滇西梁河勐养花岗闪长岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄、地球化学特征及其构造意义

勐养花岗闪长岩体位于滇西腾冲地块梁河县南勐养镇一带。用LA-ICP-MS技术测得花岗闪长岩锆石U-Pb年龄为115.2±1.0Ma,该年龄被解释为花岗闪长岩的形成年龄,表明该区花岗闪长岩体的形成时代为早白垩世。岩石地球化学特征表明,花岗闪长岩中SiO_2含量为62.39%~67.97%,Na_2O+K_2O为6.26%~7.80%,K_2O为1.98%~4.11%,具有贫钾(K_2O/Na_2O值为0.45~1.11)、低P2O5(0.09%~0.38%)的特征;MgO为1.78%~1.98%,Mg~#为34.90~48.40,属于准铝质-弱过铝质钙碱性系列。微量元素具有相对富集大离子亲石元素(U、Th、Rb、Ba)、亏损高场强元素(Tb、Nb、Zr、Hf)的特点。该花岗闪长岩具有I型花岗岩的特征,同时兼有S型花岗岩之特点,具有明显的岩浆混合作用特征。岩石具有岛弧或活动陆缘岩系的微量元素分布特征。地球化学特征和微量元素构造判别图解揭示,勐养早白垩世花岗闪长岩形成于碰撞后岩浆弧环境。花岗闪长岩为幔源岩浆与高黎贡山群古老地壳部分熔融的岩浆混合的产物。该区早白垩世花岗闪长岩是腾冲地块早白垩世侵入岩与班公湖-怒江-泸水-瑞丽洋盆的闭合、洋壳向南西俯冲及板块间的碰撞造山作用的产物。     

胶东型金矿：与壳源重熔层状花岗岩和壳幔混合花岗闪长岩有关的金矿

胶东型金矿是与壳源重熔形成的层状岩浆活动和壳幔混合岩浆活动有关的金矿床,由于成矿时所处构造位置和容矿构造不同而表现为不同的类型,涵盖破碎带蚀变岩型、石英脉型等胶东地区所有金矿床类型。玲珑花岗岩是壳源物质长期处于高温高压下且熔融形成的多物质来源层状岩体,其析出的高温碱性热液溶解金等成矿物质形成初始含矿热液。岩体抬升过程中在其边部往往容易形成拆离带,在岩体中形成脆性断裂构造,均为成矿结构面。后期壳幔混合成因的郭家岭花岗闪长岩,侵入于玲珑层状花岗岩中并一起隆升,使郭家岭花岗闪长岩附近区域的成矿结构面进一步扩大,矿液浓度进一步增大,当上升到特定深度时形成金矿体。玲珑花岗岩和郭家岭花岗闪长岩共同构成成矿地质体,重熔的玲珑层状岩体是成矿基础地质体,郭家岭花岗闪长岩加强了金矿的成矿作用。该认识对开辟胶东新的找矿思路和找矿靶区有很好的指导作用,据此初步预测新的大型拆离带是金矿集中成矿区域,可能成为将来有望取得重大突破的矿集区。     

东天山石炭纪—二叠纪花岗质侵入岩的地球化学及地质意义

东天山吐哈盆地南缘至喀拉塔格—星星峡地块,晚古生代花岗质侵入岩岩石类型主要有花岗闪长岩、二长花岗岩、石英闪长岩、石英二长闪长岩。岩石地球化学特征表明：Si O2质量分数为57.3%~77.76%,全碱（K2O＋Na2O）质量分数为4.14%~10.49%,Ca O质量分数为0.49%~6.56%,Al2O3质量分数为11.39%~14.76%,铝饱和指数（A/CNK）为0.77~1.04,属于高钾钙碱性系列—钾玄质系列的准铝质花岗岩。稀土总量较高且轻稀土富集,富集Rb、Th、U、K、Pb,而亏损Nb、Ta、Ti、P,无明显负Eu异常。区域构造背景、岩石学和地球化学特征综合分析显示,东天山石炭纪—二叠纪花岗质侵入岩,是后碰撞构造演化阶段岩浆活动的产物,主要由幔源岩浆底侵引起的地壳物质部分熔融所形成的钙碱性花岗闪长质岩浆经高度演化及分异结晶作用而成。     

西藏冈底斯带查隆花岗岩地球化学特征、锆石U-Pb年龄及其成矿意义

查隆花岗岩位于中冈底斯带火山岩浆弧,主要岩性为黑云花岗闪长岩、花岗闪长岩,其中中细粒花岗闪长岩锆石~(206)Pb/~(238)U年龄为89.88±0.55Ma(95%置信度,n=24,MSWD=0.43),中粒黑云花岗闪长岩锆石~(206)Pb/~(238)U年龄为86.6±1.0Ma(95%置信度,n=30,MSWD=0.64)。岩石化学特征表明,查隆花岗岩为高钾钙碱性的偏铝质I型花岗岩,稀土元素配分曲线呈右倾型,岩浆经过一定程度的分异;微量元素Ti、Nb、P相对亏损。该岩体为雅鲁藏布江洋壳单向俯冲作用的结果,形成于火山弧环境,为具有壳幔混合特征的中酸性岩浆的产物。与该岩体密切相关的查隆磁铁矿成因类型为矽卡岩型-热液叠加改造型,与区域上发现的矿床有极其相似的成矿地质背景。     

青海刚察大寺地区花岗岩类LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

应用LA-ICP-MS分析了青海刚察大寺地区花岗闪长岩和花岗岩锆石U-Pb同位素年龄,获得了花岗闪长岩的2期侵入年龄,花岗闪长岩10CL008样品谐和曲线年龄为254.8Ma±2.0Ma(N=13,MSWD=0.87),属于二叠纪;花岗岩10CL003样品谐和曲线年龄为236.3Ma±2.4Ma(N=13,MSWD=0.48),属于三叠纪。地球化学特征表明,花岗闪长岩和花岗岩分别属于钙碱性和高钾钙碱性过铝质岩,原始岩浆结晶分异作用由弱到强;稀土元素方面,二者的(La/Yb)N值分别为2.23~10.38和4.52~14.98,分馏程度由弱到强;具有Nb、P、Ti负异常和Ba正异常,显示出岛弧岩浆或活动大陆边缘岩浆的特征。综合研究表明,刚察大寺古生代花岗岩具有岛弧或活动大陆边缘花岗岩的属性,与板块的俯冲作用有关;中生代花岗岩继承了古生代花岗闪长岩的地球化学特征,岩浆物质成分以中上地壳为主,形成于早期深部幔源物质,与能量向上侵入下地壳过程中的重熔作用密切相关。     

胶东地区郭家岭岩体岩石构造组合特征及地质意义

通过对前人就郭家岭花岗岩构造地质学、岩石化学、同位素年代学等地质信息资料的分析、研究,认为胶东地区郭家岭花岗闪长岩一花岗岩总体上归属于幔源岩浆与壳源岩浆混合后经分异作用而成的同熔深成型花岗岩类;主要形成于由洋壳俯冲引起的火山岛弧环境、大陆碰撞环境和弧后拉张性质的大陆边缘环境;其定位机制为：沿着NEE向挤压带从小面积到大面积频率式脉动或涌动热轻气球膨胀式定位;该岩石构造组合主体形成于早白垩世。从岩石构造组合的概念,将其定义为造山中期郭家岭弱片麻状花岗闪长岩～花岗岩组合。     

胶东地区郭家岭花岗闪长岩的地球化学特征及成因

本文系统地报道了郭家岭花岗闪长岩的主量元素、微量元素和Sr-Nd同位素组成,重点讨论了郭家岭花岗闪长岩的岩石成因、成岩物质来源及其地质意义.研究结果表明,郭家岭花岗闪长岩的SiO2含量从62%至72%,Na2O/K2O=0.64-1.79,多数样品大于1.0;K2O+Na2O值为7.34-8.49%,铝指数A/CNK=0.82～1.1,属于准铝质或过铝质Ⅰ型花岗岩;高Sr含量(Sr＞800μg/g)、低Y和Yb含量(Y＜10μg/g;Yb＜1.0μg/g)、轻重稀土分馏强烈(LaN/YbN=17.4～47.8);这些地球化学特征类似于adakite、太古代TTG岩系、Na质花岗岩及HiSrBa花岗岩而不同于岛弧环境的英安岩.高的初始87Sr/86Sr比值(0.7094～0.7114),负的δNd(t)值(-11.2～-17.5),表明花岗闪长岩与adakite、HiSrBa花岗岩的成因不同而类似于Na质花岗岩和TTG岩系,即郭家岭花岗闪长岩是由下部地壳镁铁质岩石脱水部分熔融作用形成的.Nd同位素与胶东地区基性脉岩的Nd同位素组成相近,表明二者有可能具有相似或相同的源区.但基性脉岩出露面积明显小于花岗岩,二者之间存在着SiO2成分间隔,并且基性脉岩的不相容元素明显高于花岗闪长岩,从而表明花岗闪长岩不是基性脉岩结晶分异的产物,这与由幔源岩浆直接分异形成的高Sr、Ba花岗岩(HiSrBa)的成因不同.因此,花岗闪长岩有可能来源于早先与脉岩源区相似的基性岩浆底侵作用而形成的下地壳镁铁质岩石.其地球化学特征表明母岩浆在岩浆演化过程中经历了少量地壳混染作用.Mg#＞50的岩石具有高Sr、Sr/Y、La/Yb等地球化学特征,表明岩浆形成时源区残留相中含有密度较大的石榴石,从而可能引起下地壳物质及岩石圈地幔的拆沉.这对研究胶东地区地区乃至中国东部在中生代期间岩石圈强烈减薄作用的机制和过程具有重要的地质意义.     

皖南宁国-旌德一带花岗岩地球化学特征及成因

宁国—旌德一带有大量花岗岩分布,岩石类型较简单,主要为花岗闪长岩,少量似斑状花岗闪长岩和似斑状二长花岗岩。锆石U-Pb年龄显示花岗岩为燕山早期侵入的产物。岩石化学、地球化学表明,岩石为高钾钙碱性系列岩石,由部分熔融作用形成,源岩以壳源物质为主。花岗岩的形成可能与太平洋板块向欧亚大陆板块俯冲作用有关。     

西藏八宿吉利地区新发现寒武纪变质花岗岩锆石U-Pb年龄、地球化学特征及其地质意义

八宿吉利地区寒武纪变质花岗岩位于曲扎湖-提卡一带,主要由变质二长花岗岩和变质花岗闪长岩组成。这一新发现对于认识和恢复原特提斯构造历史演化具有重要意义。锆石CL图像显示变质花岗岩锆石为岩浆成因。锆石LA-ICP-MS测年得出片理化变质二长花岗岩年龄为503.7±4.7Ma、变质花岗闪长岩年龄为494.7±3.4Ma,表明该岩体形成时代属于寒武纪。通过岩石地球化学分析,变质二长花岗岩SiO2含量介于69.87%~79.89%之间;变质花岗闪长岩SiO2含量介于66.63%~70.15%之间。前者Al2O3含量变化于12.36%~14.82%,Na2O含量为2.54%~7.16%,K2O含量为0.15%~5.95%,K2O/Na2O=0.02~2.34;后者Al2O3含量变化于14.66%~15.41%,Na2O含量为3.60%~5.63%,K2O含量为0.77%~2.78%,K2O/Na2O=0.14~0.77,属于钙碱性-碱性过铝质花岗岩。在侵入岩构造环境Rb-(Y+Nb)判别图解、Rb-(Yb+Ta)判别图解中,样品均落入“火山弧花岗岩”区域中,表明其形成于大陆边缘火山弧环境。结合锆石测年结果及区域地质背景分析,认为吉利地区变质花岗岩形成于冈瓦纳大陆裂离卡穷微陆块阶段,同时表明原特提斯洋形成最早时限可追溯至寒武纪。     

冀东分水岭岩体锆石U-Pb年代学、地球化学特征及地质意义

冀东分水岭岩体位于马兰峪隆起西段,为复式岩体,其岩性为花岗闪长岩和黑云母二长花岗岩,花岗闪长岩呈带状环绕黑云母二长花岗岩分布,锆石U-Pb定年揭示其年龄分别为157.4±2.7Ma和162.0±4.0Ma。花岗闪长岩的SiO_264.50%~65.56%,K_2O+Na_2O 7.24%~7.70%,K_2O/Na_2O 0.58~0.67,A/CNK0.91~0.97,呈高硅富钾,属准铝质高钾钙碱性系列,为I型花岗岩;而黑云母二长花岗岩SiO_273.25%~74.56%,K_2O+Na_2O 7.22%~8.58%,K_2O/Na_2O 0.86~1.04,A/CNK 1.09~1.24,较花岗闪长岩更富硅、钾,为过铝质高钾钙碱性系列,属成熟度不高的A型花岗岩。两者稀土配分曲线呈右倾型式,具稀土总量较低,轻重稀土分馏明显,微量元素均亏损Nb-Ta、Zr-Hf,显示以壳源成分为主,具幔源混染特征。花岗闪长岩具弱Eu正异常,且富集Sr,源区深度较大;而黑云母二长花岗岩具Eu负异常,亏损Sr,源区有少量斜长石残留。岩体形成与太平洋板块俯冲构造背景密切相关,为中生代构造转换体制的产物。     

七宝山早白垩世火山岩地球化学特征及其构造意义

七宝山晚中生代火山岩位于郯庐断裂带山东段管帅盆地东缘,出露于青山群八亩地组中.本文通过对火山岩样品TYS48和TYS52中锆石LA-ICP MS U-Pb测年,获得其年龄分别为120.1±0.6 Ma和118.5±1.1 Ma,显示该区火山岩为早白垩世岩浆活动的产物.研究区火山岩SiO2含量为56.02％～66.45％...     

Geochemical studies of Sr-Nd-Pb-Hf isotopes on the Guojialing granite suite: Implications to region Au mineralization in the Jiaodong ore-cluster region

Based on the systematic elemental and isotope geochemical study on the Guojialing granite that is closely related to the gold mineralization in the Jiaodong ore-cluster region, further understandings have been made regarding its genetic mechanism, source material and gold mineralization conditions of the Guojialing granites. The (⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_i values of Guojialing granite range from 0.7106 to 0.7120, and the εNd(t) from −18.1 to −13.2, respectively, which are similar to the initial SrNd isotopic compositions of those Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous granites widely distributed in the Sulu orogenic belt, indicating similar sources of these intrusions in both Jiaodong and Su-Lu regions. The values of (²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb)_i and(²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb)_i of Guojialing granite are from 17.158–17.316, 15.453–15.478, respectively, indicating that the source of granites could be originated from mantle mixed with orogenic belt. The zircon Hf isotope of the Guojialing granite is decoupled from the Nd isotope of the whole rock, it has a zircon Hf model age(1979–3202 Ma) older than the full-rock Nd model age (1928 Ma). Compared to the full-rock Nd model age, the zircon Hf model age provides a more reliable age of crust-mantle differentiation and crust formation, suggesting that there is extensive crust deep-melting in the source area before the granitic magma activity, which was accompanied by strong Sm/Nd differentiation. Guojialing granite has similar characteristics to adakite, indicating that garnet is an important residual phase during magma formation. The formation of the Guojialing granite magma may be the partial melting of lithospheric mantle and thickened lower crust under eclogite facies, mixed with significant Neoarchaean crust or even Linglong granites when the magma upwelling. The Guojialing granite has high zircon Ce⁴⁺/Ce³⁺ ratios with the average values of 1151.7 and 811.4 respectively, indicating that the Guojialing granite was formed in a high oxygen fugacity environment, where sulfur is mainly present in the form of SO or SO₂, which prevents the immiscibility of sulfides in the magma and avoids the removal of the sulfide metal elements. With crystallization differentiation, high oxygen fugitive magma will become a magma-hydrothermal fluid which is rich in sulfide metal elements, providing favorable material and environmental conditions for gold mineralization, thus favorably formed such giant gold deposit.     

内蒙古四子王旗东八号中新世含深源捕虏体富钾橄榄玄武岩的发现及其意义

内蒙古四子王旗东八号地区最近发现含有深源捕虏体的富钾橄榄玄武岩。玄武岩为灰黑色致密块状,以富碱(K2O+Na2O5．91％～6．47％)、高钾(K2O2．82％～3．12％)和较高的钛(TiO2 2．22％—2．36％)为特征,属钾玄岩系列,全岩K—Ar年龄为21．9±1．7Ma。捕虏体主要为尖晶石二辉橄榄岩、二辉橄榄岩等。根据矿物平衡温压计算表明：捕虏体形成温度为1100—1250℃,压力为1．7—2．0GPa,应源自于岩石圈地幔。四子王旗橄榄玄武岩较高的TiO2和K2O,暗示其岩浆可能源于幔柱作用。推测华北板块北缘自中生代开始可能受到来自深部的幔柱作用,大量上升的岩浆因受到阻挡而保留在岩石圈底部,底侵作用和部分继续上升的岩浆,将岩石圈地幔的捕虏体携出地表。     

青藏高原北羌塘榴辉岩质下地质及富集型地幔源区——来自新生代火山岩的岩石地球化学证据

利用岩石地球化学的方法，研究了北羌塘新生代火山岩，结果表明，北羌塘第三纪火山岩可区分为碱性（钾玄岩质）和高钾钙碱两套不同的火山岩组合，它们分别起源于一个特殊的，不均一的富集型上地幔和一个加厚陆壳的榴辉岩质下地壳，由于青藏陆块之下软流层物质的上涌而形成幔源碱性岩浆活动，而幔源岩浆在Mobo面的底侵作用又为下地壳中酸性高钾钙碱系列火山岩的起源提供了热动力条件，该区两套不同系列和源区类型的火山岩正是在这种特殊的构造环境中形成。     

黑龙江黑河地区早白垩世火山岩岩石地球化学特征及其构造环境意义

黑龙江省黑河地区广泛发育侏罗-白垩纪火山岩,但是该火山岩的岩石组合、成因和所表征的大地构造环境目前有很大的争议。本文对该套火山岩开展详细的岩石学、岩石地球化学等研究。该火山岩形成于早白垩世,主要以安山岩英安岩流纹岩为主,包含英安岩、安山岩、粗面岩、流纹岩、安粗岩、玄武安山岩、粗面英安岩、钾玄岩、歪长粗安岩,因此属于弧火山岩的组合。该区火山岩主要为亚碱性系列,岩石Na2O/K2O比值一般>1.2。A/CNK在1附近,为准铝质过铝质岩石。SiO2 TFeO/MgO图上既有钙碱性系列(包括低铁钙碱性系列),又有拉斑系列。SiO2 K2O图上主要为中钾钙碱高钾钙碱系列。SiO2 (Na2O+K2O-CaO)图上主要为钙碱系列、碱钙系列和碱性系列,在SiO2 MgO图中主要落入实验玄武岩的局部熔融范围和镁安山岩系列范围。痕量元素蛛网图显示富集大离子亲石元素,K、La、Zr、Hf、Tb、Tm为峰,亏损Nb、Ta、Ti、Y、Yb等高场强元素。稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分模式为缓右倾型的模式,轻稀土相对富集,重稀土内部分馏不明显,具有微弱负Eu异常。大部分岩石具有高Sr低Y的特征,其中一些岩石具有adakite岩的特征。上述特征均指示弧火山岩的特征。结合构造环境判别认为该火山岩形成于与洋俯冲有关的环境。推测岩浆可能的源区为俯冲的洋壳、上覆的地幔楔、兴安弧的下地壳。     

东天山星星峡缝合带早古生代强过铝质花岗岩的研究及其地质意义

铅炉子过铝质花岗岩带发育于中天山岛弧带南缘的星星峡缝合带内, 为一长条形的二云母花岗岩。岩体地球化学特征是高Si、Al和K, 低Mg、Fe的组份, 全碱含量中等, σ=174～19, K2O>Na2O, A/CNK>11, 属于高钾钙碱性过铝质花岗岩类（SP）。岩体的CaO/Na2O和 Al2O3/TiO2比值都相对较低, 分别为（006～007）和（489～553）; REE、Nb、Y含量和Rb/Sr、Rb/Ba比值相对较高; Rb、Th和LREE相对富集, Ba、Si、Eu、Ti、P和HREE相对亏损; εHf(t)=-23～+16表明岩体还具有较高的锆石同位素特征, T2DM变化范围为1 573～1 329 Ma。 这些地质学和地球化学研究表明铅炉子二云母花岗岩形成于后碰撞的伸展环境中, 是在高温、中低压条件下发生重熔形成的, 其源岩为古老的地壳物质和年轻的增生物质通过物理风化作用形成泥质岩。本文通过测年获得二云母花岗岩锆石LA ICPMS年龄为4445±22 Ma, 表明铅炉子过铝质花岗岩形成于晚奥陶世, 是中天山岛弧带和公婆泉岛弧带的碰撞时间的上限, 它也是中天山岛弧带与公婆泉岛弧带碰撞造山作用的产物, 是中亚增生造山带的增生方式之一。     

SHRIMP Zircon U-Pb Chronology and Geochemistry of the Henglingguan and Beiyu Granitoids in the Zhongtiao Mountains, Shanxi Province

Henglingguan and Beiyu metamorphic granitoids, distributed in the northwest of the Zhongtiaoshan Precambrian complex, comprise trondhjemites and calc-alkaline monzogranites, displaying intrusive contacts with the Archean Zhaizi TTG gneisses. And the Beiyu metamorphic granitoids consist mainly of trondhjemites, distributed at the core of the Hujiayu anticline fold. New SHRIMP zircon U-Pb dating data show that the weighted mean ^207pb/^206pb ages are 2435.9 Ma and 2477 Ma for the Henglingguan metamorphic calc-alkaline monzogranites and Beiyu metamorphic trondhjemites, respectively, and reveal -2600 Ma inherited core in magmatic zircons. Whole-rock geochemical data indicate that all the Henglingguan and Beiyu metamorphic trondhjemites and calc- alkaline monzogranites belong to the metaluminous medium- and high-potassium calc-alkaline series. These rocks are characterized by relatively high total alkali contents （Na2O＋K2O, up to 9.08%）, depleted Nb, Ta, P and Ti, and right-declined REE patterns with moderate to high LREEs/HREEs fractionation （the mean ratio of （La/Yb）n = 25）. The Henglingguan and Beiyu metamorphic trondhjemites display negative Rb, Th and K anomalies in the multi-dement spider diagrams normalized by primitive mantle. Sm-Nd isotopic data reveal that these granitoids have initial εNd（t） =-1.2 to ＋2.4 and Nd depleted mantle model ages of TMD = 2622 Ma-2939 Ma. All these geochemical features indicate that these granitoids were formed in an continent-marginal arc, and the trondhjemites mainly originated from partial melting of juvenile basaltic materials and, howbeit, the Henglingguan metamorphic calc-alkaline monzogranites derived from recycling of materials in the ancient crust under a continent-marginal arc. The granitic magma underwent contamination and fractional crystallization during their formation.     

Neoproterozoic calc‐alkaline peraluminous granitoids of the Deleihimmi pluton,Central Eastern Desert,Egypt: implications for transition from late‐ to post‐collisional tectonomagmatic evolution in the northern Arabian–Nubian Shield

The widely distributed late‐collisional calc‐alkaline granitoids in the northern Arabian–Nubian Shield (ANS) have a geodynamic interest as they represent significant addition of material into the ANS juvenile crust in a short time interval (∼630–590 Ma). The Deleihimmi granitoids in the Egyptian Central Eastern Desert are, therefore, particularly interesting since they form a multiphase pluton composed largely of late‐collisional biotite granitoids enclosing granodiorite microgranular enclaves and intruded by leuco‐ and muscovite granites. Geochemically, different granitoid phases share some features and distinctly vary in others. They display slightly peraluminous (ASI = 1–1.16), non‐alkaline (calc‐alkaline and highly fractionated calc‐alkaline), I‐type affinities. Both biotite granitoids and leucogranites show similar rare earth element (REE) patterns [(La/Lu)_N = 3.04–2.92 and 1.9–1.14; Eu/Eu* = 0.26–0.19 and 0.11–0.08, respectively) and related most likely by closed system crystal fractionation of a common parent. On the other hand, the late phase muscovite granites have distinctive geochemical features typical of rare‐metal granites. They are remarkably depleted in Sr and Ba (4–35 and 13–18 ppm, respectively), and enriched in Rb (381–473 ppm) and many rare metals. Moreover, their REE patterns show a tetrad effect (TE_1,3 = 1.13 and 1.29) and pronounced negative Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu* = 0.07 and 0.08), implying extensive open system fractionation via fluid–rock interaction during the magmatic stage. Origin of the calc‐alkaline granitoids by high degree of partial melting of mafic lower crust with subsequent crystal fractionation is advocated. The broad distribution of late‐collisional calc‐alkaline granitoids in the northern ANS is related most likely to large areal and intensive lithospheric delamination subsequent to slab break‐off and crustal/mantle thickening. Such delamination caused both crustal uplift and partial melting of the remaining mantle lithosphere in response to asthenospheric uprise. The melts produced underplate the lower crust to promote its melting. The presence of microgranular enclaves, resulting from mingling of mantle‐derived mafic magma with felsic crustal‐derived liquid, favours this process. The derivation of the late‐phase rare‐metal granites by open system fractionation via fluid interaction is almost related to the onset of extension above the rising asthenosphere that results in mantle degassing during the switch to post‐collisional stage. Consequently, the switch from late‐ to post‐collisional stage of crustal evolution in the northern ANS could be potentially significant not only geodynamically but also economically. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Geochemistry and Petrogenesis of Intracontinental Basaltic Volcanism on the Northwest Arabian Plate,Gaziantep Basin,Southeast Anatolia,Turkey

Volcanism along the northwest boundary of the Arabian Plate found in the Gaziantep Basin, southeast Turkey, is of Miocene age and is of alkaline and calc-alkaline basic composition. The rare earth element data for both compositional series indicates spinel–peridotite source areas. The rare earth and trace elements of the alkaline lavas originate from a highly primitive and slightly contaminated asthenospheric mantle; those of the calc-alkaline lavas originate from a highly heterogeneous, asthenospheric, and lithospheric mantle source. Partial melting and magmatic differentiation processes played a role in the formation of the petrological features of these volcanics. These rocks form two groups on the basis of their ~(87) Sr/~(86) Sr and ~(143) Nd/~(144) Nd isotopic compositions in addition to their classifications based on their chemical compositions(alkaline and calc-alkaline). These isotopic differences indicate a dissimilar parental magma. Therefore, high Nd isotope samples imply a previously formed and highly primitive mantle whereas low Nd isotope samples may indicate comparable partial melting of an enriched heterogeneous shallow mantle. Other isotopic changes that do not conform to the chemical features of these lavas are partly related to the various tectonic events of the region, such as the Dead Sea Fault System and the Bitlis Suture Zone.     

Trace element modelling of the origin and evolution of the Oyaca‐Boyalik volcanic rocks (NE of Haymana,Ankara, Turkey)

Lower Miocene Boyalik volcanic rocks, situated approximately 80 km south of Ankara, exhibit both alkaline and calc‐alkaline characteristics. Alkaline products are trachybasaltic and trachyandesitic, whereas calc‐alkaline products are dacitic. The phenocrysts in the dacites consist primarily of plagioclase and hornblende, with lesser amounts of biotite. The groundmass contains plagioclase and quartz microcrysts. Trachyandesites are mainly composed of plagioclase and biotite phenocrysts with a groundmass of alkali feldspar microlites and minor clinopyroxene microcrysts. Trachybasalts are mainly composed of olivine and plagioclase phenocrysts, with minor clinopyroxene phenocrysts associated with alkali feldspar, plagioclase and clinopyroxene microlites and microcrysts in the groundmass. Oxides are common accessory phases in all products. Boyalik volcanic rocks have essentially homogeneous incompatible trace element patterns with variable Nb and Th anomalies, enrichment in Rb, Ba, K, La, Ce and Nd, and positive Sr anomalies. Some trace element ratios (e.g. Ba/Ta, Ba/Nb, Th/U and Ce/Pb) are variable among the series. For instance, dacites and trachyandesites have higher Ba/Ta (724–2509), Ba/Nb (45–173) and Th/U (3.5–8.7) and lower Ce/Pb (7.1–3.9) values than the trachybasalts. Trace element data indicate that the series are chemically distinct but probably were derived from a common lithospheric mantle source via variable degrees of partial melting. The magmas then underwent a process of evolution involving assimilation and fractional crystallization (AFC) during ascent to the surface. Although trachyandesites and dacites were generated from a lithospheric mantle source via ～1% and ～1.5% to ～5% degrees of partial melting, respectively, trachybasalts were derived from the same source via higher degrees of partial melting (～20%) with neglegible crustal contamination. Boyalik volcanism is linked to an intracontinental transpressional setting. However, the overall geochemical features are consistent with derivation from a mantle source that records earlier Eocene subduction between the Sakarya continental fragment and the K?r?ehir block during time.