TesTrack随钻测压工具在XX油田K14井的应用

地层压力测试是测井作业非常重要的环节,在研究地层压力剖面、判断流体性质、划分气、油、水流体界面、估算地层渗透率、预测地层产能等方面发挥着举足轻重的作用。BakerHughes公司的TesTrack随钻测压工具在XX油田首次应用,分析了该工具的特点及其应用效果,对该工具的推广应用具有重要的参考和借鉴意义。     

730型波浪潮汐记录仪

该730波浪潮汐记录仪使用一个共振有机硅精密压力传感器,高级的船用软件可为波浪潮汐测量的那些海洋学家、水文学家和测量员提供一种极有功效的工具.     

针对海底斜坡稳定性评价所做的测井、取样以及测试

随着油气田开发活动趋向陆坡发展，对海底斜坡稳定性的评价也在持续增加。准确的稳定性评价需要有一套互相补充、互相参证的原位取样和测试设备。这些设备在工艺和坚固耐用方面都在迅速改进。本文介绍的重点是用于原位孔隙压力消散试验的改进型设备。超孔隙压力可能会导致滑坡。压电探头和辉固孔隙水采样器（FPWS）是井下工具，通常用在深水区测量平衡孔隙水压力。     

300米氦氮氧饱和潜水科学实验获圆满成功

交通部石油部海洋水下工程科学研究院最近成功地进行了300米氦氮氧饱和潜水科学实验,四名潜水员在300米水深压力下停留了七昼夜。实验是5月23日开始的,于6月12日安全出舱。实验包括了潜水生理医学、潜水呼吸器、热水服、水下工具、水下通讯等试验     

河嘉203H含硫水平气井测试工艺实践

河嘉203H井是川东北河坝构造嘉二高压含硫气藏部署的第一口水平井,具有埋藏深、储层压力高、腐蚀分压高、地层易漏失、水平井压井堵漏难度大的特点,通过开展工具优选、管柱结构优化设计、流程优选,并对替浆、放喷油嘴控制及压井等主要工序的施工工艺参数进行研究,形成了河坝嘉二含硫气藏水平井测试工艺技术体系,并在河嘉203H井获得成功应用。     

基于生态系统管理理念在地方海岸带综合管理中的融合与体现

随着经济的发展,越来越多的人在海岸带地区生活和工作,由此带来的一系列资源利用和环境污染问题,也给海岸带带来了巨大的压力,协调海岸带地区经济发展和生态维护之间的关系已成为全球可持续发展的巨大挑战之一.ICM已经成为解决海岸带资源利用与生态环境矛盾的有效工具,而EBM理念的融合对ICM的实施产生了积极的效果.在简要介绍厦门ICM体制的基础上,重点介绍其将EBM理念应用于ICM的具体做法和典型案例.     

基于生态系统服务的海洋健康评估与调控:以莱州湾为例

近岸海域的生态系统管理,要求对海洋健康进行综合的评估以及对人工调控进行科学的指导,进而促进可持续发展。本文构建了定量化方法,用于评估当前的和近期的基于生态系统服务的海洋健康。以莱州湾为例的研究结果表明,当前的海洋健康指数分值为0.7856(总分为1.0);通过对负面压力进行不同强度的人工调控,得到近期海洋健康预计的变化范围为0.5551到0.8041。具体地说,本文评估得到当前的海洋健康主要表现为文化服务和供给服务基本优秀,而支持服务和调节服务不够良好。若不对持续增长的压力采取有效的调控措施,该近岸海域生态系统会在近期丧失部分支持服务和调节服务;若负面压力被完全控制,该近岸海域生态系统服务的分类等级会得到小幅提升。另外,应进一步加强对生态系统服务尤其是文化服务和调节服务的宣传教育。本文的分析过程和量化结果,为进一步指导人工调控提供了灵活的工具,有助于海岸带区域的生态系统管理。     

基于双缸耦合原理的阀控式能量回收系统原理设计与仿真分析

针对小规模海水淡化需要解决能量回收装置的能回效率与空间问题,将能量回收装置与压力提升泵进行集成一体化设计,研究了一种双缸耦合阀控式能量回收系统。系统两液压缸内活塞各由一个电动推杆推动,叠加高压浓海水压力实现压力交换,同时进行活塞推力的耦合控制,避免了压力交换过程中活塞的压力脉冲波动,保障了反渗透膜工作压力稳定;基于小型海水淡化装置,根据压力能流反渗透工艺节点压力流进行了计算分析,得出电动推杆推力压力0.5 MPa左右的补偿压力曲线。通过AMESim进行液压仿真分析,结果表明在系统回收率为30%,高压浓海水进口压力为4.8 MPa,增压海水压力4.6 MPa的情况下,通过压力补充增压海水压力可增压到5.0 MPa,反渗透膜压力与流量波动较小,满足反渗透海水淡化的压力需求。     

遥感技术在热带沿海资源评价和管理方面应用述评

世界人口生活在沿海地区的约占60％,人口对沿海资源所造成的压力与日俱增。在热带发展中国家,海岸带管理作为资源持续开发利用的一种手段,人们越来越迫切地感觉到综合管理手段的必要性。人们普遍认为,资源评价是沿海地区信息通畅管理的基本先决条件。遥感技术由于其对地球大范围观测的能力,因而是资源评价的重要工具,但遥感技术的观测能     

斜坡面波浪冲击力试验研究及现场资料分析

通过莆田试验站实测资料分析和物理模型试验,对单一斜坡护面板的打击力进行了研究,阐述了斜坡上最大相对波压力和波坦、堤坡坡度以及水深的关系,提出了波压力、波压力打击点位置以及波压力沿斜坡分布的计算公式,并给出了不同累积频率下的波压力换算关系。     

高压水射流与潜水员水下作业安全研究

从高压水射流技术在水下工程中应用及高压水射流的作用效应和伤害特征着手,分析影响水下高压水射流作业安全的因素,总结各国制订高压水射流作业的安全标准规程现状,提出制订我国水下高压水射流作业安全规程若干认识和设想。     

On the formulation of a finite element method for the stiffened multi-layered airfoil/hydrofoil structure: Post buckling analysis for the wings of underwater gliders

A finite element method is developed for the stiffened multi-layered airfoil/hydrofoil structure for the large deformation and finite strain problem. The kinematics of the airfoil/hydrofoil is set up. The Consistent Orthogonal Basis Function Space is applied for the airfoil/hydrofoil structure. Given the airfoil/hydrofoil configuration and boundary conditions, the basis function space can be uniquely determined, such that the diagonal mass matrix is obtained accurately and the basis functions are very identical with the mode shape functions of the structure. In order to satisfy the displacement compatibility condition between adjacent layers of the airfoil/hydrofoil, the traction degree-of-freedom is also induced.The post buckling analysis is presented for the wing (hydrofoil) structure of the underwater glider. The water pressure is applied on the outer surface and the critical buckling pressure is calculated. The post buckling equilibrium path is also given. The results are verified with ANSYS. The present study of the buckling analysis of the airfoil/hydrofoil under water pressure is helpful to the design of underwater glider.     

Investigation on the Cavitation Effect of Underwater Shock near Different Boundaries

When the shock wave of underwater explosion propagates to the surfaces of different boundaries, it gets reflected. Then, a negative pressure area is formed by the superposition of the incident wave and reflected wave. Cavitation occurs when the value of the negative pressure falls below the vapor pressure of water. An improved numerical model based on the spectral element method is applied to investigate the cavitation effect of underwater shock near different boundaries, mainly including the feature of cavitation effect near different boundaries and the influence of different parameters on cavitation effect. In the implementation of the improved numerical model, the bilinear equation of state is used to deal with the fluid field subjected to cavitation, and the field separation technique is employed to avoid the distortion of incident wave propagating through the mesh and the second-order doubly asymptotic approximation is applied to simulate the non-reflecting boundary. The main results are as follows. As the peak pressure and decay constant of shock wave increases, the range of cavitation domain increases, and the duration of cavitation increases. As the depth of water increases, the influence of cavitation on the dynamic response of spherical shell decreases.     

基于水声环境空间中多模态深度融合模型的目标识别方法研究

随着对水下目标特性研究的深入和声学探测技术的发展,基于单模态的阵列式信息融合或基于空间信息的分布式信息融合的水下目标识别方法研究已有一定成果,但针对复杂海况导致单一物理场或单一融合层次的系统识别性能提高有限等方面影响的水下目标识别方法研究还有所不足,因此,开展基于多模态深度融合模型的水下目标识别方法研究可利用模态互补,共享信息而提升识别率。文中在国内外研究基础上,深入研究了基于到达时差法和多模态方法组合的检测方法,初步形成了基于水声环境空间中多模态深度融合模型的识别框架,开展了海洋中典型自然与人为事件的信号分析与特征提取,并在此基础上,设计新型基于海底基站的被动识别系统。该系统同步记录和由位置等组成的时间序列标记声、磁和压数据,可实现高精度、高分辨率的识别。本研究可满足未来海洋观测对高性能水下目标探测、定位和跟踪系统的迫切需要,为海洋安全监管、海洋突发事件应急响应等领域提供新的技术手段和科学参考。     

环肋圆柱壳体在水下冲击波作用下的动力弹塑性屈曲

本文以加肋圆柱壳体为对象建立力学模型，在水下爆炸产生的冲击波作用下，考虑流体与结构的耦合效应，研究加肋圆柱壳体的弹塑性失稳变形量及动力响应特性。数值分析显示出的最终变形形状和压力变化过程与实验资料一致的     

基于牛顿力学积分的水下滑翔机群协同控制研究

水下滑翔机是开展海洋无人移动观测的重要平台,其实际航行轨迹往往与预设路径存在较大差异,多台水下滑翔机协同观测时,难以始终保持预设的组网阵列.本研究提出一种基于牛顿力学积分的水下滑翔机群协同控制算法,根据水下滑翔机群出、入水的异步性调节水下滑翔机入水前的运动参数.基于对水下滑翔机受力分析,利用牛顿力学积分还原水下滑翔机在...     

Geoacoustical parameters estimation with impulsive and boat-noise sources

Localization is a crucial issue in underwater acoustics: when an underwater source is detected, the next step consists of localizing it. To do this, environmental parameters must be known or estimated. How can we estimate these parameters? As underwater sources produce low frequency (<100 Hz), most of the seismic processing tools developed by petroleum research can be adapted to estimate geophysical parameters of the sea and the seafloor. To know which methods or representations are useful to estimate geoacoustical parameters, a study of the propagation between an underwater source and receivers laid on the floor is proposed in the case of a real waveguide. Then, geoacoustical parameters are estimated on real data using transformations such as velocity correction or frequency-wavenumber transform. To validate these methods, two wave-propagation simulations using a finite-difference algorithm are made: the first in an environment similar to the model used to estimate geoacoustical parameters and the second in a more realistic environment (with several layers of sediments and variable water layer depth). Geoacoustical parameters are estimated and compared to the values used in the simulation. Finally, impulsive source is replaced by a boat-noise source to show that it is still possible to estimate geoacoustical parameters using noise sources.     

基于北斗定位导航系统的水下监测平台出水报警定位信标机设计与实现

由于海洋内部环境复杂多变,加之渔业捕捞作业范围和深度的逐步扩大,对水下监测平台的安全构成了极大威胁。而且,在水下平台的海上回收作业过程中,恶劣海况、海雾、海面光反射等不利因素无不给回收过程造成很大麻烦,一旦平台浮出海面后漂出视距范围,将面临丢失风险。文中借助北斗定位导航系统,结合压力检测电路,设计并实现了一种可用于水下平台意外出水报警、出水后实时定位的卫星定位信标机系统,经多次应用,证明性能稳定可靠。     

关于提高SSA_2-1型便携式潮位仪精度的研究

SSA_z-1型便携式潮位仪是以计算机控制晶体压力传感器作为水下探头的无井验潮仪,因为探头是放于水下,因此大气压力、水温、盐度、重力加速度、波浪、涌潮、海流等因素的变化都会给潮位测量带来误差,本文论述了上述诸因素给潮位测量带来的影响及提高 SSA_z-1潮位仪精度的措施.     

A pressure tolerant TV camera

The pressure tolerant TV (PTTV) camera is a significant advance in underwater TV cameras. Pressure tolerant means the camera is not protected from the ambient pressure, no matter at what depth it is operating. All the electronics, including the imager, and the lens are exposed to ambient pressure, though protected from the water in a fluid filled case. Though the PTTV camera is small (less than 7.5 cm diameter by 15 cm long), it is but the first step in the evolution of smaller (less than 64 cm³), lighter (less than 100 g), inexpensive underwater TV cameras. The PTTV camera began as a commercial charge-coupled device (CCD) imager TV camera. The electronic components were either modified for operation as pressure tolerant components or replaced with components that were known to be pressure tolerant. A liquid filled housing was fabricated for the camera as was a liquid filled lens. The completed PTTV camera was then tested to a depth of 6500 m and found to operate as well at this depth as at the surface.