解过程中是主要的活性物种.     

黄铜矿微量元素对矿床成因类型的指示

金属矿物微量元素对矿床形成过程和成因类型具有重要指示作用,目前对黄铁矿、磁铁矿及闪锌矿研究较多,黄铜矿微量元素特征鲜有报道。根据收集的斑岩型铜矿床(PCD)、岩浆型铜镍硫化物矿床(MSD)、沉积岩型层状铜矿床(SSC)、铁氧化物铜金矿床(IOCG)、喷流沉积型矿床(SEDEX)及火山成因块状硫化物矿床(VMS)铜精矿样品,结合资料,对黄铜矿开展了详细矿相学和LA-ICP-MS微量元素研究,揭示黄铜矿微量元素特征及其与矿床成因类型的关系。黄铜矿中Mn,Co,Ni,Se,Ag,Sn,Pb及Bi质量分数可达1 000×10-6以上,Ga,Ge,Mo,Cd,In,Sb,Te,Au及Tl质量分数可达100×10-6以上,说明黄铜矿是很多微量元素的重要载体。黄铜矿Sb-Tl,In-Sn,Pb-Bi及Mn-Ni呈明显的正相关关系,其中Sb,Tl,In及Sn主要以固溶体的形式赋存于黄铜矿,Pb与Bi以方铅矿包裹体的形式赋存于黄铜矿,Mn,Co,As,Te,Ag及Ni 2种赋存状态均有发育。PCD型和VMS型黄铜矿微量元素变化大,MSD型黄铜矿中Ni质量分数高,In质量分数较低,SSC型黄铜矿Ge质量分数高,Sn质量分数较低。Se在MSD型和VMS型黄铜矿中质量分数较高,在SEDEX型和SSC型黄铜矿中质量分数较低。Ni,In,Sn元素差异主要与不同类型岩浆作用有关,Se元素质量分数差异主要受温度控制,SSC型黄铜矿Ge元素质量分数高可能与成矿温度和赋矿围岩有关。因此,基于上述微量元素特征,Ni-Co和Ni-In图解可区分MSD型和其他类型,Ni-Se图解可区分SEDEX型,SSC型及VMS型,Ge-Sn图解可进一步区分SSC型和SEDEX型,Co/Ni-Ag/Bi图解可区分MSD型和PCD型,Zn-Sn/In在一定程度上可区分IOCG型和其他类型。这些首次系统地提出的图解将为判别矿床成因类型提供新的参考。      

Geochemical Characteristics and Sources of Some Chemical Components in Sediments of Zhuiiang（Pearl） River Estuary

Sediment cores with length of 25 - 45cm at 12 stations in Zhujiang(Pearl) River Estuary were sampled in summer of 1999. Chemical components (Al2O3 , Fe2O3, CaO, TiO2, Cu, Pb, Cr, Zn, Co, Ni, V, Ba, Sr and Y) and grain sizes were analyzed. Sediments in Zhujiang River Estuary are characterized by relatively coarse grain size. The grain sizes of the sediments in the area outside the estuary are relatively finer than those in the north part of the estuary but coarser than those in the middle of Lingdingyang and have a trend similar to the spatial distribution trend of some chemical components such as Fe2O3, Al2O3, TiO2, V, Cu, Ni, Zn and Y. This showed that grain size is an important factor that controls the spatial distribution and depth profile of chemical elements in the Zhujiang River Estuary. Frequent re-suspension, re-transportation and redistribution of settled sediment on estuary floor could be deduced from the spatial distributions and depth profiles of chemical components. Except for CaO and Sr, the chemical components always enrich at the west side of, in the middle of, and at the north side of, the estuary. Fe2O3, Al2O3, Ti, V, Cr, Ni, Zn, Cu and Y in Zhujiang River Estuary sediments mainly result from rock and soil weathering except that parts of Cr, Ni, Zn Cu and Y are anthropogenic. CaO and Sr in sediments originate from marine source. Although Co as well as Pb derives from anthropogenic sources, human activities related to Co might differ from the activities related to Pb.     

陕西煎茶岭镍矿床亲铜元素地球化学特征及其地质意义

煎茶岭镍矿床是陕西省勉略宁矿集区最具代表性的矿床之一,其形成与热液蚀变密切相关,形成了滑镁岩型、蛇纹岩型、透闪岩型和菱镁岩型等4种镍矿石。对煎茶岭镍矿床矿石全岩主量、微量和亲铜元素开展系统研究,并结合自动矿物识别系统,查明煎茶岭镍矿床亲铜元素的分布特征和赋存状态,并进一步探讨矿床成因。结果表明：煎茶岭镍矿床中的Ni和Cu主要以镍黄铁矿和黄铜矿的形式存在,而Co主要以类质同象赋存于镍黄铁矿和磁黄铁矿等硫化物中;Ir和Ru主要赋存于镍黄铁矿中,Pt和Pd主要赋存于黄铜矿中;Rh与其他铂族元素(PGE)明显不同的地球化学特征表明母岩浆侵位前可能发生了含铑矿物的结晶分异。同时,较高的Cu/Pd值((2.82～10.9)×10⁴)也表明其母岩浆在深部经历了早期硫化物熔离作用,随之带走大量Cu、Ni、PGE等,这是煎茶岭镍矿床矿石铂族元素亏损的主要原因。综合分析推断,煎茶岭镍矿床的形成经历了两个阶段：(1)煎茶岭镍矿床母岩浆侵位到浅部岩浆房之后,发生硫化物二次熔离形成Co、Ni含量较低的贫硫化物矿石;(2)橄榄石等硅酸盐矿物和原生硫化物在热液蚀变过程中释放出Co、Ni、S等成...     

煤中重金属元素的溶出潜力及其影响因素

水-煤相互作用是影响煤矿矿井水水质的重要因素之一。为揭示煤中重金属元素的溶出机制,利用连续化学提取、浸溶实验等方法分析了煤中10种重金属元素赋存形态,量化了水-煤相互作用过程中重金属元素平均溶出浓度,梳理了影响煤中重金属元素溶出的内在和外在因素。结果表明：(1)煤中的Hg和Cr主要以残渣态存在;Mo主要以残渣态和可氧化态存在;Ni、Cu、Co、Zn和Cd主要以残渣态、可氧化态和弱酸提取态存在;As和Pb主要以残渣态、可氧化态和可还原态存在。(2)各重金属元素的平均溶出浓度从高到低依次为Zn、Cu、Ni、Cr、Co、Mo、As、Cd、Pb、Hg,对应浓度分别为25.73、25.21、18.12、13.22、8.10、4.31、0.77、0.60、0.50、<0.10μg·L^-1。(3)影响煤中重金属元素溶出的内在因素包括元素赋存含量、元素赋存状态和存在形式、煤炭产酸性能、水体Eh值等;外在因素包括氧暴露条件、水-煤相互作用时间等。在内在和外在因素的共同影响下,导致了不同地区煤中重金属元素溶出特征具有较大差异。     

光谱深孔空腔加热载体蒸馏法定量测定化探样品的26项元素

文本叙述了采用深孔空腔电极,以碘化铵饱和溶液为载体的深孔空腔加热载体蒸馏法。此法可同时测定26项元素:Ag、Sn、Ga、In、Ge、Tl、Bi、As、Sb、Cu、Pb、Zn、P、Cd、Li、B、Fe、Co、Ni、Cr、Mn、V、Ti、Be、Ba、Mo。其检出限均满足化探分析要求,单次摄谱均方误差2.2～22.4%。     

新疆东昆仑三岔顶地区水系沉积物地球化学特征及找矿方向研究

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