输电线路三维模型的构建与数据组织

提出了一种以二维输电线路GIS和DEMs数据为基础,通过三维扩展构建输电线路三维模型的方法;针对虚拟地形环境的特点,采用地形几何与纹理数据一体化组织的策略,以提高实时数据调度的效率。实例证明了该方法的科学性和实用性。     

基于GML3.0与Direct3D的三维地形可视化研究与实现

三维地形可视化是三维GIS中的重要内容,本文分析了当前实现三维地形可视化的主要方法,对地理标记语言GML3·0以及三维图形库Direct3D进行了研究,并提出了利用GML3·0对空间地理数据进行编码以及利用Direct3D显示三维地形的方法,最后基于以上研究成果完成了一个三维地形可视化原型系统应用实例。     

On strategies and automation in upgrading 2D to 3D landscape representations

3D scenes within all media indicate a societal preference shift toward 3D presentations. In spite of wide data availability and successful standardization efforts in 3D modeling, it is not a standard practice to offer large-scale topographic references to the end user in the form of 3D models. This motivates to propose automated strategies for the generation of closed 3D representations of a complete urban landscape, which at the same time account for capabilities of consumer-class devices. The campus of Dresden University of Technology served as a test case. The final appearance of the 3D model will be steered directly by the original geographic information system (GIS) data source. Such a “schematic model” displays source classes and attributes by nonphotorealistic rendering. A tested generic workflow can be presented, which programmatically integrates attributed 2D GIS entities and digital elevation model data, checks for compliancy with consistency rules and generates a slim geometric model. Only detailed GIS references can be considered to allow close-range visualization as needed in virtual walks. In delegating the geometric processing to automated workflows, playing room is gained for as well innovative as expressive texturing and, thus, design of the final 3D model.     

基于Java 3D的地形可视化及关键技术研究

3维地形可视化是科学计算可视化、计算机动画和3维地理信息系统的核心。Java 3D是Java语言的标准扩展,是跨平台的3维可视化编程接口。本文讨论了基于Java 3D技术实现地形的3维可视化及旨在提高渲染速度和提高绘图效率的几种关键技术。     

灾害可视化系统中的二三维联动技术研究

灾情信息的可视化表达是地理信息系统应用于辅助应急救灾工作的一个重要方面。本文将二三维GIS各自的优点整合到一个完整的可视化系统中,并通过一定的联动机制使2者的数据显示与操作同步,着重介绍了二三维联动技术的原理、实现方法等问题,设计了基于二三维混合结构的GIS,同时包含二、三维GIS环境并支持二三维联动模式下的灾情可视化和相关分析工作,最后以巨灾综合信息集成显示系统为例,并给出了二三维联动实现的基本设计方案。     

二三维联动的虚拟校园设计与实现

传统的2维地理信息系统技术成熟但缺乏3维可视化和分析的能力,而目前的3维地理信息系统发展可拥有3维可视化分析能力,然而还缺少2维地理信息系统的便捷。以二三维联动为开发思路的地理信息系统能够解决这对矛盾。本文基于二三维联动GIS的设计方案,以虚拟校园设计与实现为应用实例,利用ArcEngine（AE）实现二三维联动GIS系统的开发设计,对GIS系统的开发做出了一种新的、有益的尝试。     

全球经纬度网格的雷达探测范围真三维建模

针对雷达探测范围会受到复杂地形因素影响,单一地依靠电磁传播模型可视化雷达探测区域很难真实有效地展现电磁覆盖情况的问题,该文提出一种基于GeoSOT-3D空间剖分的雷达探测范围的计算与表达一体化的真三维模型。GeoSOT-3D剖分框架将上至地球50 000km,下至地心的全部地球空间划分成多层次、多尺度空间体元,体元可承载多源异构空间数据。依据GeoSOT-3D的剖分流程,将地形数据、雷达探测空间数据离散化。最后,开发了雷达探测范围可视化验证平台。实验结果表明,该建模方法对复杂的地形适应性强,可视化表现效果真实直观。     

GIS中三维模型的设计

研究了三维GIS中的空间信息传输模式 ,探讨了平面地图符号与三维模型的区别与联系 ,阐述了三维模型的确立、定位、简化描述和逻辑性设计     

高性能GIS动态目标渲染引擎的设计与实现

针对海量动态目标渲染效率较慢的问题,本文研究并设计了基于混合加速的高性能GIS动态目标渲染引擎,并利用SuperMap的组件GIS研发了动态目标渲染引擎原型系统.通过比较不同类型海量空间数据的可视化实验结果表明,本文研究成果在渲染二维和三维空间海量动态目标时,满足GIS高性能可视化需求,可视化效果流畅.     

Web-based visualization of large 3D urban building models

Adaptive rendering of large urban building models has become an important research issue in three-dimensional (3D) geographic information system (GIS) applications. This study explores a way for rendering web-based 3D urban building models. A client–server hybrid rendering approach is presented for large 3D city models, stored on a remote server through a network. The approach combines an efficient multi-hierarchical building representation with a novel image-based method, 3D image impostor generated on demand by a remote server. This approach allows transferring complex scenes progressively while keeping high visualization quality. We also evaluated the rendering and data transferring performance of the proposed approach.     

基于地学信息服务的Internet 3维 GIS：GeoEye 3D

随着Internet、分布式计算以及计算机图形学的飞速发展,开发基于Internet的3维GIS系统已成为可能。这3种技术的有力结合为地学领域开创了一个崭新的时代,促使网络GIS的概念由“地学数据服务”提高到“地学信息处理服务”的新阶段,不仅地学数据,地学信息处理功能也可以分布在基于客户／服务器的架构上,用户可以根据不同的需求“租用”和组合来自于Internet的不同功能。基于这一概念和作者提出的构件注册模型,我们从1998年开始着手研究和开发新一代的Internet 3维GIS：GeoEye 3D。这一系统集成了GIS、3维可视化、分布式计算及网络通信等技术,允许用户通过标准Internet浏览器来应用远程功能对远程和本地数据进行可视化分析。阐述了地学信息处理服务概念和构件注册模型以及GeoEye 3D的系统架构、算法和应用实例。     

基于Java3D的三维专题信息可视化研究

3D技术是当前GIS领域的研究热点之一,虚拟现实技术和三维仿真技术在地理信息系统中的应用使3DGIS的发展成为可能。三维专题信息可视化的研究是三维GIS的一个主要研究方向。文章着重分析了J语言的三维图形解决方案、Java3D语言的主要特性,并采用Java3D语言建立了一个包括三维地理底图和三维专题信息表示的实验系统,并对此进行了总结和展望。     

基于空间数据库VRGIS的研究与应用

结合空间数据库、GIS、计算机图形学、RS等技术构建了虚拟现实地理信息系统。通过研究地形数据的生成及空间数据库的存储管理,实现了遥感影像的自动配准及无缝拼接;基于四叉树的LOD算法、地形节点评价系统、动态调度及大规模纹理映射等技术的研究,实现了地形数据的3维可视化;提出了自适应特征数据覆盖渲染算法,将2维GIS特征数据覆盖叠加到所创建的3维模型上,构建了虚拟现实环境。该系统成功应用于胜利油田,实现了地下油田的虚拟现实3维可视化,具有一定的理论价值和现实意义。     

Cartography-Oriented Design of 3D Geospatial Information Visualization – Overview and Techniques

In economy, society and personal life map-based interactive geospatial visualization becomes a natural element of a growing number of applications and systems. The visualization of 3D geospatial information, however, raises the question how to represent the information in an effective way. Considerable research has been done in technology-driven directions in the fields of cartography and computer graphics (e.g., design principles, visualization techniques). Here, non-photorealistic rendering (NPR) represents a promising visualization category – situated between both fields – that offers a large number of degrees for the cartography-oriented visual design of complex 2D and 3D geospatial information for a given application context. Still today, however, specifications and techniques for mapping cartographic design principles to the state-of-the-art rendering pipeline of 3D computer graphics remain to be explored. This paper revisits cartographic design principles for 3D geospatial visualization and introduces an extended 3D semiotic model that complies with the general, interactive visualization pipeline. Based on this model, we propose NPR techniques to interactively synthesize cartographic renditions of basic feature types, such as terrain, water, and buildings. In particular, it includes a novel iconification concept to seamlessly interpolate between photorealistic and cartographic representations of 3D landmarks. Our work concludes with a discussion of open challenges in this field of research, including topics, such as user interaction and evaluation.     

基于J2EE的分布式Web3DGIS设计与实现

网络3维GIS是近年来GIS领域的研究热点,作为数字城市的支撑技术,已成为当前GIS发展的一个重要方向.本文基于网络3维GIS的研究现状,从3维空间数据标准、网络3维可视化、分布式网络体系结构3个方面进行系统研究,并在此基础上,基于J 2EE设计并实现了一个原型系统,试图克服传统网络3维GIS中的不足.     

GTP-based integral real-3D spatial model for engineering excavation GIS

Engineering excavation GIS (E^2GIS) is a real-3D GIS serving for geosciences related to geo-engineering, civil engineering and mining engineering based on generalized tri-prism (GTP) model.As two instances of GTP model, G-GTP is used for the real-3D modeling of subsurface geological bodies, and E-GTP is used for the real-3D modeling of subsurface engineering excavations. In the light of the discussions on the features and functions of E2 GIS, the modeling principles of G-GTP and E-GTP are introduced. The two models couple together seamlessly to form an integral model for subsurface spatial objects including both geological bodies and excavations. An object-oriented integral real-3D data model and integral spatial topological relations are discussed.     

基于ArcGIS 10的3维地理信息系统应用

随着计算机技术和3维数据获取技术、海量数据动态可视化技术的迅速发展,3维GIS逐步从视觉表现的应用范畴走向专题应用。3维GIS已成为当前GIS界的研究发展方向,应用前景广阔。鉴于此,本文探讨了以ArcGIS 10为基础建立的3维地理信息系统平台的关键技术、系统架构、数据建模,以及实现方法。     

GTP-based integral real-3D spatial model for engineering excavation GIS

Engineering excavation GIS (E2 GIS) is a real-3D GIS serving for geosciences related to geo-engineering, civil engineering and mining engineering based on generalized tri-prism (GTP) model. As two instances of GTP model, G-GTP is used for the real-3D modeling of subsurface geological bodies, and E-GTP is used for the real-3D modeling of subsurface engineering excavations. In the light of the discussions on the features and functions of E2GIS, the modeling principles of G-GTP and E-GTP are introduced. The two models couple together seamlessly to form an integral model for subsurface spatial objects including both geological bodies and excavations. An object-oriented integral real-3D data model and integral spatial topological relations are discussed.     

山西省3维基础地理信息平台设计与实现

实时的3维GIS系统突破了传统的2维GIS软件在实时性、表现手段、仿真分析功能等方面存在无法克服的局限性,提供了强大的实时3维地理数据管理分析、可视化和科学计算功能,支持空间信息查询和属性数据库查询和管理。本文以山西省为例讨论了建立3维地理信息平台的方法和步骤,并提出了一些关键技术的解决方案。     

三维GIS中海量模型调度与存储

城市级三维GIS管理系统需要管理海量的三维模型数据,要想实现高效、稳定的海量建筑模型渲染,需要研究一套行之有效的模型调度方式和数据存储方案。通过总结实际系统建设过程中遇到的各种问题,研究出了使用数据格网调度模型和打包存储模型数据的方法,大幅提高了三维GIS中海量模型的调度效率。