塔中北坡顺南5井下奥陶统锶同位素曲线及地层划分

塔中北坡下奥陶统地层划分对深化该区沉积构造演化分析、指导该区下古生界油气勘探具有重要意义。首次利用塔中北坡顺南5井采集的45个下奥陶统锶同位素样品，获得了该井对应深度的锶同位素演化曲线，并与全球早奥陶世海水的锶同位素演化趋势进行了对比，同时根据前人建立的奥陶系87Sr/86Sr比值-年龄数据库换算出了年龄值，从而确定了该井下奥陶统鹰山组与蓬莱坝组的界线应位于井深6 950 m处，为深化塔中北坡下奥陶统地层划分研究提供了参考。      

川西北塔公石英闪长岩地球化学特征和岩石成因

川西北塔公地区位于青藏高原东部,属于松潘—甘孜造山带的东南部边缘。塔公石英闪长岩侵位于晚三叠世地层中,岩体的K-Ar同位素年龄为134~136Ma,形成于早白垩世。岩石SiO2质量分数为61.37%~62.25%,铝饱和指数为0.93~0.95,全碱质量分数为5.46%~5.77%,里特曼指数为1.62~1.74,样品属于亚碱性准铝质高钾钙碱系列石英闪长岩。岩石Mg#值较高,总体具有高Sr含量、低Nd含量的同位素地球化学特征。N(87Sr)/N(86Sr)值为0.712 589~0.713 009,初始N(87Sr)/N(86Sr)值为0.709 503~0.709 878,N(143 Nd)/N(144 Nd)值为0.512 135~0.512 196,εNd(t)值均为负(-8.6~-7.5),Nd模式年龄为1.33~1.41Ga,Hf模式年龄为1.13~1.37Ga。该岩体是早白垩世期间,川西北地区陆缘-陆内造山环境下由松潘—甘孜造山带古老的下地壳镁铁质物质局部熔融形成的晚碰撞-碰撞后非分异Ⅰ型花岗岩类。     

LOWESS在锶同位素地层学中的应用

锶同位素地层学是海相地层定年和全球对比的有效工具。为了建立全球范围的ω(^87Sr)／ω(^86Sr)比值一年龄数据库，就必须对大量的ω(^87Sr)／ω(^86Sr)比值-年龄数据进行拟合，寻找最佳方法用于缩小最佳拟合曲线的区间范围是目前锶同位素地层学所面临的难题之一。在各种统计与拟合方法中，LOWESS(局部加权回归散点修匀法)为研究计算全球标准锶曲线最佳拟合模式提供了一种非参数拟合的精妙方法，拟合得出的最佳曲线能较好地作为海相地层的定年和进行全球对比的基础数据，并具有较高的置信区间。     

高性能、低本底的TaF5发射剂溶液制备与微量样品Sr同位素测量

热电离质谱计为精确测量地质样品的同位素组成提供了前提,然而低的离子化效率常常难以获得低含量样品或微量样品的高精度同位素组成,严重影响测量精度和准确度。发射剂可以有效降低元素的电离电位,提高热电离质谱计的离子化效率,但未纯化的发射剂不可避免引入本底,影响测量结果的准确度。鉴于此,通过制备高效、低本底TaF₅发射剂溶液,提高Sr元素的电离效率,为微量样品Sr同位素组成精确测量提供技术支撑。制备的发射剂溶液经过纯化后,通过测量不同Sr用量的标准Sr溶液(NIST SRM 987)和标准岩石粉末(BCR-2和BHVO-2玄武岩)同位素组成验证其效果和本底。实验结果表明：纯化的TaF₅发射剂溶液具有极低的Sr本底(平均值约为0.02 pg·μL^-1),仅需使用1～2μL发射剂就能有效提高Sr离子化效率,且在测量过程中保持稳定的离子信号强度;微量的标准Sr溶液和标准岩石粉末⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr值的测量结果均落在推荐值范围内,满足纳克/亚纳克级样品Sr同位素测量的精度和准确度要求。这一高效、低...     

杭州市区土壤铅、锶同位素示踪研究

测定了杭州市区主要街道及火电厂、居民密集区土壤的铅、锶同位素组成，并与杭州燃煤和汽车尾气的同位素组成进行对比，探讨土壤铅的来源及受大气铅污染的状况。研究结果表明，除火电厂及民用锅炉附近的土壤，其铅、锶同位素组成接近煤的同位素组成外，交通密集区土壤的铅同位素组成完全落在汽油铅范围内。土壤的铅、锶同位素组成可以示踪大气铅污染对环境的影响。     

吉辽徐淮地区新元古代形成时代及地层划分对比研究

吉辽徐淮地区新元古代地层划分对比目前没有统一的方案。许多研究者从Sr同位素、C同位素、地质事件、古地磁和古生物等方面对吉辽徐淮地区新元古代地层的形成时代和地层对比进行研究,并提出了各自的地层划分方案,该文探讨了寻找标志性的生物化石,采集更多Sr,C的同位素数据,开展区域性的地质调查,进行地层划分对比的重要性,同时指出这也是今后研究的重点方向。     

稳定锶同位素在海洋地球化学循环中的研究进展

非传统稳定锶同位素（δ８８／８６Ｓｒ）的研究近年来已取得了较大的进展，其主要研究内容集中在讨论稳定锶同位素在海洋地球化学中的应用，主要包括以下几个方面:稳定锶同位素（δ８８／８６Ｓｒ）在自然界主要储库中的组成、显生宙海水δ８８／８６Ｓｒ的变化规律和海洋中锶同位素系统平衡的评估。海水中的锶同位素组成在显生宙发生过较大的变化，通过对海洋锶同位素体系对各输入和输出通量组成动态变化的响应评估表明，现代海洋锶同位素体系处于不平衡状态，这一现象被归因于冰期后的风化顶峰尚未结束。联立放射性锶同位素８７Ｓｒ／８６Ｓｒ和稳定同位素δ８８／８６Ｓｒ所建立的完整的锶同位素体系相较传统放射性锶同位素８７Ｓｒ／８６Ｓｒ能够对海洋锶地球化学循环的动态过程进行更好的评估，在海洋地球化学相关领域具有广阔的应用前景。      

大别造山带宿松地体早白垩世中——基性脉岩地球化学特征

大别造山带是三叠纪华南陆块俯冲于华北陆块之下所形成的陆-陆碰撞造山带,在早白垩世发育强烈的碰撞后岩浆作用。侵位于宿松群高压变质岩石中的大量中—基性脉岩是认识大陆板块深俯冲过程的壳幔相互作用和折返过程中岩石圈构造响应的重要载体之一。报道了有关宿松地体中—基性脉岩的岩石学和地球化学研究结果,探讨了其成因特征和源区演化。结果表明:中—基性脉岩总体具有安粗岩的性质,主量元素含量变化较大,SiO2质量分数介于48.45%~61.37%,偏基性脉岩具有偏高的MgO、Cr、Ni含量;所有脉岩样品的微量元素和稀土元素组成均一,大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素相对富集,重稀土元素和高场强元素亏损;脉岩样品都具有相对富集的同位素组成特征,包括较高的初始N(~(87)Sr)/N(~(86)Sr)值(0.706 3~0.710 9),较低的εNd(t)值(-22.7~-15.1);初始Pb同位素比值也相对偏低,初始N(~(206)Pb)/N(~(204)Pb)值为15.858 5~17.196 7,初始N(207Pb)/N(~(204)Pb)值为15.207 2~15.332 1,初始N(~(208)Pb)/N(~(204)Pb)值为36.814 4~37.633 8,这些特征暗示岩浆源区具有扬子板块下地壳物质的显著贡献。总之,中—基性脉岩具有高Sr含量和低Y、Yb含量,与埃达克质岩组成类似,可能指示宿松地体早白垩世中—基性脉岩的形成与增厚的造山带岩石圈拆沉及其和地幔的相互作用有关。     

沂水县富锶地下水特征及成因分析

沂水县富锶(Sr)地下水分布广泛,白垩纪沂南序列侵入岩的锶(Sr)含量最高,平均含量1013.64×10^-6,其次为白垩纪火山岩,锶(Sr)平均含量为739.18×10^-6,太古代侵入岩、变质岩中的锶(Sr)平均含量为398.99×10^-6,寒武-奥陶纪灰岩、页岩中的锶(Sr)平均含量为201.54×10^-6;碎屑岩类孔隙裂隙水含水岩组地下水锶(Sr)平均含量为0.99mg/L,喷出岩孔洞裂隙水含水岩组地下水锶(Sr)平均含量为0.95mg/L,碳酸盐岩裂隙岩溶水含水岩组地下水锶(Sr)平均含量为0.76mg/L,块状岩类(侵入岩)裂隙水含水岩组地下水锶(Sr)平均含量为0.48mg/L。碎屑岩类孔隙裂隙水含水岩组、喷出岩孔洞裂隙水含水岩组、块状岩类(侵入岩)裂隙水含水岩组地下水中锶(Sr)主要来源为围岩的风化溶解;碳酸盐岩裂隙岩溶水含水岩组地下水中锶(Sr)主要来源于沂南序列构造破碎带和风化带的风化溶解,其次为寒武-奥陶纪灰岩的风化溶解,锶(Sr)强变异性与不同含水层地下水的混合比例有关。     

南秦岭胭脂坝花岗岩成因:锆石U-Pb年龄、地球化学和Sr-Nd-Pb同位素的制约

秦岭造山带广泛发育新元古代、古生代、早中生代和晚中生代岩浆作用,是长期复杂造山作用的结果。胭脂坝花岗岩岩体出露于南秦岭宁陕地区五龙岩体群的最东部,是南秦岭早中生代花岗岩的重要组成部分。5个花岗岩样品的锆石U-Pb定年结果分别为(202.9±3.5)、(201.0±3.0)、(202.1±2.6)、(200.4±5.4)、(~(205).5±3.3)Ma,平均年龄为(201.9±1.5)Ma,属于早中生代五龙岩体群岩浆作用中晚期的产物。岩石地球化学成分显示该岩体的主体为黑云母花岗岩,具有高硅、富碱的地球化学特征,富集大离子亲石元素,亏损高场强元素,属于弱过铝质、高钾钙碱性岩石系列。初始Sr同位素组成为0.704 31~0.706 78,ε_(Nd)_(t)值为-5.2~-2.0,初始Pb同位素组成相对高,(N(~(206) Pb)/N(~(204) Pb))_(t)=17.737~18.191,(N(~(207) Pb)/N(~(204) Pb))_(t)=15.511~15.574,(N(~(208)Pb)/N(~(204)Pb))_(t)=37.439~38.071。较高的放射性成因Pb同位素组成说明胭脂坝岩浆源区具有扬子地块的属性;初始Sr同位素组成和ε_(Nd)_(t)值随着SiO2含量的升高呈现出线性变化趋势,说明胭脂坝花岗质岩浆在上升侵位过程中存在围岩物质的同化作用;结合与新元古代火山沉积岩(如耀岭河群、武当群、碧口群)相似的初始Sr-Nd同位素组成,推测胭脂坝岩体的岩浆源区主要是具有扬子地块属性的新元古代地壳物质。     

晚泥盆世大陆风化作用增强及其海洋环境效应:来自华南碳酸盐岩锶同位素的制约

上泥盆统弗拉斯阶和法门阶界线附近发生了大规模的生物灭绝, 其起因被认为是植物登陆导致的陆地化学风化作用加强及其引起的海洋水体缺氧所致, 但其直接证据还比较缺乏。运用广西地区广泛发育的浅海碳酸盐岩中锶元素(Sr)和同位素(87Sr/86Sr)、铀钍比值(U/Th)记录, 探究了从中泥盆统到下石炭统的陆地化学风化速率及海水氧化还原条件的变化。研究结果表明, 在晚泥盆世(法门阶早期)陆地化学风化作用加强, 导致海水中Sr浓度升高, 及更富集重的Sr同位素组分; 低的U/Th比值也显示该时期水体缺氧严重, 海水中U元素被还原到沉积物中, 导致海水中的U浓度降低。陆地表面化学风化的加强对晚泥盆世海洋水体氧化还原条件的波动以及海洋生物的灭绝有重要影响。      

100Ma来海水的锶同位素组成演化及主要控制因素

讨论了100 Ma以来海水锶同位素比值的变化趋势及控制因素。100~40 Ma期间,海水锶同位素比值有多次升降,总体上变化幅度较小;40 Ma以来,海水锶同位素比值显著增加,并呈现出单调上升的总体特征。100 Ma以来海水锶同位素的变化主要可能与星外物体对地球的撞击作用;全球海平面变化及洋中脊扩张速度的改变;喜马拉雅—青藏高原的隆升;玄武岩喷发和冰川作用因素有关。在各种因素中,喜马拉雅—青藏高原的隆升对40 Ma以来海水锶同位素演化具有最重要的控制作用。喜马拉雅—青藏高原的隆升可能始于40 Ma左右,隆升速度最快的时期在20~15 Ma。     

Geochemical characteristics and sedimentary environment significance of carbonate rocks in Nanfen Formation of Qingbaikou System in Tonghua,Jilin Province

In order to reveal the sedimentary environment of carbonate rocks in Nanfen Formation of Qingbaikou System in Tonghua, Jilin Province, the mineral composition and petrochemistry of carbonate rocks in Nanfen Formation were analyzed. The mineral compositions of five carbonate rock samples in Nanfen Formation mainly consist of calcite, with minor clay minerals and quartz, and the rock type is siliceous marlite. The Mn/Sr va-lues range from 1.52 to 4.08, with an average of 2.64, indicating that the carbonate rocks experienced weak diagenesis; the Sr/Ba values range from 1.26 to 2.51, with an average of 1.93, indicating marine environment; the ratio of Mg/Al ranges from 35.33 to 86.34, with an average of 62.95, indicating the seawater environment, which is consistent with the result from Sr/Ba; the MgO/CaO values range from 0.01 to 0.04, with an average of 0.02, indicating humid environment; the values of V/(V+Ni) range from 0.63 to 0.73, with an average of 0.70, indicating anoxic environment. In summary, geochemical analyses show that the Nanfen Formation carbonate rocks are marine deposits, in a warm, humid, anoxic environment with poor flow of seawater, and subsequently underwent weak diagenetic alteration.     

Elemental and Isotopic Signatures in the Sediments Influenced by Seal Excrement on Antarctic Fildes Peninsula and Their Po- tential Paleoecological Applications

The elemental and isotopic signatures in the sediments influenced by seal excrement on Antarctic Fildes Peninsula are examined for their potential palaeoecologlcal applications. The seal hair abundance in sediments exhibits remarkable fluctuation versus depth, indicating similar changes in historical populations of the seals visiting the marine terrace. The combination of δ^13 C, total organic carbon concentration （TOC）, total nitrogen concentration （TN） and atomic C/N ratio shows that the organic matters in sediments with numerous seal hairs have a marine origin and are predominantly derived from seal excrements. The large δ15 N values in sediments are attributed to trophic enrichment and NH3 vollatilization processes. The large variations in the δ^15 N values and the negative correlation between the δ15 N values and the seal hair abundances seem to be the results of changes in the paleoclimates and the volatilization rates of the ammonia produced in the seal excrements. The 87 Sr/86 Sr ratios in the acid-soluble fraction of sediments are interpreted as a mixture of the ones from the seal excrements （30%-50%） and the chemically weathered local bedrocks （70%-50%）. The calculated proportion of seal-derived Sr based on the ^87 Sr/^86 Sr ratios has a significant correlation with seal hair abundances in sediments. These results suggest that δ15 N values and the ^87 Sr/^86 Sr ratios in the acid-soluble fraction of sediments were influenced by seal excrements, similar to seal halt numbers, and thus can potentially be used to estimate the historical seal population in the Antarctic region.     

Clay minerals and geochemistry of the bottom sediments in the northwestern East China Sea

Clay minerals of 34 sediments collected from the northwestern continental shelf of the East China Sea have been determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. The clay mineral distribution is mainly controlled by the sediment source and the dominant circulation pattern. The predominant clay mineral in our study area is illite comprising more than 67% of the whole clay fraction. The highest concentration of illite (>68%) is found in the southeastern offshore parts beyond the reach of terrigenous input from the Jeju Island. It means that these illites are largely transported by the Kuroshio Current from the South China Sea (SCS). Smectite is highly concentrated in the northwest middle part and in the outer-shelf mud patch. It seems to be due to the high supply of smectite transported from China where fine-grained sediments are discharged from modern and ancient Huanghe (Yellow) River. The relatively high abundant kaolinite is likely derived from the Changjiang (Yangtze) River via the Taiwan Warm Current. In contrast, large amounts of chlorite and high chlorite/kaolinite ratios occur in the northwestern area, reflecting the transportation by the Yellow Sea Coastal Current from the southern Yellow Sea. The discrimination diagrams clearly show that the sediments in the northwestern East China Sea are ultimately sourced from Chinese rivers, especially from the Huanghe River, whereas the sediment in the northeast part might come from the Jeju Island. The muddy sediments of the Changjiang River’s submerged delta have much lower 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.716 2–0.718 0) than those of the Shandong Peninsular mud wedge (0.721 6–0.724 9), which are supposed to be originated from the Huanghe River, suggesting the distribution pattern of 87Sr/86Sr ratios as a new tracer to discriminate the provenance of shelf sediments in the study area. The 87Sr/86Sr ratios of the outer-shelf muddy sediments ranged from 0.7169 to 0.7216 in a wide range and was between those of the Huanghe River and Changjiang River sediments, suggesting multiple sources of the sediment in the area.     

大巴山早寒武世黑色岩层稀土元素特征及沉积环境分析

为了探讨大巴山早寒武世黑色岩层的稀土元素特征及古沉积环境,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)对大巴山城巴断块内的水井沱组黑色岩层的稀土元素及V、Ni、Cr、U、Th、Zn、Co等微量元素质量分数进行了测定,并与前人研究的鲁家坪组黑色岩层进行了对比分析。研究结果表明,城巴断块内的黑色岩层轻稀土元素相对重稀土元素富集,Ce异常值δCe_N为0.47~0.94(平均值0.69),δCe_S为0.46~0.91(平均值0.67)呈负异常,Eu异常值δEu_N=0.27~1.03(平均值0.57),δEu_S=0.42~1.57(绝大多数小于0.87),δEu基本呈现负异常;U/Th比值为2.52~67.51,Sr/Cu比值为5.83~27.96,V/(V+Ni)比值为0.65~0.98,V/Cr比值为1.35~17.79及δU值为1.77~1.99,结合REE的北美页岩标准化曲线、La-Ce图解、Zn-Ni-Co三角图解及La/Yb-REE判别图解的分析表明,大巴山城巴断块内的早寒武世黑色岩层沉积时所处的古气候为干热型气候,黑色岩层形成于被动大陆边缘的缺氧浅海陆棚-斜坡过渡带的沉积环境,且明显受到热液作用的影响。      

Geochemical Constrains on MORB Composition and Magma Sources at East Pacific Rise Between 1?S and 2?S

The East Pacific Rise(EPR)is a typical fast spreading ridge.To gain a better understanding of the magmatism under ridges,Mid Ocean Ridge Basalts(MORBs)with remarkably heterogeneous compositions are obtained from(EPR)1?–2?S and multielement geochemical and radioisotope analyses are conducted.Results show that these MORBs have wide variation ranges in trace element concentrations and isotopic ratios.Sample 07 has low concentrations of incompatible elements,and very low ~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr,and high ~(143)Nd/~(144)Nd from 0.70213 to 0.702289 and 0.513234 to 0.513289,respectively.However,other samples show enrichment in incompatible elements to varying degrees,and medium values of ~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr and ~(143)Nd/~(144)Nd from 0.702440 to 0.702680 and 0.513086to 0.513200,respectively.This study proposes that one depleted source and two enriched sources contribute to the formation of MORBs from EPR 1?–2?S.Samples 02 and 10 are formed by mixing between one enriched source and one depleted source,while sample 07 is crystallized from the depleted source with no mixing process involved.However,the formation of samples 06 and 11are different,and thus further research is required to determine genesis.     

淄博市淄川区饮用天然矿泉水赋存条件与形成机理研究

淄博市淄川区饮用天然矿泉水按照含水层性质可划分为松散岩类孔隙水、碳酸盐岩类裂隙岩溶水和岩浆岩类构造裂隙水3大类。区内29眼井泉监测点饮用天然矿泉水检测结果显示,研究区存在锶型、锂型和锶锂复合型3种类型矿泉水。从水岩作用角度分析了矿泉水中锶和锂的来源,认为研究区广泛分布寒武纪碳酸盐岩,石灰岩尤其是鲕状灰岩中丰富的锶元素,是锶矿泉水形成主要的物源条件之一;地下水沿灰岩裂隙岩溶运动为矿泉水的形成创造了重要的水动力条件;研究区腐殖质经低矿化近中性的大气降水淋滤后,形成富含腐殖酸的偏酸性溶液入渗地下,对地下岩层产生溶解、溶滤作用,随着溶解过程的进行,岩石中的锶元素大量进入地下水中。     

The Cretaceous of the Eastern Bangong-Nujiang Suture Zone (Tibet):Tectono-Sedimentation

1IntroductionThe Tibet plateau consists of terranes which were accreted in a southward-younging succession from Late Permian to Mid-Eocene (Dewey etal., 1988; Mattern etal., 1998; Mattern and Schneider, 2000). The Songpan-Ganzi terrane was accreted to the Kunlun during Late Permian along Kunlun-Qin-ling suture. The Qiangtang block was added onto the Songpan-Ganzi terrane at the Jinsha suture dur-ing Late Triassic-Early Jurassic. The Lhasa block became attached to the Qia…