陆架海流的计算方法(Ⅱ)

二、海区类型Ⅱ——海湾、海峡 本海区的特点是邻近海岸、岸线变化复杂,不存在一致的海岸法向;流况的特点和海区类型(Ⅰ)基本相似。海湾、海峡、岛屿之间以及岸线多变的近岸浅海区域,均属于这种海区类型。     

强化组织和队伍建设 密切管理与服务结合 全面推进海洋综合管理迈上法制化规范化轨道

连云港市位于我国沿海中部,是东海海区的北大门,东临黄海,西通中原,南屏江淮,北接齐鲁,是中国沿海首批14个对外开放城市之一、新亚欧大陆桥的东方桥头堡,也是中国三大海洋特殊开发区之一。拥有176km海岸线、30.6km岛屿岸线和14座基岩海岛,领海基线以内海域面积6677km2,全市滩涂10.67万hm2,有江苏省唯一的基岩港湾海岸40km和仅有的砂质海岸30km,岛屿陆域面积6.22km2。     

岚山海区波浪特征及其对海岸的影响

岚山海岸近年来侵蚀严重,海岸侵蚀的自然因素主要由波浪引起,较大浪出现的季节和波浪尺度决定了海岸侵蚀发生的时间和强度。本文分析了岚山海区的波浪特征,并探讨了岚山海岸侵蚀的原因及波浪作用下海岸侵蚀的过程。     

石花菜的养殖方法 Ⅱ.石花菜的筏式养成技术

一、石花菜筏式养成海区的选择 石花菜筏式养成海区应具备以下基本条件。 1.风浪 石花菜是好浪性海藻,喜欢生活在开放的海岸,即岬角、岛屿、岩礁的向浪方向。     

渤海湾的水深变化与天津新港回淤问题

渤海湾的水深变化,反映了该海区的基本地貌特征,即除局部海区因海洋动力作用海岸不断发生变化外,一般是稳定海岸,没有明显地进退现象。通过黄河入海挟带泥沙沉积的分布规律分析,可以认为黄河的泥沙不会成为泥沙流进入天津新港。天津新港的淤积来源主要是附近浅滩泥沙在潮流和风浪作用下的重新分配。     

废黄河口海岸防护工程规划研究

本文回顾了废黄河口岸段海岸演变及海岸防护的历史过程,分析了本段海岸的侵蚀特征及动力条件,进行了海岸工程防护的效果计算及主海堤和离岸潜堤设计。综合以上各项研究结果,对本海区的海岸防护工程规划具有指导性意义。     

珠江口海区悬浮颗粒物质研究——Ⅰ.迁移、分布和变化

通过两个航次的出海,对珠江口广大海区悬浮颗粒物质的来源、含量、分布、迁移和扩散机制进行了系统性研究。结果表明,研究海区的悬浮颗粒物质有明显的时间和空间变化,一般来说,丰水期的含量高于枯水期的含量,底层水的含量高于表层水的含量,近海岸的含量高于远离海岸的含量,风浪大时含量亦增加,研究海区的悬浮颗粒物质主要来自珠江流域,文中详细讨论这种物质的迁移以及影响迁移和变化的各种机制。     

珠江口海区悬浮颗粒物质研究——Ⅰ.迁移、分布和变化

通过两个航次的出海,对珠江口广大海区悬浮颗粒物质的来源、含量、分布、迁移和扩散机制进行了系统性研究.结果表明,研究海区的悬浮颗粒物质有明显的时间和空间变化,一般来说,丰水期的含量高于枯水期的含量,底层水的含量高于表层水的含量,近海岸的含量高于远离海岸的含量,风浪大时含量亦增加,研究海区的悬浮颗粒物质主要来自珠江流域,文中详细讨论这种物质的迁移以及影响迁移和变化的各种机制.     

中国近海海雾的几个特征

从中国近海海雾的分布形式,生消过程、地区效应和雾体形状等几个方面进行分析,可以归纳出四个特征。一、几个海区的海雾分布海岸区域海雾持续存在的有利风向,应为从海区吹向岸边的风,但渤海海区雾季     

江苏省海涂围垦与海岸防护概况

本文概述了江苏省海涂资源、滩涂开发成就和海涂围垦规划，并介绍了江苏省海岸防护现状，以及江苏省海岸防护规划设想。     

创新管理机制 努力提高海域使用管理水平

文章从构建海域使用权物权制度,完善海洋功能区划、规划制度,提高海洋资源整体利用水平和岸线利用率等方面,探讨提高海洋资源开发利用和海域使用管理水平的途径.     

构建海洋管理规划体系,强化海洋综合管理——我国现行海洋管理体制下实现国家海洋有效管理的适应性对策探讨

２１世纪将是人类社会全面开发利用海洋的新世纪。伴随国际海洋法律新秩序的建立并逐步被世界各国、特别是沿海国家所认同，海洋事务以前所未有的规模和数量展现在沿海国家政府的面前。海洋管理任务涉及国家的政治、经济、军事、外交、科技以及社会发展和生态环境健康的方方面面。面对新的形势和新的任务，国家各级海洋管理部门、管理者，需要转变思路、开拓视野，以效益管理为宗旨，抓纲带目，纲举目张，探讨一套在我国现行海洋管理体制条件下，国家海洋综合管理的有效途径。海洋、海岸带综合管理是近２０年来国际社会普遍认同的国家海洋管…     

海洋科研项目和科研经费精细化智慧管理的研究

在"建设海洋强国"的战略指引下,我国海洋科技投入不断加大,海洋科研项目和科研经费的管理日益重要,但在实际工作中仍然存在缺乏系统、高效的管理方式和专业的管理人员,项目管理和经费管理信息不融合等问题。文章对这些问题进行了梳理,通过引入精细化智慧管理的理念,对海洋科研项目和科研经费的精细化智慧管理进行研究,提出了解决上述问题的具体措施,以促进海洋科研项目和科研经费的科学、优化和协同管理。     

Management of Mediterranean coastal dunes

This paper gives some theoretical concepts of dune management as well as practical examples of how actual measures should be carried out.Dune management is defined as all measures aimed at the preservation and restoration of the natural values of a coastal sand dune area. It is essential that beach and foreshore are seen as parts of a whole dune system. Management must take into account all processes within this system. It should aim at nature conservation and wise use of coastal resources and all forms of land use should be ecologically sustainable. Dune management should work as much as possible ‘with’ the natural processes and not ‘against’ them.Four types of Mediterranean dune systems (including Portugal and SW Spain) are distinguished:: mainland dunes, lagoon-bay barrier dunes, delta dunes and remnant dunes.Like in most parts of the world, Mediterranean dunes fulfill several functions at the same time. The following functions will be dealt with: nature management, coastal defence and erosion, dune stabilisation and afforestation, agriculture, tourism and urbanisation, recreation, golf, information and education. The concepts of management which are considered include: sustainable use, large and coherent units, compensation, management planning, environmental impact assessment and function analysis.Dune stabilisation is not always considered necessary. In case of stabilisation by planting, only indigenous species should be used, preferably pioneers and not trees. Planting of exotic species should be avoided.     

Management of the Kenyan coast

We describe the changes in the management of marine resources in Kenya from traditional management, through the era of marine protected areas and the fisheries sector, towards the initial developments of an integrated coastal area management system, which has only been active since the early 1990s. The first meetings between sectors were held in the mid-1990s where the responsibilities of management were agreed upon and from which a number of memorandums were initiated as part of the integrative process that was lead by the Coast Development Authority. Two integrated coastal management (ICM) pilot projects started in the mid- to late 1990s were undertaken to test the effectiveness of the process in two tourist beaches north of Mombasa and later Diani. These ICM programs primarily focused on infrastructural development and resource access issues and participants needed to be reminded that that the objectives of the ICM process were to improve natural resource management and protect biodiversity. There was also the problem that government and the larger economic interests were involved in policy and planning but the poor and associated communities were often marginalized because they lacked effective formal organizations and finances to represent them. The financial support for projects prior to 2003 was generally less than US $150 000 and this and the poverty of the institutions and difficulties of establishing financial sustainability limited the programs and their problem solving. Nonetheless, there has been sustained progress and lessons learned concerning interactions with stakeholders, zoning of activities, linkages among groups, and improvements in the environment that should form the basis for further integration and solutions.     

浅析海洋综合管理问题

海洋综合管理不是对海洋的某一局部区域或某一方面的管理,而是立足海洋的整体和长远利益对海洋进行统筹协调的管理.<联合国海洋法公约>提出海洋综合管理的目标,其对各国的海洋管理产生了很大影响.为切实实现对海洋的综合管理,我国需要协调海洋资源和海洋空间的开发利用,严格控制海洋开发利用对海洋自然资源和环境的破坏,维护海洋的自然平衡与生态平衡.     

Panama Canal Management

Two major components of the Panamanian economy are its maritime sector and the Canal. The author covered the analysis of the former in a previous paper. For a rigorous study on the future capacity of the Canal, it is required, on the one hand, that an analysis of its management be done and, on the other hand, of its operation, modernisation and future scope. This paper focuses on the Canal management since its creation, reviewing its historical background, legal foundations, as well as its management and toll system currently in place—which is the responsibility of Panama nationals, once the Canal was transferred by the USA. Present management indicates optimum performance and outstanding improvements. It is successfully facing the challenge of maintaining the operating capacity to accommodate future world traffic. Its operation, traffic and modernisation will be the subject of our next paper.     

Management of the coastal-sea-zone-ecosystem model

We present a model of the processes of development in the ecosystem of the coastal zone of the sea constructed by the method of adaptive balance of causes (ABC-method). The model contains nine variables (phyto- and zooplankton, fish larvae, fishes, oxygen, carbon dioxide, salinity, biogenic elements, and detritus) affected by the solar radiation, surface wind, sea temperature, and river discharge. The equations of the model contain control agents governing the dependences of the elements of the food chain on the vitally important resources and environmental conditions. The scenarios of the processes of development are constructed for the simulated annual courses of external actions. The possibility of management of fish resources by regulating the flows of biogenic elements and detritus with river discharge is discussed. A mechanism of management based on the monitoring of the concentration of dissolved oxygen in seawater is proposed. The numerical experiments show that the ABC-model of the processes of development in the ecosystem of the coastal zone of the sea makes it possible to simulate the scenarios of regulation of the flows of biogenic elements and detritus into the sea with an aim of preservation of of fish resources. Translated from Morskoi Gidrofizicheskii Zhurnal, No. 1, pp. 36–49, January–February, 2009.     

加强海域管理工作 全面贯彻实施《海域法》

在国家海洋局和省海洋与渔业厅的大力支持和指导下,青岛市认真贯彻执行海域使用管理法律法规,进一步解放思想,开拓进取,突出重点,狠抓落实,海域使用管理工作取得了新的进展,通过宣传、贯彻《海域使用管理法》,依法管海、依法用海的良好氛围已在社会上逐步形成,海域使用三项制度得以不断推进,初步实现了法制化、规范化、科学化的预定目标。一、总结经验,开拓创新,全面推进示范区建设工作的开展青岛市被国家海洋局和财政部确定为第二批海域使用管理示范区,我们把海域使用管理示范区建设工作放在首要位置,严格实施《中华人民共和国海域使用管理…