西安地热田地热弃水回灌数值模拟研究

本文在分析研究西安地热田西南地热开发区的地质构造、热储特征的基础上，首次建立了回灌区地热系统三维数值模型，完成了地热弃水回灌的数值模拟研究，提出地热弃水回灌层位及回灌水量、回灌对热储层渗流场及温度场的影响等。     

西藏羊易地热田采灌井连通性示踪试验

为研究羊易地热田采灌井之间的水力联系和热储层渗流场特征,评价回灌后开采井热储流体温度的变化,在地热田首次运用萘二磺酸钠进行群井回灌示踪试验。示踪试验结果表明,ZK211与ZK203、ZK202与ZK208、ZK202与ZK403之间存在直接的水力联系,回灌水的流速为6. 44～42. 71m/d。地热田热储层渗流场方向与控制地热活动的断裂系统一致,以NNW和NEE为主。开采井温度监测结果显示,在回灌期间ZK203、ZK403井口温度未发生明显变化,而ZK208由于多通道的存在,回灌水快速到达造成热储流体降温。通过示踪试验能够指导地热田开发中回灌系统的布置,优化采、灌井的合理布局。     

雄县地热田示踪试验的解释及分析

雄县地热田在2009--2010年地热回灌期间开展了示踪试验。示踪试验过程中没有从生产井和观测井群所取水样中检测到示踪剂,但是基于生产井和回灌井之间流动通道的若干假设,对示踪剂回收的浓度及峰值的出现时间进行了模拟预测,对通道的流体流速进行了估计。并且运用水平裂隙介质模型对由于长期地热采暖尾水回灌可能引起的热储冷却进行了预测,为回灌井和生产井的合理井间距的选择,提供一定的依据。     

河北平原地热流体可采量计算方法及岩溶热储分布规律研究

随着能源供需矛盾的加剧,河北省地热资源开发利用呈快速增长态势,对地热流体可采量及其计算方法的研究亟待加深。通过实例,采用热储法、解析法、统计分析法和数值模拟4种方法对河北平原区层状热储地热流体可开采量进行了评价和对比; 分析了岩涪热储及资源现状。研究认为: 热储法和解析法适合勘查程度较低、无地热井或仅有少量地热开采井和产能试验数据的地热田,其计算精度较低; 统计分析法和数值模拟法适用于勘查程度较高、已开发利用多年、具有多年动态监测资料的地热田,计算结果可靠程度较高; 地热流体中岩溶热储具有温度高、易回灌、可持续性好等特点,主要赋存于古生界和中新元古界地层中; 岩溶热储被新生界地层覆盖,有利于储集层的聚热和保温; 在基岩隆起带(古潜山)岩溶裂隙发育,构成深部热水储集层,可形成有重要开发利用价值的地热田,是下一步地热勘查和开发的主要热储类型。     

东营市城区馆陶组热储回灌性能分析

东营市城区馆陶组热储为新近系松散碎屑岩层状热储,目前地热资源开采量约95万m3/a,回灌是解决热储压力下降与地热尾水排放对环境造成不良影响的最佳措施,该文采用自然回灌试验方法探讨回灌条件下馆陶组热储的渗透性能,并与德州市城区馆陶组热储压力回灌试验成果进行了对比,对该热储的回灌性能进行了分析,为指导该区地热回灌提供了科学依据。     

东营市中心城区地热田地热回灌可行性分析

利用东营市中心城区鲁班公寓的地热生产井,对新近纪馆陶组和古近纪东营组热储层进行了自然压力条件下的异层和同层回灌试验。结果表明,回灌量与水头升高呈正相关关系,单位回灌量与水头升高呈负相关关系,馆陶组东热2井回灌能力为东营组东热。井的3倍左右。通过对该地热田热储地质条件、回灌能力及地热水开采潜力的分析,认为目前条件下东营城区还不适宜全面推行地热回灌。     

地热对井运行系统中回灌井堵塞原因浅析及预防措施

人工回灌做为提高地热资源利用率、防止地面沉降、减少尾水排放、实现地热资源的可持续利用的最有效手段,已在地学界达成共识。基岩岩溶裂隙型热储对井回灌取得的良好效果使人们看到了回灌技术的广阔应用前景,但有些热储尤其是孔隙型热储回灌量的衰减问题一直未能得到彻底解决,各种因素引起的堵塞是主要原因。本文根据天津市历年的回灌试验,就造成地热回灌堵塞的多种原因进行了分析,并提出了可能的解决办法。     

福州地热田人工回灌模式的探讨

采用人工回灌方法是保持地热田长久不竭,长期利用的必要技术手段,通过运用地热中心带回灌模式对福州地热田进行回灌试验．总结了福州地热田人工回灌特点,并对影响回灌的各种因素进行分析探讨。     

基于等效渗流通道模型的地热尾水回灌理论模型

深层地热能是一种清洁环保的可再生能源,尾水回灌是深层地热可持续开发利用的重要保证,但目前国内地热尾水回灌还处在起步阶段,地热尾水回灌方案优化设计的理论模型尚不成熟。文章结合示踪试验,提出了基于等效渗流通道模型的热储参数反演与开采井热突破预测的完整理论框架。应用多孔介质溶质运移理论,修正了等效渗流通道中的溶质浓度解析解,并联合移动渐近线法提出了热储参数反演理论模型;推导了等效渗流通道中的对流传热解析模型,可对开采井中的水温变化进行预测。依托山东省德州市平原县魏庄社区地热对井示踪试验,应用该理论框架进行了示踪试验反演及开采井热突破预测,并对影响开采井热突破的主要因素进行了敏感性分析。     

天津市雾迷山组热储层温度场动态特征分析

温度是地热流体的一项重要属性,地热流体大规模的开采及回灌是否引起热储温度场变化,导致地热流体温度的降低,一直是地热开发过程中比较关注的问题。雾迷山组热储由于良好的储水和导水条件,是天津市地热资源开发主要的基岩热储层。调查发现:天津市目前有雾迷山组地热井达一百七十多眼,广泛分布于宁河-宝坻断裂以南的平原区,年开采量近两千万方,回灌量近一千万方。基于多年的动态监测成果及物探测井成果,初步探究雾迷山组热储层地温场分布特征以及温度场在地热资源开采和回灌影响下的动态变化特征。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of