浙江璜山金矿床同位素地球化学研究

本文根据最新获得的两组矿石和含矿石英中流体包裹体的Ｒｂ－Ｓｒ等时线年龄数据和初始锶同位素组成及２１个新测定的矿石、石英及围岩（石英闪长岩）的铅同位素组成，讨论了璜山金矿床的成矿时代、矿床成因及物质来源等问题。 矿石及成矿流体包裹体的年龄分别为３５８±２２Ｍａ和３９６．９±３４．５Ｍａ，表明成矿时代为海西期，与该地区韧性剪切带形成时代（３２５～３９９Ｍａ）一致。初始锶同位素比值低，在０．７０４０～０．７０４２范围内，落在玄武岩（地幔锶）区内，且铅同位素具低μ值特征，落在岛弧铅与地幔铅演化曲线之间，说明成矿溶液及成矿物质均来自上地幔或下地壳源区，同时，矿石铅同位素组成与围岩（幔源型石英闪长岩）铅同位素一致，表明二者在来源上关系密切。     

浙江主要金银矿床的成矿时代和同位素地球化学

应用Rb-Sr等时线法测定了浙江3种不同类型的金、银矿床（璜山金矿、治岭头金银矿、毫石银矿）的成矿时代。璜山金矿床的年龄为358Ma～397Ma，治岭头金银矿床的年龄为127Ma～165Ma，毫石银矿床的年龄为104Ma。3个矿床的铅、锶同位素组成有显著差别，反映了3个矿床的不同来源和成因。璜山金矿床具有低初始锶比值和低μ值或低放射成因铅，主要来自上地幔源区；治岭头金银矿床具高初始锶比值和高μ值或高放射成因铅，以上地壳来源为主；毫石银矿床的铅、锶同位素比值介于上述两者之间，为壳幔混合来源。特征的铅同位素组成可以用作寻找不同类型矿床的标志。     

稳定锶同位素在海洋地球化学循环中的研究进展

非传统稳定锶同位素（δ８８／８６Ｓｒ）的研究近年来已取得了较大的进展，其主要研究内容集中在讨论稳定锶同位素在海洋地球化学中的应用，主要包括以下几个方面:稳定锶同位素（δ８８／８６Ｓｒ）在自然界主要储库中的组成、显生宙海水δ８８／８６Ｓｒ的变化规律和海洋中锶同位素系统平衡的评估。海水中的锶同位素组成在显生宙发生过较大的变化，通过对海洋锶同位素体系对各输入和输出通量组成动态变化的响应评估表明，现代海洋锶同位素体系处于不平衡状态，这一现象被归因于冰期后的风化顶峰尚未结束。联立放射性锶同位素８７Ｓｒ／８６Ｓｒ和稳定同位素δ８８／８６Ｓｒ所建立的完整的锶同位素体系相较传统放射性锶同位素８７Ｓｒ／８６Ｓｒ能够对海洋锶地球化学循环的动态过程进行更好的评估，在海洋地球化学相关领域具有广阔的应用前景。      

桐木沟热水沉积铅锌矿床同位素地球化学特征

本文探讨了东秦岭桐木沟热水沉积铅锌矿床中碳、氧、硫、锶和铅等同位素的地球化学特征。结果表明:碳、氧和硫分别源于海相碳酸盐和海水硫酸盐;铅和锶源于基底地层。     

广西芒场锡多金属矿田稳定同位素组成对矿床成因探讨

笔者曾对广西芒场锡多金属矿田的稳定同位素进行研究。本文根据硫、铅、氢、氧、碳等稳定同位素组成和锶的初始值提供的信息.探讨了矿床成因。并结合矿田矿床地质特征、控矿条件及有关统计参数,参考前人对矿床认识的基础上,修正提出了该矿田混合热液成矿模式,可供类似矿床研究和找矿的参考。     

四川西部西康群新都桥组碳酸盐岩的锶同位素特征

四川西部松潘—甘孜地区广泛分布一套三叠系黑色砂板岩层系,由于其岩性单调、古生物化石贫乏,给该区地层划分、对比带来极大困难。因此,从锶同位素地层学基本原理出发,对甘孜北部西康群新都桥组中薄层状灰岩样品进行了锶同位素组成测定。结果表明,6件样品的N(87Sr)/N(86Sr)分别为0.708688、0.708659、0.708907、0.708223、0.708341、0.708266,平均为0.708514。表明该地层的碳酸盐岩样品可能遭受了不同程度的成岩蚀变,多数样品的锶同位素组成偏离同时代的全球海水锶同位素组成。     

山东省栖霞地区金矿稳定同位素特征及其地质意义

本文研究了栖霞地区金矿床的硫、氧、铅等稳定同位素组成特征，指出区内金矿的成矿物质主要来源于胶东群地层，成矿热液是以变质热液为主、有岩浆热液和大气降水参与的混合热液；成矿温度在１６０℃—３０５℃范围内，属中低温热液矿床。金矿床的铅—铅模式年龄为８００．１—１２００．８８Ｍａ。     

辽宁省金矿床铅同位素组成特征及其地质意义

根据40多个金矿床近200件铅同位素组成数据讨论了辽宁省主要金矿化集中区不同类型金矿床铅同位素组成特征。辽西地区不同类型金矿床铅同位素图解上呈线性排列构成二次等时线或混合线。线金厂、下大堡和五龙金矿田等各自集中分布形成独立的等铅域。而猫岭等浊积岩建造金矿床则具有正常铅同位素组成,故其模式年龄可以代表成矿年龄。除个别矿床外,辽宁省多数金矿球矿石铅及与其有关花岗岩类岩石铅皆源自再活化的下地壳或者为下地壳和上地幔的混熔产物。     

广西大瑶山西侧层控矿床稳定同位素特征

本文通过对大瑶山西侧成矿带泥盆系层控矿床中的铅、硫、碳、氢、氧等稳定同位素组成特征研究,探讨了本区成矿物质的来源和含矿溶液性质。认为,铅主要源于上地壳泥盆系—寒武系岩石,后生阶段有部分印支—燕山期幔源铅(基性岩)加入:重晶石硫源于寒武—泥盆纪海水硫酸盐,而硫化物矿物硫源于细菌还原海水硫酸盐成的H_2S;矿物包裹体流体水的氢、氧同位素组成说明后生期含矿热液属于大气降水深循环形成的热囱水,部分碳、氧同位素组成反映了成矿带北段可能有岩浆期后热液的叠加。据此,将本区划为前泥盆纪、泥盆纪、印支期等三期成矿作用,形成了成岩、成岩—后生和后生层控矿床系列,具有多源、多期、多阶段特点。     

100Ma来海水的锶同位素组成演化及主要控制因素

讨论了100 Ma以来海水锶同位素比值的变化趋势及控制因素。100~40 Ma期间,海水锶同位素比值有多次升降,总体上变化幅度较小;40 Ma以来,海水锶同位素比值显著增加,并呈现出单调上升的总体特征。100 Ma以来海水锶同位素的变化主要可能与星外物体对地球的撞击作用;全球海平面变化及洋中脊扩张速度的改变;喜马拉雅—青藏高原的隆升;玄武岩喷发和冰川作用因素有关。在各种因素中,喜马拉雅—青藏高原的隆升对40 Ma以来海水锶同位素演化具有最重要的控制作用。喜马拉雅—青藏高原的隆升可能始于40 Ma左右,隆升速度最快的时期在20~15 Ma。     

Source of and potential bio-indicator for the heavy metal pollution in Ny-(A)lesund, Arctic

Three kinds of tundra plant samples including Dicranum angnstum(a type of boreal bryophyte) , PuccineUia phryganodes (a type of fringy p/ant),Salix polaris (a type of vascular plant) and surface soil were samples in 200 at Ny-Alesund of the Arctic.The levels of eight heavy metal elements (Hg, Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn, Ni, Fe and Mn) and three metal-like dements (As, Se, Sr) in the plant and soil samples of the areas within previous coal mining activities are significantly higher than those of other areas.The relative accumulation of these elements in these tundra plant samples is consistent with the one in the soft samples, especially in the areas affected by previous coal-mining activities.Thus, the pollution is apparently from local coal mining activity.Dicranum angustum has the highest concentrations among those elements, and it can be a good bio-indicator for heavy metal pollution in Ny(A)lesund.Though Ny(A)lesund is less polluted by heavy metal than nearby Northern European human living areas, but much more than the tundras of the Alaska, Greenland and the Antarctic.     

泗顶—古丹铅锌矿田铅同位素组成特征及其地质意义

笔者根据泗顶—古丹铅锌矿田矿石铅同位素组成特征,并结合矿田成矿地质背景,探讨其地质意义。研究结果表明:方铅矿的铅同位素组成特征随硫同位素组成特征和矿化场所的变化而变化,铅同位素组成模式年龄依矿田出现的地质事件可分两组(410—600Ma,180—260Ma),并可建立起二源线性混合方程,因此,成矿物质来源具两源性。故认为泗顶——古丹铝锌矿田的硫化物矿床,成矿物质来源于加里东运动褶皱基底轻微变质的寒武系和盖层泥盆系,含矿溶液是赋存于该两个地层中的地下水混合产物,即二源地下水混合成矿作用结果。     

Effect of lead on cytoskeletal protein stability in crucian carp Carassius auratus

Inorganic lead (Pb) is one of the most common environmental pollutants. Much evidence indicates that Pb exposure could directly affect fish growth and development. In this study, we investigated the cytotoxic effects of Pb on cytoskeletal protein stability at both protein and mRNA level in crucian carp Carassius auratus. Pb(NO3)2 treatment in concentration of 100 μmol/L resulted in decreased expression of both α- and β-tubulin but γ-tubulin as assayed with SDS-PAGE, Western Blot, and ELISA. In vivo and in vitro analyses on protein expression of tubulins are consistent. The effect of Pb on mRNA expression varied among different tissues. Our results suggest that cytotoxicity of Pb at protein translation level is stronger than at mRNA expression level.     

DISTRIBUTION OF LEAD IN URBAN SOIL AND ITS POTENTIAL RISK IN SHENYANG CITY, CHINA

1INTRODUCTION The ubiquitous distribution and known toxicity of lead pollution in urban environment are posinggreat concern, in term of human health and environment (JULIE and ALEX, 2001). In recent years various human activities, such as automobile exhaust, waste disposal, paint, lead smelting and refining, battery disposal, as well as coal and fuel combustion have implied notable contributions to the increase of environmental lead concentration (SUTHERLAND et al., 2003). Pb is an…     

扬子板块北缘马元铅锌矿床有机地球化学特征及成矿作用

近年来,有机质与金属成矿关系研究备受关注。扬子板块北缘马元矿床铅锌矿体分布与古油藏、沥青在空间上叠置,是探索有机质与铅锌成矿关系的理想地区。矿区发育分散有机质、沥青、气态烃类等不同赋存形式的有机质,生物标志化合物特征明显,以低碳数正构烷烃为主,具浅海环境藻类来源特征,均处于过成熟演化程度。沥青²⁰⁶ Pb/²⁰⁴ Pb值为17.946~18.071,207 Pb/204 Pb值为15.593~15.703,²⁰⁸ Pb/²⁰⁴ Pb值为37.812~38.072,Pb模式年龄为612~478 Ma,结合油-源对比结果,沥青主要来源于下寒武统郭家坝组烃源岩,郭家坝组烃源岩经历了较强的还原环境和缺氧的高盐度环境。各类有机质C同位素组成一致,δ¹³ C值为-35.3‰~-31.4‰,与区内闪锌矿流体包裹体中甲烷、乙烷等C同位素一致,显示有机成因碳典型特征。综上所述,马元铅锌矿床成矿与有机质关系密切,古油藏热裂解和热化学硫酸盐还原(TSR)作用提供了还原硫,富含Pb、Zn的盆地卤水与富含CH₄、H₂S的有机还原性流体混合是其重要成矿机制。     

Tracing environmental lead sources on the Ao mountain of China using lead isotopic composition and biomonitoring

Atmospheric lead(Pb) and other trace metals can transport over long distance and deposit on remote alpine ecosystems. In this work, the soil profiles, litter and dominant mosses along a large altitude were collected on Ao Mountain, Central China, to obtain the spatial distributions of Pb in these materials, decipher the possible factors controlling the distribution, and quantitatively distinguish the natural versus anthropogenic sources of Pb through the Pb isotopic tracing and biomonitoring. The results show that soil Pb concentrations(mg/kg) decreased significantly with depth, and they were markedly higher in the O(42.6± 2.7) and A(36.4 ± 2.2) horizons than in the litter(7.20 ± 1.9) and mosses(28.0 ± 3.9). The Pb enrichment in the surface soils(O and A horizons),litter and mosses existed in the relatively high altitudes, which was attributed to the influences from atmospheric wet deposition, plants, soil physicochemical properties and human activity. ThePb isotopic ratios identified the Pb sources as originating mainly from Chinese coal combustion,mining and smelting. Atmospheric Pb from southeastern, southwestern and northwestern regions could be deposited in the alpine ecosystem by long distance atmospheric transport. The anthropogenic Pb reached over 50% in the O and A horizons, and over 70% in the litter and mosses, which corresponded to the concentrations of 26.9, 17.7, 5.92 and 21.2 mg/kg, respectively. The results indicate that the mutual effects of climate and regional human activity could increase the Pb accumulation in remote alpine ecosystems.     

Pb Isotope Compositions of Shibaqinghao Gold Deposit in Central Inner Mongolia, China

1ＧｅｏｌｏｇｉｃＳｅｔｔｉｎｇＳｈｉｂａｑｉｎｇｈａｏｇｏｌｄｄｅｐｏｓｉｔｉｓｓｉｔｕａｔｅｄｉｎｔｈｅｗｅｓｔｅｒｎｐａｒｔｏｆｔｈｅｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎｍａｒｇｉｎｏｆｔｈｅＮｏｒｔｈＣｈｉｎａＣｒａｔｏｎ .ＩｔｉｓｃｏｎｔｒｏｌｌｅｄｂｙａｎＥ -ＷｔｒｅｎｄｉｎｇｔｅｃｔｏｎｉｃｚｏｎｅｔｈａｔｉｓｌｏｃａｔｅｄｉｎｔｈｅｍｉｄｄｌｅｕｎｉｔｏｆＤｏｎｇｗｕｆｅｎｚｉＧｒｏｕｐ ,ｗｈｉｃｈｃｏｎｓｉｓｔｓｏｆａｓｅｑｕｅｎｃｅｏｆｇｒｅｅｎｓｃｈｉｓｔ -ｆａｃｉｅｓｍｅｔａｍｏｒ ｐｈｉｃｒ…     

Pb Isotope Compositions of Shibaqinghao Gold Deposit in Central Inner Mongolia, China

There are two types of gold ore in Shibaqinghao gold deposit, a mylonite ore and a quartz - vein ore. Pb isotope compositions for mylonite ore are characterized by lower Pb isotope ratios ranging from 16.63 to 17.45 (206Pb/204Pb), 15.31 to15.48 (207Pb/204pb), 36.52 to 38.85 (208Pb/204Pb). They are scattered very close to a model curve of the mantle evolution. These ratios suggest that gold in the mylonite ore might be derived from the country rocks, which originated directly in the upper mantle. Pb isotope compositions for quartz - vein ore are characterized by higher Pb isotope ratios ranging from 18.23 to 19.74 (206Pb/204Pb), 15.69 to 15.89 (207Pb/204Pb), 38.64 to 40. 13 (208Pb/204Pb). They are scattered very close to a model curve of the upper crustal evolution. These facts indicate that the gold in the quartz - vein ore might be related to some granitic magma generated in the crust.