贵州织金磷矿岩元素地球化学特征

采用电感耦合等离子体-质谱仪(ICP-MS)对贵州织金戈仲伍剖面戈仲伍组磷矿岩样品的微量、稀土元素含量进行了测定。戈仲伍组磷矿岩主要为生物碎屑白云岩、硅质磷块岩,普遍形成生物碎屑结构,以小壳类动物化石及藻类化石为主。分析结果表明,磷矿岩中As、Sb等微量元素富集,Co/Ni的比值为0.14,明显小于1;U/Th比值介于1.27~7.39之间,平均值为3.40;在lgw(U)-lgw(Th)关系图、Cr-Zr的关系图中样品点几乎都落在热水沉积区,表现出热水沉积成因的地球化学特征。磷矿岩中普遍富集稀土元素,含稀土总量∑REE较高,尤其富集Y重稀土元素;磷矿岩具Ce负异常,指示环境处于氧化程度相对较高状态;稀土元素北美页岩标准化模式曲线为帽状形态,指示在磷矿岩形成过程中有生物或有机质参与作用;磷矿岩普遍具Eu正异常、稀土总量较高、∑LREE/∑HREE比值较高的特征,暗示戈仲伍组磷矿岩具有正常海相沉积伴有海相热水沉积混合成因的特征。     

贵州织金新华含稀土磷矿床稀土元素地球化学及生物成矿基本特征

对贵州织金新华含稀土磷矿床进行的稀土元素及微量元素分析结果表明，磷块岩中普遍富集稀土元素，稀土总量∑REE较高，并富集Y元素及La，Nd等轻稀土元素。LREE／HREE比值较高。含稀土磷块岩普遍具Ce负异常，显示其对源区的继承性。指示成磷环境处于氧化程度相对较高状态。稀土元素球粒陨石标准化模式曲线、北美页岩标准化模式曲线、Ce元素异常、LREE／HREE比值、微量元素特征及岩石矿物特征表明，织金新华含稀土磷矿床具以正常海相生物-化学沉积等为主伴有海相热水沉积混合成因的特征。在磷矿成矿过程中沉积物沉积时，活体生物及死亡残骸不同程度地摄取和富集了La，Nd，Ce等稀土元素、Y元素及其他微量元素，沉积在含磷层位，构成大量的含稀土、含生物碎屑白云质磷块岩。     

贵州织金磷块岩稀土元素富集特征与制约因素:以摩天冲矿段2204号钻孔为例

织金磷矿区摩天冲矿段戈仲伍组稀土元素含量高,磷块岩的∑REE和Y含量平均分别约为650×10~(-6)和200×10~(-6)。岩石学、矿物学及主微量元素地球化学分析表明,稀土元素的富集特征及制约因素为:1)稀土元素在剖面上含量变化受岩石类型影响大,由白云岩→含磷白云岩→白云质磷块岩→磷块岩→黑色(碳质)磷块岩,∑REE和Y含量依次增加;2)∑REE和Y含量与岩石的P2O5含量均呈正相关,反映出∑REE和Y含量可能与岩石中P的化学成分和矿物成分密切相关;3)戈仲伍组中下段胶磷矿主要为砂屑结构,矿物颗粒以柱状、条状为主,并含有一定数量的生物碎屑,戈仲伍组上段主要为粉屑结构,矿物颗粒以椭圆形、圆形粒状为主,P2O5含量与稀土元素含量在中下段较高,而在上段相对较低,推测稀土元素的富集可能与矿物结构和生物活动有关,生物有利于稀土元素尤其是轻稀土的富集;4)磷块岩稀土元素后太古代澳大利亚页岩(PAAS)标准化配分图显示中稀土富集的"帽型"配分模式,Ce明显负异常,LREE/HREE比值约大于5,反映轻稀土富集;戈仲伍组磷块岩的Ce/Ce*均-0.1,反映磷块岩沉积时环境为氧化状态,氧化的沉积环境可能有利于磷和稀土的富集,通过Ce/Ce*与LaN/NdN负相关关系,说明轻稀土的富集可能与古海水的氧化还原条件有关,在越氧化的条件下,轻稀土越富集。     

贵州织金新华含稀土磷矿床稀土元素地球化学研究

对贵州织金新华含稀土磷矿床进行的稀土元素及微量元素分析结果表明,磷块岩中普遍富集稀土元素,含稀土总量∑REE较高,并富集Y、La、Nd等重稀土及轻稀土元素.LREE/HREE比值较高,但低于上部围岩之值.含稀土磷块岩普遍具Ce的负异常,显示其对源区的继承性,也指示成磷环境处于氧化程度相对较高状态.稀土元素球粒陨石标准化模式曲线、北美页岩标准化模式曲线、Ce元素异常、LREE/HREE比值、微量元素特征及岩石矿物特征表明,织金新华含稀土磷矿床具以正常海相生物-化学沉积等为主伴有海相热水沉积混合成因的特征.文中讨论了含稀土磷块岩氧化矿石中稀土元素的迁移富集规律及特征.     

黔北铝土矿稀土元素富集机制——以新民铝土矿为例

通过对黔北新民铝土矿岩矿石稀土元素的系统分析,探讨了黔北铝土矿稀土元素特征与富集机制。研究发现:黄龙组灰岩呈"平坦型"稀土元素配分模式,韩家店群泥岩、梁山组炭质泥岩及大竹园组(含矿岩系)呈"右倾型"轻稀土富集特征,而大竹园组随着风化作用的增强从陡"右倾型"的铝质泥岩→缓"右倾型"的豆状、致密块状、碎屑状铝土矿→缓"左倾型"土状铝土矿的特征。且含矿岩系由底到顶,∑REE具减少趋势,顺着其倾向∑REE有下降趋势,沿着走向其有升高趋势;这受到不同底板岩性及厚度大小的影响,底板泥岩比灰岩更易使含矿岩系富集稀土,同为灰岩,其厚度越大其稀土总量有富集趋势。而∑REE受到矿物组合(岩性)控制,其有"含独高稀,鲕粒富稀,豆状少稀,高铝贫稀"特征。对实验数据进行分析和做相关性图解(Sr/Ba—∑REE、Sr/Cu—∑REE、δCe—∑REE、δEu—∑REE)可知,在干热气候的海相咸水环境更易使稀土富集,虽含矿岩系主要是在氧化环境中形成,但高∑REE样品易在还原环境中富集。     

贵州织金磷块岩型稀土矿地球化学特征

贵州织金磷块岩型稀土矿产于梅树村期戈仲伍组含磷地层,现探明资源量350万吨,其中Y元素占30%以上,为超大型稀土矿床。本文选取4个典型钻孔、一处露头和一采矿坑进行采样,并利用扫描电镜、电子探针、X荧光光谱、和电感耦合等离子体质谱仪对样品的矿石特征和地球化学特征进行了分析。结果表明,稀土元素主要富集于戈仲武组下部的砂屑磷块岩和具层纹构造磷块岩的深色部分,不以独立矿物形式存在,而与磷灰石关系密切。从Fe/Ti、(Fe+Mn)/Ti、Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)比值,As和Sb富集情况,U-Th关系,稀土元素配分模式,δEu异常情况,均反映含矿岩系具有热水沉积成因特征,综合分析认为,戈仲伍组富稀土样品具有热水和风化特征,稀土富集可能与热水沉积或风化改造有关。     

新疆包尔图铜矿稀土元素地球化学特征及其地质意义

包尔图铜矿床位于南天山库米什洋盆俯冲变质带的边缘,矿体受断裂构造控制。矿区围岩为一套中深变质岩,其稀土元素组成具有如下特征:∑REE较高,LREE/HREE=2.46～16.86,轻重稀土元素明显分异,且轻稀土相对富集,负铕异常,配分模式曲线向右倾斜。矿石的∑REE相对较低,LREE/HREE=0.06～0.97,轻重稀土元素明显分异,重稀土相对富集,配分曲线向左倾斜,与混合岩脉体的稀土元素配分模式相近。稀土元素组成特征指示矿床的成矿过程可能与混合岩化作用有关。结合矿床地质特征,认为包尔图铜矿床为变质热液型铜矿床。     

贵州织金新华含稀土磷矿床矿区土壤稀土元素分布特征

稀土元素分析结果表明,贵州织金新华含稀土磷矿床矿区上层土壤中普遍富集稀土元素．其∑REE较高,但比含稀土磷块岩低．表明磷块岩在风化过程中已有部分稀土元素流失。轻稀土元素La、Ce及Y大量集中,LREE／HREE比值较高,说明岩石在风化过程中形成的粘土矿物对稀土元素有一定的吸附作用。但是粘土矿物对稀土元素的吸附量小于REE易溶配合物的流失量。稀土元素球粒陨石标准化模式曲线及Ce异常等特征表明,织金新华含稀土磷矿床矿区土壤中稀土元素分配模式继承了原岩特征。     

论570矿床稀土元素特征及地球化学演化

本文对５７０矿床新鲜岩石、蚀变岩石的稀土元素进行了地球化学研究。稀土元素特征表明，矿区基底花岗岩的成因类似华南改造型花岗岩；火山岩可能是基底变质深熔作用形成；次花岗斑岩与火山岩同源。在弱酸性－中性热液蚀变（赤铁矿化和水云母化）过程中，稀土元素的变化不大，仅表现为稀土总量有所增减；而碱性蚀变（碱交代和碳酸盐化）则一方面表现出稀土总量的变化，另一方面轻、重稀土的分馏程度也有变化。矿石中稀土总量，特别是重稀土含量普遍升高，这一特征可以作为铀成矿的指示标志。     

平顶山金矿床的稀土元素地球化学特征

平顶山金矿床的矿石、石英脉、蚀变花岗岩、细晶闪长岩及蚀变闪长玢岩等的稀土元素地球化学特征是：蚀变花岗岩、矿石、石英脉三者的稀土配分曲线基本相似,轻稀土富集型而重稀土则相对较贫。而蚀变闪长玢岩脉及细晶岩脉的稀土总量较前三者高出许多,具较明显的铕负异常。这些特征指示了成矿热液可能来源于花岗岩侵入后的岩浆期后热液。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an