西藏措勤尼雄岩体的岩石成因及其对富Fe成矿作用的潜在意义

西藏措勤尼雄岩体是冈底斯造山带白垩纪大规模酸性岩浆活动的代表之一,著名的尼雄富铁矿体就主要赋存在发育闪长质包体的尼雄岩体外接触带上。因此要探讨此富铁矿体的成因机制,就需要对邻近的尼雄岩体进行研究。本文报道了尼雄岩体的寄主岩石(～116Ma和～110Ma)和闪长质包体(～110Ma)的岩石学、全岩主量、微量元素和Sr-Nd同位素数据,以约束其岩石成因,并通过与南美智利安第斯铁成矿作用的对比,初步探讨了尼雄岩浆活动与富铁成矿作用的可能联系。尼雄岩体寄主岩石富硅(SiO2=67.52%～76.39%),铝饱和指数(A/CNK)为0.96～1.05,属偏铝质中-高钾钙碱性系列的花岗闪长岩到二长花岗岩。闪长质包体属偏铝质(A/CNK=0.82)中钾钙碱系列岩石。寄主岩石与闪长质包体具相似的稀土元素配分模式和微量元素蜘蛛图型式,如均富集大离子亲石元素(如Rb、Ba、K、U和Th)、亏损高场强元素(如Nb、Ta、Ti、P和Zr)。寄主岩石中约116Ma的样品具高的(87Sr/86Sr)i值(0.7145和0.7156)、负的全岩εNd(t)(-8.9和-7.8)和锆石εHf(t)(-7.1～-3.0),对应古老的Nd同位素二阶段模式年龄(1.55～1.60Ga)和锆石Hf同位素地壳模式年龄(1.40～1.60Ga);约110Ma的寄主花岗岩和闪长质包体具偏低的(87Sr/86Sr)i值(0.7066～0.7095和0.7088)、负的全岩εNd(t)(-8.1～-5.2和-7.8)和锆石εHf(t)(-6.2～-2.1和-6.8～-0.2),对应的Nd同位素二阶段模式年龄和锆石Hf同位素地壳模式年龄分别为1.34～1.56Ga和1.20～1.60Ga。结合文献数据提出,尼雄岩体很可能是中上地壳来源的壳源熔体和古老岩石圈地幔来源的幔源熔体不同比例混合而成,并且幔源物质的混入量随时间有增加的趋势(即从约116Ma的50%到约110Ma的65%～75%)。初步认为尼雄岩体可能处于与班公湖-怒江洋壳岩石圈南向俯冲有关的俯冲板片角度变陡并断离(约110Ma)的伸展背景。尼雄岩体在岩浆作用成因、构造背景和地球动力学机制等方面均可与南美智利安第斯富铁成矿带进行很好的对比,因此本文主张,尼雄富铁矿成矿作用与邻近地区的闪长质岩浆活动密切相关,即这些闪长质岩浆活动为尼雄富铁矿床的形成提供了成矿元素。     

内蒙古呼吉尔岩体岩石地球化学、年代学特征与地质意义

呼吉尔岩体位于索伦山-西拉木伦缝合带北侧,由中细粒黑云二长花岗岩、中细粒二长花岗岩、细粒二长花岗岩组成。岩石具高Si、高碱、低Al特征,为亚碱性系列岩石,岩石分异程度较高,属于I型花岗岩。岩石的稀土元素含量整体略低,配分曲线为低缓右倾型,重稀土元素分布较为平缓,具Eu负异常。岩石的大离子亲石元素富集、高场强元素亏损。锆石的LA-ICP-MS定年结果显示,中细粒黑云二长花岗岩、中细粒二长花岗岩、细粒二长花岗岩的U-Pb加权平均年龄值分别为(291.7±1.3)Ma、(281.6±1.6)Ma、(289.1±1.3)Ma,岩体形成于早二叠世陆缘弧环境。     

西秦岭熊山沟岩体地球化学及构造环境分析

在区域地质调查及综合研究的基础上,对位于西秦岭天水东南部地区的原百花岩体进行了详细的岩石学、岩石地球化学、岩体接触关系、同位素年龄研究,从中解体出熊山沟岩体,并初步了解了该岩体的岩浆活动规律。熊山沟岩体早期岩石类型为斜长花岗岩,岩石化学成分K2O含量较低,K2O∕Na2O比值为0.33～0.42;晚期岩石类型为二长花岗岩,岩石相对富集K2O,K2O∕Na2O比值为1.01～1.43,岩石属拉斑-钙碱性系列;微量元素富集Th、Hf、Nb、Zr等元素;稀土元素以富集轻稀土,无铕负异常或铕负异常不明显为主要特征;氧同位素值较低（δ^18O为＋3.32‰）,岩石具Ⅰ型花岗岩的特征,岩浆来源于下地壳物质,形成于大陆弧构造环境。     

小兴安岭东南晚奥陶世鹤林侵入杂岩体成因探讨

小兴安岭东南晚奥陶世鹤林侵入杂岩体岩性变化较大,由角闪辉长岩—(石英)闪长岩—英云闪长岩—二长花岗岩组成,不同岩石类型在野外宏观上呈相互侵入、包裹和渐变的接触关系;在(石英)闪长岩、英云闪长岩和二长花岗岩中均发育微细粒闪长质包体,包体多具明显塑性流变特点的浑圆外形和典型岩浆结构、针状磷灰石及捕获的寄主岩钾长石、石英斑晶,为MME型岩浆混合成因包体;杂岩体相对富集LILE(Ba、Sr、Rb)、HFS(U、Th、Zr、Ce)元素等,显示出壳源特点,而较高的εNd(t)值(-2.38~-3.77)显示以幔源为主的特点。研究表明杂岩体具明显的壳幔岩浆混合成因的岩相学、岩石化学和地球化学特征,形成于基性岩浆底侵作用下的陆缘弧型活动大陆边缘构造环境。     

新疆东准噶尔黄羊山碱性花岗岩体的锆石U-Pb年龄和岩石成因

新疆东准噶尔卡拉麦里构造带分布有多种类型花岗岩,主要包括花岗闪长岩、二长花岗岩、碱长花岗岩和碱性花岗岩.对其中最大的碱性花岗岩体(黄羊山岩体)进行定年和地球化学组成研究,结果显示,岩体的年龄约为305 Ma,岩石富含钠质角闪石(钠闪石、钠铁闪石)和少量霓石,具低铝、富碱、贫钙镁及低铁的主量元素特征,其微量元素明显富集Rb、Th等大离子亲石元素和Zr、Hf等高场强元素而强烈亏损元素Ba、Sr、Eu,稀土元素配分模式呈典型的平坦‘V'字型.这些矿物学和地球化学组成特征表明黄羊山碱性花岗岩属于典型的A型花岗岩.认为幔源岩浆高度分异、麻粒岩相残留岩及I型英云闪长质-花岗闪长质岩石部分熔融等A型花岗岩成岩模式不能解释黄羊山碱性花岗岩的成因.根据岩石的εNd(t)= 5.9～ 6.5,比当时洋壳的εNd(t)值低3～4个ε单位,认为形成该岩体的岩浆可能来源于花岗闪长质岩浆的分异结晶,而花岗闪长质岩浆则主要是玄武质洋壳和少量大洋沉积物(约5%)部分熔融的产物.     

北祁连造山带东段老虎山石英闪长岩成因及其地质意义

以北祁连造山带东段老虎山石英闪长岩体为研究对象，进行了锆石U-Pb年龄及全岩元素与Sr-Nd同位素组成的系统 测定，据此探讨了岩石的成因及其对北祁连构造演化的启示。锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年结果表明，石英闪长岩体的形成 年龄为440 Ma。岩石具有亚碱、准铝以及贫钙、镁、铁的特征，碱铝指数（AKI值） 均低于0.85，铝饱和指数（A/NKC 值） 多小于1.0，属钙碱性I型花岗岩类岩石。在稀土和微量元素组成上，岩石富集轻稀土和大离子亲石元素（如Rb、Cs、 Th和U），亏损高场强元素（如Nb和Ta），显示弧岩浆岩的地球化学特征。岩体具有相对均一的Sr-Nd同位素组成，初始Sr同 位素值为0.7058~0.7071，εNd(t)值为-1.06~-0.31。综合分析表明，老虎山石英闪长岩应起源于玄武质下地壳物质的部分熔 融，并在成岩过程中有少量幔源物质的混入。对区内火成岩地质地球化学特征与产出背景的全面分析，表明受北祁连洋俯 冲及随后岛弧与祁连—柴达木陆块碰撞拼贴影响，弧后盆地的北向俯冲消减作用可能是诱发民乐窑沟和老虎山弧岩浆岩以 及导致毛藏寺—老虎山花岗岩带内埃达克质岩石侵位的基本动力机制。     

中天山南缘代京却克却二长花岗岩年代学研究及构造意义

新疆中天山南缘地区广泛分布晚古生代侵入岩,对中天山南缘代京却克却地区二长花岗岩进行LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年,获得岩体结晶年龄为(394.7±2.9)Ma,属中泥盆世。岩石地球化学结果表明,该二长花岗岩为一套高钾钙碱性系列过铝质岩石,大离子亲石元素Rb,Th,K相对富集,高场强元素Nb,Ta,Ti,P相对亏损。结合区域地质背景,认为中天山南缘代京却克却地区二长花岗岩形成于火山弧环境,是幔源岩浆底侵带来的大量热能使得晚古生代下地壳物质发生部分熔融的产物。综合分析认为,该岩体可能代表了中泥盆世南天山洋向中天山微地块之下的俯冲岩浆活动记录。     

河南栾川东鱼库钼(钨)矿床地质特征及找矿标志

河南栾川东鱼库钼(钨)矿床是东秦岭—大别山钼成矿带新发现双大型矿床.该钼(钨)矿床空间分布受晚侏罗世花岗斑岩体控制,矿体赋存于东鱼库—竹园沟二长花岗岩复式岩体内外接触带——三川组及南泥湖组岩石经接触交代变质形成的矽卡岩和长英质角岩中,呈层状、似层状分布.长1400m,宽200～800m.钼矿体厚10.30～244.35...     

山东沂水地区英灵山花岗岩及其捕虏体的地质、岩石地球化学特征和锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年

英灵山花岗岩是新太古代沂水岩浆杂岩的重要组成部分之一,主要分布于沂水县城东南部,总体呈北东向分布。花岗岩的片麻理走向北东,南倾,倾角40～50°,侵入于沂水岩群的二辉斜长角闪岩-黑云变粒岩（黑云斜长片麻岩）-二辉斜长片麻岩变质岩组合中,北部与马山岩体、雪山岩体和大山岩体接触,东南与林家官庄岩体接触。岩石呈中—粗粒,略具片麻状,包体发育,SiO2含量73.36%～74.44%,K2O>Na2O>CaO,稀土元素总量较低,为22.25×10-6～88.82×10-6,弱—中等的正Eu异常,轻、重稀土元素分馏较强,La/Yb=11～47,富集K、Rb、Ba等大离子亲石元素和Er、Hf等高场强元素,亏损Sr、Ta、Nb、P等元素,成分上属钾质花岗岩。2个样品YS06-30和YS06-48的锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年结果分别是2530Ma±7Ma和2531Ma±8Ma,属于新太古代。     

新疆阿拉套山西段察哈乌苏二长花岗岩成因及构造意义

察哈乌苏岩体位于新疆西天山阿拉套山南缘的西段,大地构造位置属阿拉套山南缘泥盆纪—石炭纪弧后盆地,岩体主要由灰白色中粒二长花岗岩、灰白色中-细粒二云二长花岗岩组成。岩石地球化学数据显示,岩石中SiO_2、Al_2O_3、碱含量较高,A/CNK=1.08～1.14,属过铝质高钾钙碱性花岗岩系列;轻稀土元素相对富集,重稀土元素相对亏损,稀土元素配分模式呈轻稀土富集的缓右倾型,具有明显的Eu负异常;强烈富集大离子亲石元素(LILE) Rb、Th、U、K、Hf,亏损高场强元素(HFSE) Ba、Nb、Ta、Sr、P、Ti;岩石具有较低的I_(Sr)值(0.701 5～0.702 6)。综合研究,表明察哈乌苏二长花岗岩为低Sr高分异S型花岗岩,兼具A型花岗岩的特征,是长石分离结晶的产物。二长花岗岩具有较高的正ε_(Nd(t))值(+0.37～+1.18);高的Th、Ta含量及Th/Ta值(6.12～8.54)指示岩浆源区为亏损地幔,但受到古老地壳物质同化混染的影响。构造判别图解中所有样品落入火山弧花岗岩和同碰撞花岗岩的交界部位,更靠近同碰撞花岗岩区域。察哈乌苏岩体的侵位时代为313 Ma,结合区域地质背景,笔者认为伊犁微板块在310 Ma前已与准噶尔微板块碰合,北天山洋盆闭合时限早于晚石炭世末,310 Ma以后,阿拉套山地区逐渐进入后碰撞伸展阶段。因此,察哈乌苏二长花岗岩应为后碰撞花岗岩,岩体形成于同碰撞挤压向后碰撞伸展转换过渡阶段的张性环境,是幔源玄武质岩浆底侵和发生ACF作用的结果,其构造背景可能为活动大陆边缘。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of