湖南天明金矿区云斜煌斑岩年代学、同位素地球化学及成矿意义

湖南安化天明金矿区的勘查工作中，岩芯揭露隐伏云斜煌斑岩。为探讨脉岩与成矿关系，对云斜煌斑岩开展岩石学、LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学、全岩主微量元素和Sr-Nd同位素组成研究。结果显示，云斜煌斑岩遭受强烈的碳酸盐化蚀变；成岩时代不早于104 Ma，可能是晚燕山期华南构造–岩浆事件的响应；(418.79±1.57)Ma与(2 506±14)Ma两组谐和年龄分别记录了志留纪扬子地块华夏诸岛弧陆弧碰撞以及太古宙地壳初始大规模增生，表明基底物质来源于上述2次地质事件。云斜煌斑岩属高钾钙碱性系列，轻稀土元素(LREE)富集、重稀土元素(HREE)亏损，具有明显的Eu负异常和Ce正异常；大离子亲石元素和高场强元素亏损，相容元素含量高；全岩ε_Nd(t)=-8.28～-7.61表明壳幔混源；认为云斜煌斑岩由地幔岩浆在源区残留角闪石、钛铁矿和/或金红石，经历以斜长石为主的分离结晶，并受地壳混染，最终在近EW向断裂中侵位形成。对比湘中地区脉岩，赋矿地层，地壳Au、Sb含量，暗示脉岩与锑可能具有深部同源性，天明矿床具有锑成矿潜力。     

东坑-菖蒲地区燕山晚期脉岩地球化学特征及其成因

本文以东坑-菖蒲地区发育的燕山晚期脉岩为对象,阐述了其岩石学和地球化学特征,并结合脉岩产出的大地构造背景,对其成因进行探讨。认为中基性脉岩为岩浆快速上升侵位所形成,其岩浆来源于地幔混染端员,源区受到富集地幔流体的交代作用;酸性脉岩具A2型花岗岩特征,岩浆源区较深,以地壳组分为主,受到富集地幔组分混染;推测该区部分铀成矿流体和成矿物质来源于地幔或下地壳。     

闽西晚中生代基性岩脉稀土元素地球化学特征

幔源基性脉岩是源于地幔的基性岩浆充填先存破裂或区域性节理形成的,为岩石圈伸展和地壳拉张的产物,对研究深部地幔性质和大陆动力学演化具有重要的指示意义[1～4].研究区位于政和-大浦断裂带的西部,断裂带以西地区主要为早、中侏罗世的壳源型S花岗岩类,晚侏罗世以来的岩浆活动比较弱,岩浆侵入和火山活动有局限性.因此,闽西基性脉岩的研究对探讨内陆地区岩浆活动规律和构造演化有重要的意义.本文以闽西基性脉岩(半村辉绿岩脉、拔里角闪辉长岩脉、曹坊辉绿岩脉)为研究对象,利用稀土元素对基性脉岩的形成机制做了初步的讨论.     

大兴安岭北部扎兰屯脉岩群的地球化学特征及其地质意义

在内蒙古扎兰屯东侧出露一群中性岩脉,产在晚石炭世扎兰屯花岗岩体中,脉岩岩性为闪长玢岩,似斑状结构,斑晶为斜长石、碱性长石、角闪石、辉石和石英,基质为细粒状的上述矿物及玻璃质。其锆石 U-Ph LA-ICP-MS 谐和年龄为120.6±4.7Ma,基质~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar 坪年龄为122.2±0.6Ma,侵位时代可确定为早白垩世。脉岩的 SiO_2含量为56.88%～61.69%,Al_2O_3含量为15.83%～19.29%,全碱含量较高,为5.32%～8.37%。稀土元素总量为121.4×10~(-6)～144.1×10~(-6),轻重稀土分馏系数较大,(La/Yh)_N 值为6.24～10.40。富集大离子亲石元素(LILE),亏损重稀土元素(HREE)。δEu 表现为弱的负异常(0.92～0.79)。在同位素地球化学方面,具有正的ε_(Nd)(t)值( 3.06)和较低的初始~(87)Sr/56 Sr 值(0.7047～0.7053);岩石铅同位素均一,具幔源特征。综合考虑脉岩年代学和地球化学研究结果,本文认为研究的脉岩形成于伸展背景下重熔的新底侵玄武质下地壳的岩浆侵入作用。     

沂沭断裂带中生代青山群火山岩地球化学特征及其岩石成因

以沂沭断裂带安丘地区中生代青山群火山岩为研究对象,在进行系统的元素-同位素分析的基础上,探讨其岩浆源区和岩石成因。安丘火山岩SiO2含量变化于56.5%~65.8%,主要为高钾钙碱性系列岩石,岩石组合为英安岩和粗面安山岩;安丘火山岩富集大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素,亏损高场强元素,显示富集但变化范围较大的Sr-Nd同位素组成((~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)t=0.708 7~0.710 7,εNd(t)=-13.7~-5.93)。综合分析表明,安丘火山岩为大陆下地壳物质经拆沉作用于地幔环境中发生部分熔融作用,与上地幔岩石发生交代作用后进入地表形成,且其源区中可能有软流圈物质的加入。     

藏南夏瓦地区基性脉岩锆石U-Pb定年、地球化学特征及地质意义

西藏夏瓦地区位于特提斯喜马拉雅构造带中东部,广泛发育大量近东西向的基性脉岩,这些基性脉岩对于研究该区域地质构造演化具有重要的意义。本文对夏瓦地区基性脉岩开展了系统的岩石学、年代学、地球化学等研究。夏瓦基性脉岩的岩石类型以辉绿岩和辉长玢岩为主。锆石U-Pb年代学揭示基性脉岩结晶年龄为146～145 Ma。夏瓦基性脉岩具有低SiO₂(47.20%～50.54%)和高Mg~#值(39.78～53.79)特征,富集Ti、Fe、P元素,属碱性系列,富集轻稀土元素(LREE),高场强元素(Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf、Th)相对富集,显示出似OIB的地球化学特征,指示夏瓦基性脉岩来源于软流圈地幔的部分熔融,形成于大陆边缘裂谷背景下。结合区域大火成岩省基性岩的发育,认为夏瓦地区基性脉岩是大陆边缘裂谷背景下Kerguelen地幔柱作用的产物。夏瓦基性脉岩的结晶年龄虽然早于Kerguelen地幔柱活动的峰期(132 Ma),但可能属于地幔柱峰期之前的小规模岩浆活动。     

赣杭构造带中西段中生代基性脉岩地球化学特征

赣杭构造带中西段发育的基性脉岩以辉绿岩为主,SiO2质量分数为46.88%~53.69%,从西段至中段总体显示亚碱性至碱性的变化规律。微量元素相对富集大离子亲石元素(LILE)和轻稀土元素(LREE),亏损高场强元素(HFSE)和重稀土元素(HREE)。稀土元素总量具有明显的规律性分布,即呈中段(广丰)—中西段交接部(余江、东乡)—西段(永丰、峡江)的递减趋势。西段永丰地区有明显的负Eu异常。Sr、Nd同位素变化比较大((87Sr/86Sr)i为0.704 635~0.708 769,(143Nd/144Nd)i为0.512 173~0.512 758,εNd(t)为-6.8~ 5.6),暗示其源区具有明显的不均一性。具体表现为中西段结合部(东乡、余江)及西段(峡江)为亏损地幔,而西段(永丰)和中段(广丰)为偏向EMⅡ型富集地幔来源。基性脉岩总体表现为地幔部分熔融的产物,西段(永丰)受到较明显的分离结晶作用影响。在古太平洋板块俯冲影响下产生的弧后拉张作用以及造成的构造带重新活化作用对基性脉岩的形成产生了重要影响,地区间岩石地球化学特征上的差异主要与流体对岩浆源区交代程度的不同有关。     

桂东北煌斑岩地球化学特征及其成因研究

桂东北煌斑岩SiO2含量主要在33.74%～48.14%之间,属基性-超基性范围,为钙碱性岩系、钾质-超钾质煌斑岩;地球化学表明,桂东北煌斑岩以富集大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素,而亏损高场强元素(Ta-Nb-Ti)为特征,轻、重稀土具有较好的分馏.结合元素地球化学和地质发展史研究表明,桂东北煌斑岩为富含稀土元素的俯冲带流体交代过的富集地幔部分熔融所产生的岩浆.在上升过程中受到部分地壳混染的产物.     

松辽盆地南部哈达山附近青山口组二、三段泥岩的岩石学与地球化学特征

以松辽盆地哈达山青山口组二、三段泥岩盖层为研究对象,通过岩石学和地球化学相结合的方法,对泥岩样品中常量元素和稀土微量元素特征进行了研究,结果表明:(1)泥岩稀土元素(∑REE)总量较高(104.99×10~(-6)~281.88×10~(-6)),∑LREE/HREE比值较高(6.50~9.96),REE配分模式显示轻稀土元素富集而重稀土元素亏损,Eu(0.88~1.16)存在负异常等特征;(2)物源区母岩类型主要为沉积岩和中基性火山岩,源岩的钾交代作用成因可能为黏土矿物中的伊蒙混层转化为自生伊利石;(3)物源区泥岩修正后的CIA值(44.75~72.24)较低,暗示物源区经历了弱风化作用,Sr/Cu指标显示物源区长期受干热型气候控制。     

河北下堡基性岩墙地球化学特征及源区性质

通过对河北后城基性岩墙进行系统研究,SiO2=47.07％～50.28％,(Na2O+K2O)在2.83％～3.75％之间变化.具有明显的轻稀土元素富集 ((La/Yb)N=4.40～4.86)和大离子亲石元素(Rb、Th和U等)富集现象,亏损高场强元素Nb和Ta.地球化学特征表明,岩墙产于板内拉张的构造环境,经过了橄榄石、单斜辉石、角闪石和黑云母等矿物的分离结晶作用.对La/Sm、Ta/La、Nb/La的分析表明,本区岩浆在上升过程中受到地壳物质的混染作用影响不明显,岩墙的源区与深俯冲作用引起的地幔交代作用有关.通过对微量元素及稀土元素比值的研究证明,基性岩墙源区为过渡型地幔源区,岩墙的母岩浆来自石榴子石二辉橄榄岩地幔,主要经历了石榴石+尖晶石二辉橄榄岩部分熔融,熔融程度在10％～20％之间,岩浆的起源深度在75kin左右.     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of