靖安油田上三叠统长6储层成岩作用研究

通过对5条剖面和11口探井的综合研究确定了长6储层的成岩作用阶段,对影响储层物性重要的自生矿物形成进行了探讨,认为靖安油田上三叠统延长组6段储层经历了压实、胶结、溶蚀等一系列复杂的成岩作用,成岩现象十分丰富,特征明显。从储层成岩作用研究表明,早成岩期的压实作用、多种矿物胶结作用是使储层物性变差、孔隙度降低的两个重要的成岩作用;而溶蚀作用,特别是浊沸石胶结的溶蚀是储层物性变好的重要成岩控制因素。     

库车坳陷东部下第三系碎屑岩储层分异成因模式

库车坳陷东部下第三系优质储层主要发育于细粒碎屑岩, 而不是粗粒碎屑岩中.从构造沉积作用分析入手, 结合该区的古气候特征, 通过对两种碎屑岩沉积和成岩演化过程的深入分析, 认为粗粒与细粒碎屑岩经历了同沉积、浅埋藏区域地下水、中深埋藏压实、构造破裂与埋藏溶蚀、构造挤压与超压形成等多阶段的叠合改造, 不同阶段对碎屑岩储层特征影响不一, 从而使得储层储集空间特征出现较大分异.成岩与储层分异的结果形成了现今的油气储层, 主要发育于细粒的粉砂岩储层中, 据此建立了储层发育演化的成因模式.      

Experimental authigenesis of phyllosilicates from feldspathic sands

Hydrothermal experiments with primary detrital components of feldspathic sands (orthoclase, albite, quartz, and calcite) were conducted to simulate possible diagenetic changes in geosynclinal sedimentary accumulations and the geothermal reservoir of the Imperial Valley area, California. Phyllosilicate and zeolite mineralization was produced at 200°C and 1 Kb Ph₂o and at 300°C and 1 and 3 Kb Ph₂o. Scanning electron microscope examination of the detrital grains shows the development of authigenic minerals and solution features. Phyllosilicate development occurred as dense surface coatings on orthoclase crystals in concentrated brines and as scattered grain clusters in dilute brines. Cation concentration is considered to be a controlling factor in phyllosilicate formation and growth. During formation the phyllosilicate crystals appear to utilize the surficial feldspar lattice structure as a preferred growth site. Electron diffraction studies indicate the crystals are a 1 Md mica similar to illite. Initial phyllosilicate formation occurs principally on orthoclase in systems containing this mineral, but is disseminated on other mineral surfaces in systems without orthoclase. This experimental development of authigenetic illite via the destruction of potassium feldspar may offer a potential mechanism to help explain the resulting mineralogy of diagenetic processes occurring in natural sediments such as in feldspathic sands and argillaceous sediments.     

四川盆地中部三叠系香溪群储层特征及成岩孔隙演化

四川盆地中部香溪群储层为典型的低渗透油气藏,有效储层分布规律复杂,油气富集规律不清,勘探难度大,勘探效率低。对其储层特征、成岩孔隙演化和有效储层分布规律的研究,对油气勘探具有重要指导意义。研究表明,香溪群储层现处于晚成岩A期,在早成岩早期阶段由于强烈压实作用和硅质胶结作用使大部分细砂岩、中细砂岩储层物性变差,只有粗砂岩和中粗砂岩仍保留部分原生孔隙;在中成岩早期阶段,有机酸性水进入粗砂岩和中粗砂岩中溶蚀其中的长石和岩屑,形成大量次生溶蚀孔隙而形成优质储层。     

松辽盆地深层储层砂岩中火山碎屑物质在成岩阶段的变化与孔隙发育

松辽盆地深层储层砂岩中岩屑成分主要为火山岩岩屑,体积分数最高可达60%。填隙物主要为凝灰质杂基和成岩期后的钙质及硅质胶结物,体积分数在11%～19%。其形成环境主要为陆相断陷盆地的河流、三角洲和扇三角洲。岩石的成分成熟度和结构成熟度普遍低,而储层物性通常却很好。孔隙铸体、岩石薄片和电镜分析结果表明,富火山岩岩屑储层岩石的物性受碎屑成分、填隙物和成岩流体3个因素影响,其中火山岩碎屑在埋藏成岩作用中易于形成的次生孔隙是改善储层物性的主要原因。岩屑砂岩与储层物性相关的主要成岩后生变化有：（1）埋藏压实作用使碎屑岩原生孔隙大量减少;（2）溶蚀、脱玻化、次生矿物的生成和重结晶等成岩作用的总效应导致孔隙增加;（3）成岩流体改造和蚀变作用使火山碎屑物质形成大量次生孔隙,从而改善了砂岩储层的物性。     

成岩体系对致密砂岩储层质量的控制 ——以四川盆地中台山地区须二段为例

为探讨成岩体系对致密砂岩储层质量的控制机理,综合岩心、铸体薄片、阴极发光、X衍射、扫描电镜、包裹体分析、孔渗和三维地震等资料,对四川盆地中台山地区须二段致密砂岩储层成因机制进行了分析。研究发现中台1井须二段主要发育长石石英砂岩、文探1井须二段主要发育岩屑石英砂岩,储集空间主要为长石和岩屑粒内溶孔,孔隙度多<8%,渗透率多<1×10-3 μm2;须二段砂岩经历压实、胶结、溶蚀和交代等成岩作用;中台1井须二段断裂发育,早期石英胶结物主要充填粒间及早期裂缝且成岩流体古盐度多<20%,晚期裂缝多被晚期硅质和方解石胶结物全充填且成岩流体古盐度多>20%;文探1井须二段断裂不发育,主要发育早期方解石和石英胶结且成岩流体古盐度多>20%;中台1井和文探1井均可见次生溶蚀产物,硅质与黏土胶结物多伴生出现,并普遍充填粒内溶孔或粒间孔,表现出次生溶蚀产物短距离迁移特征。研究表明中台1井早期为开放性成岩体系,晚期为封闭性成岩体系,而文探1井主要表现为封闭性成岩体系;开放体系下次生溶蚀产物能通过裂缝向外迁移产生孔隙度净增量,能有效改善储层质量,而封闭体系下次生溶蚀产物不能向外界迁移仍胶结充填于储层孔隙中,仅为储层孔隙空间再分配,储层孔隙度无净增量,质量无明显改善;中台山地区须二段致密砂岩储层受成岩体系演化控制,早期开放体系有利于储层质量改善,晚期封闭体系有利于早期形成储层的保存,裂缝的开启与封闭是影响成岩体系的关键因素。     

鄂尔多斯盆地合水地区长8储层成岩作用与有利成岩相带

综合运用物性分析、高压压汞、铸体薄片、电镜扫描技术对鄂尔多斯盆地合水地区长8储层的成岩作用及有利成岩相带进行了分析研究。结果表明：研究区长8储层物性较差,孔喉整体细小,岩性以细-中粒长石岩屑砂岩为主,碎屑成分复杂,成分成熟度低,结构成熟度低到中等。压实作用使储集层的原始孔隙空间损失,胶结作用不仅破坏了部分原生孔隙,而且使部分次生溶孔遭到破坏,溶解作用使储层物性得到了改善。依据成岩作用对物性的影响,划分出5种成岩相,优质储层与成岩相的关系密切,绿泥石胶结-长石溶蚀相物性、含油性最好,绿泥石胶结相次之,它们成为储层发育的有利成岩相带。     

Diagenesis impact on a deeply buried sandstone reservoir (Es1 Member) of the Shahejie Formation,Nanpu Sag,Bohai Bay Basin,East China

Diagenesis has a significant impact on reservoir quality in deeply buried formations. Sandstone units of the Shahejie Formation (Es₁ Member) of Nanpu Sag, Bohai Bay Basin, East China is a typical deeply buried sandstone with large hydrocarbon accumulations. The methodology includes core observations and thin section studies, using fluorescence, scanning electron microscope (SEM), cathodoluminescence (CL), fluid inclusion and isotope and electron probing analysis as well as the numerical determination of reservoir characteristics. The sandstones consist of medium to coarse-grained, slight to moderate sorted lithic arkose and feldspathic litharenite. Porosity and permeability values range from 0.5 to 30% and 0.006 to 7000 mD, respectively. The diagenetic history reveals mixed episodes of diagenesis and deep burial followed by uplift. The main diagenetic events include compaction, cementation alteration, dissolution of unstable minerals and grain fracturing. Compaction resulted in densification and significantly reduced the primary porosity. Quartz, calcite and clay are the dominant pore-occluding cement and occur as euhedral to subhedral crystals. Alteration and dissolution of volcanic lithic fragments and pressure solution of feldspar grains were the key sources of quartz cement whereas carbonate cement is derived from an external source. Clay minerals resulted from the alteration of feldspar and volcanic lithic fragments. Porosity and permeability data predict a good inverse relationship with cementation whereas leaching of metastable grains, dissolution of cement and in some places formation of pore-lining chlorite enhanced the reservoir quality. The best reservoir is thicker sandstone bodies that are medium to coarse-grained, well-sorted sandstone with low primary ductile grains with a minor amount of calcite cement. The present study shows several diagenetic stages in the Es₁ Member, but the overall reservoir quality is preserved.     

苏北盆地金湖凹陷古近系戴南组孔隙演化及次生孔隙成因分析

金湖凹陷戴南组储层总体为一套中低孔-中低渗碎屑储层,次生孔隙是本区最有效、最重要的孔隙类型,而搞清次生孔隙的分布规律及其成因成为下一步有利储层预测的关键。文中综合利用岩心、普通薄片、铸体薄片、扫描电镜及物性参数等资料,对戴南组储层的岩石类型、物性特征、孔隙类型及次生孔隙分布规律进行了综合分析,并从溶蚀作用的发育条件入手探讨了次生孔隙的成因,以期为下一步有利储层预测和勘探开发提供科学依据。研究认为,金湖凹陷戴南组碎屑岩储层主要发育于三角洲、扇三角洲和滨浅湖,受沉积相带控制,储层类型复杂,以不等粒砂岩、含砾不等粒砂岩、细砂岩及粉砂岩为主,不同地区岩性存在差异。根据岩性三角图,砂岩类型以长石岩屑质石英砂岩为主。砂岩成分成熟度中等偏低,结构成熟度中等。戴南组砂岩孔隙度峰值分布在12.0%~14.0%,渗透率峰值分布在1~10 mD。不同沉积环境和地区储层物性也存在一定差异。三角洲前缘亚相的储层物性最好,平均孔隙度约19.4%,平均渗透率约134.2 mD,岩性以细砂岩为主,主要分布于研究区西部和中部。扇三角洲物性次之,平均孔隙度约12.5%,平均渗透率约6.2 mD,岩性以含砾不等粒砂岩为主,位于桐城断裂带东南部便1井附近。滨浅湖亚相的储层物性最差,岩性以粉砂岩为主,平均孔隙度约8.3%,平均渗透率约2.3 mD。戴南组储层孔隙分为原生孔隙和次生孔隙两大类,以次生粒间溶蚀孔隙为主。溶蚀孔隙包括粒间溶孔、粒内溶孔和铸模孔。粒间溶孔多由粒间碳酸盐胶结物如方解石、白云石、铁方解石等溶蚀后形成,粒内溶孔主要是长石及碳酸盐岩屑被选择性溶解而形成,可见白云石晶粒溶解留下的铸模孔。戴南组储层中的原生孔隙相对较少,主要以石英次生加大后的残余粒间孔的形式存在,发育于埋藏较浅的井如新庄1井、关1-1井。戴南组储层孔隙经历了由原生到次生的演化过程。总体上,在浅于约1 100 m,储层主要处于早成岩A阶段,以原生孔隙为主。在1 100~1 500 m,储层处于早成岩B阶段,形成混合孔隙段。超过1 500 m,储层进入中成岩A阶段,原生孔隙消失殆尽,基本上以次生孔隙为主。戴南组储层存在3个次生孔隙发育带:第一次生孔隙发育带在1 200~1 600 m,分布于埋藏相对较浅-中等的井区;第二次生孔隙发育带分布在1 800~2 800 m;第三次生孔隙发育带在2 900~3 000 m左右。第一、二次生孔隙发育带次生孔隙的绝对值较大,说明溶蚀作用较强。戴南组储层次生孔隙发育与方解石、白云石胶结物的溶蚀及长石碎屑和碳酸盐岩岩屑的溶蚀有关。烃源岩成熟排烃是次生孔隙发育的主控因素;碳酸盐胶结物发育提供了次生孔隙发育的物质基础;长石的溶蚀对次生孔隙发育有一定的贡献;次生孔隙的形成与黏土矿物的相互转化有一定的关系;断裂活动进一步促使了次生孔隙的发育。     

基于岩石物理相的储集层分类评价:以北部湾盆地乌石凹陷东区始新统流沙港组三段Ⅱ油组为例*

目前储集层分类方法多数只是从储集层的物性特征角度进行分类,而没有从储集层的成因机制进行分类。通过利用分析化验资料、钻测井资料和测试资料,对北部湾盆地乌石凹陷东区始新统流沙港组三段Ⅱ油组(L₃Ⅱ油组)的沉积特征、成岩作用和构造特征进行分析,进而研究其对储集层物性的影响,并对储集层进行分类。结果表明: L₃Ⅱ油组主要发育扇三角洲内前缘水下分流河道、外前缘水下分流河道和席状砂3种沉积微相;成岩相主要识别出泥质杂基充填相、不稳定组分溶蚀相和强压实致密相3种成岩相;裂缝相则以无裂缝相为主,局部可观察到高角度和网状裂缝相。在此基础上通过三者的叠加对储集层的岩石物理相进行分类命名,划分出内前缘水下分流河道—泥质杂基充填相—高角度裂缝相等9种不同的岩石物理相。根据不同的岩石物理相特征,总结归纳出了Ⅰ类好储集层、Ⅱ类中等储集层和Ⅲ类差储集层共3类储集层,实现了从储集层成因机制的角度对储集层进行分类和评价。     

岩石学组成及其成岩演化过程对致密砂岩储集质量与产能的影响:以鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界盒8天然气储层为例

在岩心观察基础上,通过常规、铸体与荧光薄片镜下观察与定量统计,图像粒度与图像孔喉、毛细管压力、孔隙度与渗透率、流体包裹体均一温度测定,结合LA-ICP-MS碎屑锆石微区U-Pb定年等物源示踪成果,研究了鄂尔多斯盆地北部上古生界盒8段致密砂岩的类型与岩石学组成及其成岩演化过程对各砂岩孔隙结构、储集性能与产能的影响.结果显示:砂岩类型、岩石学组分及其原始物性特征主要受源区母岩性质的控制,其经历的成岩演化过程存在一定差异,后者决定了各砂岩孔隙发育特征、储集性能的优劣及产能的大小.石英砂岩与岩屑石英砂岩经历了复杂的多期成岩作用过程,前者的粒间溶孔和高岭石晶间微孔与微溶孔发育,其储集性能及含气性最好;后者较发育的绿泥石薄膜保存了较多的原生粒间孔,加之粘土矿物与凝灰质填隙物中大量晶间微孔与微溶孔较发育,其储集性能与含气性次之.高塑性岩屑砂岩与钙质胶结砂岩经历的成岩演化过程相对较简单,前者经历早成岩阶段强烈压实作用后大部分已成为低孔低渗、部分成为致密储层;碳酸盐胶结物是导致钙质胶结砂岩低孔、低渗-致密储层的主要胶结物,此类砂岩经历中成岩阶段A期之后,基本成为致密的非储层.研究成果对于深入理解致密砂岩成岩-烃类充注演化序列及致密化过程与机理,寻找天然气储层“甜点”均具有重要的理论意义与实际意义.      

Pleistocene decalcification of Late Pliocene Red Crag shelly sands from Walton-on-the-Naze, England

Uppermost sands of the Red Crag at Walton-on-the-Naze (Essex) and elsewhere in East Anglia have been decalcified to iron-stained quartz sands. In contrast, lower sands are only minimally altered and contain aragonitic and calcitic shells. Aragonitic shells are slightly dissolved (chalkified), but calcitic shells are unaffected. Cementation is limited to an addition of iron oxides, now mainly haematite, which also coat carbonate grains. Abundant iron-oxide fines in the upper decalcified sands were liberated from the coatings of shells; shells that have since dissolved. The diagenetic nature of the contact between decalcified upper and unaffected lower sands is evident where it transects cross-bedding. The contact is knife-sharp, even smoothly truncating large shells, and is usually planar and subhorizontal. Shelly sands immediately beneath the boundary contain similar amounts of aragonitic material, as do sands further below. Locally the decalcification boundary has been contorted by cryoturbation, implying that carbonate dissolution was a Pleistocene event. Decalcification probably occurred when the area was affected by permafrost. Lower sands were cemented by ice and protected from dissolution. Upper sands were above the ice table and subject to chemically aggressive waters during summer thaws. Decalcification is believed to have taken place during an episode of climate amelioration when downward retreat of the ice table accompanied replacement of tundra by boreal forest. Highly acidic and podzolic soils developed, beneath which shell-carbonate dissolved. Sharp based decalcified zones in Lowestoft Till and Devensian deposits in other parts of England can also be attributed to dissolution associated with permafrost.     

准噶尔盆地玛北地区三叠系百口泉组储层成岩相特征

通过岩芯观察、薄片鉴定、扫描电镜分析、测井和录井资料分析,对准噶尔盆地玛北地区三叠系百口泉组的储层特征和成岩作用特征进行了研究,结果表明该区主要发育砂砾岩、不等粒砾岩、含砾砂岩、细砂岩等,储层成分成熟度和结构成熟度均较低;储层主要经历了压实作用、胶结作用、溶蚀作用的改造,且泥质杂基含量对储层成岩作用及孔隙演化产生了较大的影响。在综合储层岩石学特征、成岩作用特征、泥质杂基含量对储层影响的基础上,建立了研究区成岩相划分方案,将砂砾岩储层划分为6个成岩相:高成熟强溶蚀相、高成熟中胶结中溶蚀相、高成熟强压实弱溶蚀相、高成熟强胶结相、低成熟强压实相、低成熟强胶结相;不同的成岩相反映了不同的沉积环境和成岩作用的关系,与储层的孔隙类型及物性条件存在着密切关系,具有不同的成岩序列特征、孔隙演化模式、剖面及平面展布特征,这种剖面和平面分布特征可为优质储层的预测提供借鉴。     

塔中地区卡塔克1区块东河砂岩地震储层预测研究

采用基于地震波形分类的地震相分析与沉积相解释、波阻抗约束稀疏脉冲反演、地震多属性储层预测及油气检测等针对岩性油气藏的储层地震预测技术，从塔中地区卡塔克1区块泥盆系东河砂岩储层的生储盖组合条件及相关的地震地质特点出发，利用卡1三维地震资料开展目的层系的目标精细解释，结合已有的钻探、测井和测试等资料，揭示了东河砂岩储层砂体的空间展布特征，圈定出砂岩发育带，并对有利储层段的潜在含油气性进行了综合预测和评价。     

塔里木盆地巴楚—麦盖提地区泥盆系储层特征及影响因素

通过钻井岩芯、岩石薄片及铸体薄片观察,结合压汞分析等手段,分析了塔里木盆地巴楚—麦盖提地区泥盆系储层岩石学特征及物性演化特征。研究结果表明:泥盆系储层岩性以石英砂岩、岩屑石英砂岩为主。泥盆系东河塘组沉积环境为滨岸沉积,前滨滩砂物性最好,原生孔隙发育,属于特低孔特低渗储层;克孜尔塔格组为三角洲--潮坪沉积,以水上分流河道砂体物性最好,次生孔隙发育,属于特低孔特低渗--低孔低渗储层。储层砂体中压实作用、硅质胶结作用十分普遍,硅质胶结多以加大边形式存在;碳酸盐胶结在储层中相对发育,充填于岩石孔隙或交代其他碎屑颗粒,降低储层孔隙度与渗透率,表现为破坏性成岩作用;溶解作用对储层影响较大,有助于提高储层物性,表现为建设性成岩作用。     

Diagenesis in the Middle Jurassic Khatatba Formation sandstones in the Shoushan Basin,northern Western Desert,Egypt

The Middle Jurassic Khatatba Formation acts as a hydrocarbon reservoir in the subsurface in the Western Desert, Egypt. This study, which is based on core samples from two exploration boreholes, describes the lithological and diagenetic characteristics of the Khatatba Formation sandstones. The sandstones are fine‐ to coarse‐grained, moderately to well‐sorted quartz arenites, deposited in fluvial channels and in a shallow‐marine setting. Diagenetic components include mechanical and chemical compaction, cementation (calcite, clay minerals, quartz overgrowths, and a minor amount of pyrite), and dissolution of calcite cements and feldspar grains. The widespread occurrence of an early calcite cement suggests that the Khatatba sandstones lost a significant amount of primary porosity at an early stage of its diagenetic history. In addition to calcite, several different cements including kaolinite and syntaxial quartz overgrowth occur as pore‐filling and pore‐lining cements. Kaolinite (largely vermicular) fills pore spaces and causes reduction in the permeability of the reservoir. Based on framework grain–cement relationships, precipitation of the early calcite cement was either accompanied by or followed the development of part of the pore‐lining and pore‐filling cements. Secondary porosity development occurred due to partial to complete dissolution of early calcite cements and feldspar. Late kaolinite clay cement occurs due to dissolved feldspar and has an impact on the reservoir quality of the Khatatba sandstones. Open hydraulic fractures also generated significant secondary porosity in sandstone reservoirs, where both fractures and dissolution took place in multiple phases during late diagenetic stages. The diagenesis and sedimentary facies help control the reservoir quality of the Khatatba sandstones. Fluvial channel sandstones have the highest porosities and permeabilities, in part because of calcite cementation, which inhibited authigenic clays or was later dissolved, creating intergranular secondary porosity. Fluvial crevasse‐splay and marine sandstones have the lowest reservoir quality because of an abundance of depositional kaolinite matrix and pervasive, shallow‐burial calcite and quartz overgrowth cements, respectively. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

应用多尺度资料研究川西大邑构造上三叠统须家河组成岩储集相*

利用丰富的岩心、测井和地震资料,以薄片镜下观察、岩心物性分析、测井曲线交会、地震速度反演等作为手段,对大邑构造上三叠统须家河组储集层成岩储集相的类型、成岩储集相的地质与测井响应特征、以及优质成岩储集相的演化序列与平面分布开展了半定量—定量研究,以期深化低渗透砂岩储集层的地质理论和指导该地区气田的高效开发。结果表明,研究区砂岩可划分为4类成岩储集相,即强破裂杂基溶孔—微孔—裂缝成岩储集相、强压实微孔成岩储集相、强压实致密成岩储集相和强胶结致密成岩储集相。采用声波、密度、电阻率和自然伽马曲线交会的方法可有效识别各类成岩储集相。强破裂杂基溶孔—微孔—裂缝成岩储集相物性最好,为优质成岩储集相,其岩石类型以石英砂岩为主,经历了强烈的压实作用和破裂作用,孔隙度3％～8％,渗透率大于0.5×10^-3 μm²,主要发育在构造高部位的分流河道和水下分流河道砂体中,沉积因素和构造因素对其平面分布起到了重要控制作用。     

鄂尔多斯盆地正宁地区延长组长6、长8砂岩储层成岩作用特征

鄂尔多斯盆地正宁地区主要储集岩——三叠系延长组长6、长8砂岩,是典型的低孔低渗储集岩,具有粒径细、成分成熟度低、磨圆度较差、分选性差的特点。运用铸体薄片、X衍射、电镜扫描、镜质体反射率测定及物性分析等资料,研究了延长组长6、长8段的成岩作用特征,分析了它们对储层物性的影响状况,确定了储层砂岩的成岩作用阶段．成岩阶段普遍达到晚成岩A期;成岩作用对本区砂岩储层孔隙演化起着重要的控制作用,成岩早期浅埋藏阶段的机械压实作用和成岩晚期的铁方解石和铁白云石胶结作用是储层孔隙度降低和物性变差的主要原因。     

塔里木盆地塔中地区奥陶系碳酸盐岩储层空隙研究

空隙是构成碳酸盐岩储层的基本单元,空隙发育史对应了成岩演化史,且不同类型空隙的储层具有不同的分布规律。塔里木盆地塔中地区奥陶系碳酸盐岩储层的空隙可以分为６类２１种,以裂缝—孔洞型为主,礁、丘、滩相碳酸盐岩、中—细晶白云岩与古岩溶和构造岩溶的复合区为有利空隙发育带,也是风化壳型油气藏和内幕型油气藏的有利储集相带。     

四川盆地广安地区上三叠统须家河组四段低孔渗砂岩成岩相类型划分及半定量评价

成岩相是在一定沉积和成岩环境下经历了一定成岩演化阶段的产物,包括岩石颗粒、胶结物、组构和孔洞缝特征及其演化的综合面貌。成岩相的研究已成为低孔渗砂岩当前勘探阶段的研究重点。将广安地区须家河组四段划分为五种成岩相类型:粗中粒砂岩火山岩屑较强溶蚀低孔特低渗成岩相、火山岩屑弱溶蚀—强压实特低孔超低渗成岩相、中细粒砂岩压实致密相、中粗粒岩屑石英砂岩硅质胶结致密相以及方解石胶结致密相,并建立了不同类型成岩相的测井曲线特征。在单井成岩相分析基础上,通过编制成岩相的厚度百分含量等值线图、厚度等值线图、成岩相平面分布图等对成岩相进行了半定量化评价。