造山带非史密斯地层研究方法和在1：5万区调填图中的初步应用

根据在赣东北１：５万葛源幅蛇绿混杂岩区区调的实践体会,提出在区调填图中进行非史密斯地层研究的一般步骤：（１）利用野外踏勘和前人资料,划分区内地层类型;（２）区分岩块和基质;（３）造反一定靶区对岩块民分、古生物、同位素等的细致研究,以获得年代和构造背景等信息;（４）识别岩块、基质及与史密斯地层之间的相互接触关系,并探索其构造就位时间;（５）重建地层序列,探讨构造演化史。     

造山带非史密斯地层

造山带一般都经历了多期板块裂解与拼合的复杂演化过程。造山带地层体在造山带洋盆会聚、俯冲消亡和陆内造山阶段,发生过强烈的构造搬运和构造混杂。俯冲带在消减板块下潜过程中,盆地中先前在重力机制下形成的原始浊积岩和远洋沉积(基质)、同沉积滑塌岩块,与先前在热力机制下形成的蛇绿岩和火山弧,与早先裂解的陆壳碎片等最终一并带入俯冲带内遭受剪切,发生构造混杂,由这种混杂作用形成的地层体通常由经强烈构造剪切作用的基质(浊积岩和远洋沉积)和混入的多种外来岩片(块)构成,是造山带非史密斯地层研究的主体。对造山带非史密斯地层,要针对基质和外来岩片(块)分别进行划分、对比研究。特别对基质中的外来岩片(块),要进行物态、时态,相态、位态、变形和变质历程的精细解剖与研究。通过造山带非史密斯地层研究,建立造山带地层系统理论模型,恢复造山带形成和演化历程。     

昆秦接合部造山带非史密斯地层的一些特点——苦海—赛什堂—羊曲构造混 …

系统论述了昆秦接合部造山带非史密斯地层的特征,应用非史密斯地（岩）层体构造岩片（块）四维裂拼复原原理解剖了羊曲－赛什塘－苦海构造混杂带,提出该构造带为晚华力西期－印支期扬子陆块与柴达木陆块近东西向江聚过程中形成的陆缘俯冲增生杂岩楔,并对其组成、结构、演化过程等做了初步的总结。     

关于罗冬群的新认识

通过分析和研究原罗冬群的详细资料，笔者认为罗冬群系非史密斯型构造地层（岩石）体、其它各类外来岩块组成典型的构造混杂岩，它是班公错－怒江带东段小洋盆消亡后在大陆造山带中留下的残迹。     

川西义敦岛弧造山带区域地质调查方法探讨

根据义敦岛弧造山带区域地层特征,将该区划分为六个构造地层带。根据区域地层的沉积演化序列和受构造改造作用程序,将该区域区地层划分为史密斯地层、有限史密斯地层和非史密斯地层三种类型。据此提出了在川西造山带地区进行１：５万、１：２５万区调填图的工作方法。     

东昆仑造山带非史密斯地层序列重建方法初探

东昆仑造山带发育沉积－构造复合混杂和构造混杂的全部无序或部分无序的非史密斯地（岩）层体，对其层序重建的有效方法是对不同类型的非史密斯地层体进行时态，相态，位态，变形和变质调查，把这一主要研究途径称之为“非史密斯地层体构造造片四维裂拼复原位”。     

浅谈造山带地层划分

现代地层学包括史密斯地层学与非史密斯地层学两部分。造山带内被造山作用改造过的地层属于非史密斯地层。可以进一步划分为构造地层、构造岩层与构造岩石三个类别。构造岩层是其中主要类别 ,其单位等级体制可划分为岩群、岩组与岩段。     

关于非史密斯地层的几点思考

非史密斯地民支是指那些经历过不同程度变形，变质，变位，现存特征与其沉积时明显不同，甚至面目全非的无序或部分有序的地层－岩石体（区）；非史密斯地层可划分为褶断地层类，韧变地层类和杂岩类，非史密斯地层的研究方向和技术路线可概括为分类，分区（带）分块（片）→形成，变位，变形和变质标志分析→区域地层的原生时空结构分析→确定构造地层带→建立岩石，年代地层系统，非史密斯地层学的出现是造山带地质深入研究的产物，     

洋板块地层在造山带构造-地层区划中的应用

自元古宙以来地球表面洋陆位置不断变化,洋的面积总比陆地面积大.分布于大陆造山带区的古缝合带是古大洋或古大陆边缘小洋盆消亡的残迹,是洋板块地层研究的主要对象.针对占中国陆域3/5面积的造山带洋板块地层分布区,提出一级（称“构造-地层大区”）和二级（称“构造-地层区”）构造-地层的区划准则.将洋板块地层分为对接带型和叠接带型两大类,分别对应于构造-地层大区和构造地层区.对接带型以含N-MORB型蛇绿岩为标志,是古大洋消亡的残迹;叠接带型以含SSZ型蛇绿岩为标志,是古大陆边缘小洋盆消亡的残迹.对接带内的洋脊（蛇绿岩）、洋岛海山、洋内弧等亚型建造因卷入俯冲带内被肢解,多数呈残缺不全的岩块包裹在强烈构造剪切形变的远洋细碎屑和海沟浊积岩建造（称为基质）之中,呈俯冲增生杂岩带展布,对应于构造-地层区;对某些形体巨大的亚类（巨大的洋岛海山、裂离地块、大面积的深海平原硅质岩等建造）,进入海沟俯冲带内很难被完全肢解,呈逆（仰）冲地质体大面积分布,可归为构造-地层区.叠接带型可进一步划分出与弧前盆地、火山弧（含弧间和弧背盆地建造）和弧后盆地等二级构造-地层区划单元.      

造山带非史密斯地层及其地质制图

从非史密斯地层的概念入手，以实例探讨了非史密斯地层的３种基本类型，古缝合带（混杂岩）型，推覆体型，走滑型及昨合类型，并对非史密斯地层的研究内容和方法及其在地质制图中应注意的若干问题进行探讨。     

New fossil booklice from the Cretaceous amber of Myanmar (Psocodea: Troctomorpha: Amphientometae: Manicapsocidae)

Palaeomanicapsocus margoae gen. et sp. nov. and Palaeomanicapsocus fouadi gen. et sp. nov. are characterized, described, illustrated, from the Cretaceous Burmese amber. Their phylogenetic position is discussed. These fossil taxa are the first manicapsocid barklice to be described from the Burmese amber.     

Middle Jurassic Coptoclavidae (Insecta:Coleoptera:Dytiscoidea) from China:a Good Example of Mosaic Evolution

<正>Adults of the aquatic coptoclavid beetles(Coleoptera:Adephaga:Dytiscoidea),described from four Middle Jurassic fossil localities in Inner Mongolia and Liaoning in northeastern China,are attributed to Daohugounectes primitives Wang,Ponomarenko and Zhang,2009,which was previously proposed after study of larvae.The generic name Timarchopsis Brauer,Redtenbacher and Ganglbauer,1889 is proposed as a substitute for the preoccupied and junior homonym Necronectes Ponomarenko,1977,non Milne-Edwards,1881. Furthermore,the subfamily name Necronectinae Ponomarenko,1977 is substituted by the available name Timarchopsinae.Daohugounectes is placed into Timarchopsinae because its adults have long,slightly apically widened tibiae and small femoral plates.The adults of this genus differ from those of other Timarchopsinae in the following features:antennae short and widened in the middle part;basal segments of protarsi not cut apically; metaventrite with a triangular plate.The larvae look like somewhat primitive forms in the subfamily Timarchopsinae.In contrast to these primitive larvae,the adults with some advanced characters can be regarded as among the most advanced forms in the subfamily Timarchopsinae,and probably represent a transition between the Timarchopsinae and Charanoscaphinae.Such mosaic evolution within Daohugounectes indicates that the evolutionary process of aquatic beetles is far more complex than previously thought.     

A new species of Foveopsis Shcherbakov (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Fulgoroidea: Perforissidae) from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber

A new species, Foveopsis heteroidea sp. nov. is described from the mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber based on four well-preserved specimens. The abundance and distribution of sensory pits in adult Perforissidae may not be considered as classification character. Well-preserved wing-coupling apparatus and nodal line indicate Perforissidae should have a moderately versatile flight capability, and with the help of atmospheric flow, Perforissidae had a broad geographical distribution in Cretaceous. Sexual difference of new species is briefly discussed, indicates it in planthopper has already existed in the Cretaceous.     

A new compsocid booklouse from the Cretaceous amber of Myanmar (Psocodea: Troctomorpha: Amphientometae: Compsocidae)

Paraelectrentomopsis chenyangcaii gen. et sp. nov. from the Cretaceous Burmese amber is characterized, described, illustrated and its position is discussed. This fossil taxon is the second compsocid barklouce to be described from the Burmese amber and constitute one of the earliest records of the family. A checklist of known Compsocidae is given. Identification keys of all known Compsocidae are provided. A palaeobiogeography scenario is proposed.