夜间灯光遥感数据的GDP空间化处理方法

 随着夜间灯光遥感数据的应用日渐成熟和资源环境研究领域,对空间型社会经济数据的需求增加,利用相关分析和回归分析的方法,首次定量探讨夜间灯光数据与统计型的社会经济数据的空间关系。为提高模型精度,按照我国省级行政边界分区建模,分析全国县级的地区生产总值、第一产业、第二产业、第三产业分别与夜间灯光指数的空间相关关系,最终建立全国的1km GDP密度图。结果表明,全国范围的夜间灯光数据与第一产业的相关性不明显,相关系数0.554,模型拟合效果差,R²为0.306;夜间灯光数据与地区生产总值、第二产业、第三产业均有明显的对数线性关系,尤其是与第二产业和第三产业之和,相关系数为0.824,R²为0.679。利用分区模型估算,生成的GDP密度图能较完整地反映全国社会经济分布详况,以及宏观分布特征。     

ON THE OPENING-UP AND DEVELOPMENT OF SHANGHAIS PUDONG NEW AREA

In the development of Pudong, a strategic idea and goal ought to be fully realized, that is: with the development of Pudong as a lead, to further open up the cities along the Chang jiang (Yangtze) River, build Shanghai into an international center for economy, finance and trade, thus to spark a new economic take-off in the Changjiang River Delta and the whole Changjiang River Basin.To develop Pudong, the infrastructure construction must be developed first; and the development of primary, secondary and tertiary industries must be well coordinated. At present, the stress should be laid on tertiary sectors like finance, foreign trade, commerce, real estate, far-ocean transport, post and telecommunication, information and travelling service and so on. In the secondary industry, export processing and high and new technological industries should be put first, while the original raw-material industry should be improved in processing depth. As to the primary industry, a metropolitan suburban agriculture should     

A STUDY ON LOCATION OF TOWNSHIP INDUSTRY IN SHANGHAI SUBURBS

The township industry in Shanghai suburbs has undergone a rapid development in the past few years. Aimed at studying the spatial law of the township industry in Shanghai suburbs, three kinds of indexes including distribution density, economic benefit, and regional structure are selected and analysed using correlation analysis method. There are 12 indexes in total. It is found that the locational variation of the township industry in Shanghai suburbs conforms to the following distribution equation:y=ae-bx (x> 5)The above equation has been more and more conforming to the real distribution of the township industry. It is obvious that decreasing trend from inner suburban districts to outer suburban districts is an important character of the locational variation of the township industry of Shanghai suburbs. The fact is closely related with the radiation intensity of the urban economy and the locational superiority for the development of township industry. The regional strategies of the township industry of S     

Evolution of population, resources, environment and integrated strategy of their development in Shanghai

Study on coordiantion among population(P), resources(R), environment(E), and development(D) (PRED) has comprehensive and extensive contents, which serves as the core of sustainable development. Since the 1980s, PRED has been becoming one of the most important regional studies in China. Based on existing research and collected data, this study analyses the course of the PRED evolution in Shanghai during 1978–1995. Seven indicators were selected to assess the evolution characteristics and interaction mechanism of Shanghai PRED, including growth rate of GDP, growth rate of population, growth rate of industry energy consumption etc. These indicators were designed to reflect representativeness, relativity and data availability. This study showed that there was obvious asynchronous among indicators and annual change of single indicator lacked of regularity, coordination between environment and economic remains the main challenge facing Shanghai, and the key readjusted factors will be population growth rate, GDP growth rate and per residential area growth rate. The study further pointed out that plan, structure and system power were equally important for the more coordinate development in Shanghai. Detailed dicussion on the systematic measurement in each aspect of P, R, E, D indicated that higher development level is the essential basis for Shanghai PRED coordination. Foundation item: Qimingxin Scheme Sponsored by Shanghai Science and Technology Committee. Biography: YUAN Wen(1965–), female, a native of Changzhou City, Jiangsu Prorince, Ph. D in environmental evolution and sustainable development, associate professor of East China Normal University.     

On the opening-up and development of shanghai’s pudong new area

In the development of Pudong, a strategic idea and goal ought to be fully realized, that is: with the development of Pudong as a lead, to further open up the cities along the Changjiang (Yangtze) River, build Shanghai into an international center for economy, finance and trade, thus to spark a new economic take- off in the Changjiang River Delta and the whole Changjiang River Basin. To develop Pudong, the infrastructure construction must be developed first; and the development of primary, secondary and teriary industries must be well coordinated. At present, the stress should be laid on tertiary sectors like finance, foreign trade, comerce, real estate, far-ocean transport, post and telecommunication, information and travelling service and so on. In the secondary industry, export processing and high and new technological industries should be put first, while the original raw-material industry should be improved in processing depth. As to the primary industry, a metropolitan suburban agriculture should be established. In spatial distribution, the present extension has been eastward along the Huangpu River axis. By the end of this century, five districts: Waigaoqiao-Gaoqiao, Qingningsi-Jinqiao, Lujiazui-Huamu, Zhoujiadu-Liuli and Beicai-Zhangjiang, will be developed. Meanwhile, it must be well coordinated between developing Pudong and reforming Puxi.     

精准水稻种植信息系统结构、管理与应用

精准农业是当今世界农业发展的新潮流 ,中国 2 1世纪农业的发展方向之一。稻谷产量占我国粮食总产量的 4 0 %左右 ,实现精准水稻种植具有重大意义。在上海市农工商现代化农业园区“精准农业试验与示范基地”开展的水稻精准种植试验 ,结果与其他地块相比较 ,化肥使用量减少 1 5 % ,单产提高 8% ,总收益提高 1 8%。精准水稻种植信息系统是实现水稻精准种植的核心 ,目前完成 PRC/ INFO1 .0版本的开发 ,本文介绍了系统的结构、功能和技术特点。     

闽南金三角地区经济增长与产业重心的时空演变

闽南金三角地区已成为中国东南沿海重要的经济增长高地。然而,在同城化背景下,该地区的城市空间重组、区域协调等问题凸显,严重制约了区域可持续发展。本文运用重心模型揭示了2000-2012年闽南金三角经济增长以及三次产业重心迁移的时空演变特征与规律,并用Nich指数进一步分析三次产业差异。结果表明:(1)闽南金三角地区极化发展现象突出,2000年以来地区经济增长重心与二、三产业重心高度集聚于厦门市东北部,且东西向极化现象较明显;(2)厦、泉两地经济增长博弈激烈,2008年后第三产业开始回迁,且其对经济增长有一定的牵引效应,地区间第二产业非均衡性发展有所收敛;(3)第一产业重心往西南地区迁移的直线型态势显著,漳州市二、三产业发展均滞后于厦、泉地区。     

REGIONAL EFFECTS BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF SUZHOU INDUSTRY GARDEN

１　ＡＤＶＡＮＣＩＮＧＯＦＴＨＥＱＵＥＳＴＩＯＮＡＮＤＣＯＮＳＴＲＵＣＴＩＯＮＢＡＣＫＧＲＯＵＮＤＯＦＳＵＺＨＯＵＩＮＤＵＳＴＲＹＧＡＲＤＥＮＰｅｒｒｏｘｇａｖｅｓｐｅｃｉａｌａｔｔｅｎｔｉｏｎｔｏｔｈｅｅｆｆｅｃｔｏｆｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔｉｔｅｍｓａｎｄｃｏｎｓｔｒｕｃｔｉｏｎｏｆｉｎｆｒａｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅｗｈｅｎｈｅｄｉｓｃｕｓｓｅｄｔｈｅｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎｏｆｇｒｏｗｔｈｐｏｌｅ（Ｌｉ，１９８８）．Ｌｏｔｓｏｆｄｏｍｅｓｔｉｃｓｃｈｏｌａｒｓｈａｖｅａｌｓｏｐｒｏｂｅｄｉｎｔｏｔｈｉ…     

空间同位模式支持下城市服务业关联发现及特征分析

空间同位模式分析是数据挖掘中一种常见的方法,可有效挖掘城市设施在空间位置上的关联特征,进而发现城市设施的分布规律。本文基于POI数据同位模式挖掘用来获取城市服务业空间关联结构：首先,通过邻近实例获取、同位候选模式存储与筛选,得到城市服务业二阶同位模式;然后,据此构造产业空间关联图,得到产业间的关联结构;最后,分别构造了产业空间关联图密度和产业空间关联显著指数,用来衡量城市服务业空间关联的紧密程度和整体关联的显著程度。本文选取成都、兰州、郑州、沈阳、上海与深圳为试验区,实验结果表明：不同城市服务业的空间关联结构存在共性与特殊性,整体上,餐饮、购物等与居民日常生活相关的服务业易与其他服务业产生空间强相关,这几类服务业内部空间集聚明显;成都与沈阳的服务业整体表现空间关联度高且紧密,兰州其次,上海与深圳的服务业则整体表现空间关联较弱,郑州的服务业空间关联较紧密但强度较低。     

MEASUREMENT OF AGGLOMERATION ECONOMIES AT COUNTY LEVEL IN JIANGSU PROVINCE

1INTRODUCTIONAgglomeration economies have played important rolesin the growth of regional economies in developed coun-tries, which has been a hot topic of empirical studies fora couple of decades (GLAESER etal., 1992). However,the researches on the relati…     

THE DIFFERENCE OF ECONOMIC FUNCTION AND THE TRENDS OF INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT IN CENTRAL CITIES ALONG THE XIJIANG RIVER

TheXijiangRiveristhemainwaterwayacrosseastandwestinSouthernChina.ItsmaincoursebacksontothewestofGuangdongandthesouthwestofChina,withitsexitthroughHongKong,MacaoandSoutheasternAsia.Ithasawidehinterlandandconvenientwatertransportation.AlongtheXijiangRiver,thecentralcitiesarethecities,whichspreadalongtheXijiangRiver'smaincourse,theZhujiangRiver'sdeltaandoutlet,andBosehasbeenselectedasarepresentativecityintheupperreachesoftheXijiangRiver.Theytotal12cities,includingGuangzhou,Shenzhen,Zhuh…     

Evolvement characteristics of population and economic gravity centers in tarim river basin, uygur autonomous region of xinjiang, China

Using the data at the county levcl and the regional gravity center model, we calculated six key socio-economic gravity centers, namely population, GDP, output values of primary, secondary and tertiary industries, and arable land area in the Tarim River Basin for each year from 1980 to 2009. We inspected the spatial dynamics of these centers and found that the gravity centers of population and economy evolved simultaneously. The disproportional growth between the population and the economy is also analyzed. The results show that： 1） The gravity centers of the GDR the output values of the main three industries and arable land area show migration trending from southwest to northeast, while the population gravity center shows an excessive growth in the southwest during the same time period. The migration amplitude of the GDP and output values of primary industry, secondary industry, tertiary industry are measurably higher than that of the population. 2） The population gravity center has a negative correlation with the gravity centers of secondary and tertiary industries output values in both longitudinal and latitudinal directions, and a positive correlation with that of primary industry output value in the longitudinal direction. Based on the analysis of correlation coefficient and offset distance, the imbalance between the population and the economy has increased since the 1980s, with regional economic differences now exceeding the international cordon.     

放射源监管信息系统的设计与集成

随着市场经济的发展和各个领域的进一步开放,作为一种高新技术产品,放射源已经广泛地应用于工业、农业、医学、资源、环境、军事、科学研究等领域。本研究在分析放射源对各个领域的具体用途和使用特点的基础上,分析了企业和环境监管部门管理的需要。通过对遥感系统(RS)、地理信息系统(GIS)、全球定位系统(GPS)、数据库、通信、网络技术等综合研究,设计开发了企业版和政府版的放射源监管信息系统,实现对放射源的监控与管理,为放射源监控管理和安全使用提出了一套较为有效的技术解决方案。从而减少由于放射源应用单位的管理能力参差不齐而导致的放射源丢失、被盗等事故,该系统在焦作市环境保护局的应用表明:基于空间信息集成技术的放射源监控信息系统的应用,为国内环境保护部门对放射性环境进行管理提供了较为可靠的技术手段,并发挥了重要的作用,较大程度地提高了放射源监控管理能力。同时,增强了放射源突发事件的应急处理处置能力,在保障社会公共安全和人民健康方面发挥了积极的作用。     

Basic features and trends of the economic base of Beijing

In China, systematic studies on economic base of a single city are very weak. Based on the 1990 census and relevant statistics during 1990 – 1994, a comparative study is conducted on Beijing, Shanghai and Tianjin. The major conclusions are as follows: (1) Beijing is not only the national political and cultural center, but also the national economic center, viz the commercial service center and the low water-consuming, light polluting, external economy-typed and knowledge-intensive manufacturing industrial center, which is appropriate for Beijing’s comparative advantage. (2) The high water-consuming, heavy polluting and regional market-oriented industry is overdeveloped as far as Beijing’s scarce water and other natural resources are concerned. (3) Beijing’s industrial base is smaller, more regional market-based, and the service base is more diverse, larger and more national market-based than Shanghai’s and Tianjin’s. (4) With the development of socialist market economy and implement of sustainable development strategy, the external economy-typed and knowledge-intensive manufacturing industry with lower input of water and less environmental pollution, and information-intensive service industries will centralize further, and the industry with higher input of water and/or severe environmental pollution will decentralize.     

自来水管网综合管理GIS系统的设计与建设

主要介绍上海市自来水市北有限公司管网综合管理GIS系统的概况和开发应用体会。对自来水行业的GIS系统设计与建设中的一些普遍性问题做了讨论,提出了便携GPS设备和手持GIS系统在户外工作领域的应用新思路。     

NEW DEVELOPMENT PATTERN AND COORDINATION WITH ENVIRONMENT FOR GREAT SHANGHAI

The urban construction of Shanghai will come into a new area since China has deciared to exploit and open Pudong. Based on the analysis on economic development of China and the world, the developmental strategy for Shanghai should take the following contents into consideration: 1) Shanghai should be built into one of the most important intemational and modern supercity in Asian-Pacifie Region. 2) Shanghai should keep the position of the largest economic center of China and important port city for international trade. 3) Shanghai should be taken as growth pole of the Changjiang River Delta. According to the considderations mentioned above, the spatial distribution patten and the management of environment are discassed.     

上海基础平台遥感数据在旧区改造信息系统中的应用

遥感数据作为一种信息量非常丰富的数据类型,在许多GIS系统中却没有发挥应有的作用,这是目前上海城市管理GIS系统应用面临的一个问题。本文以上海旧区改造信息管理系统构建与应用为例,通过介绍遥感数据在该系统中的应用方式,阐述了基础平台遥感数据如何发挥其应有的作用,成为旧区改造宏观管理中不可缺少的信息源。     

我国海洋文化产业竞争力评价指标体系与实证研究

以生产要素、产出效能、市场需求、创意人才、政府行为5个方面的15个相关评价指标构建海洋文化产业竞争力评价体系,并运用因子分析法对我国沿海9省市海洋文化产业竞争力进行分析。实证结果表明:广东的海洋文化产业综合竞争力高于其他省市,其产业效益指数最高;上海在消费市场指数排名第一;山东拥有雄厚的涉海高素质人才储备;江苏的海洋文化产业配套优于其他沿海省市。     

山东省矿山地质环境治理工作形势分析

山东是矿业大省,矿业在国民经济和社会发展中发挥着重要的基础作用。随着矿业经济的发展,矿产资源开发规模和强度不断增大,导致矿山地质灾害等一系列地质环境问题,严重地影响了矿业经济可持续发展,且危及社会稳定和人民生命财产安全。该文在剖析山东省地质环境问题及管理现状的基础上,总结了以往矿山地质环境恢复治理成效及项目安排情况,选取2个近年来实施的典型矿山地质环境治理项目对恢复治理效果情况进行了说明。对山东省地质环境管理发展趋势、地质环境问题发展控制能力进行了客观预测,提出相应的对策建议。     

Development strategies for the sea cucumber industry in China

The sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus, is an important marine aquaculture species in China. After nearly thirty years of development, the production of A. japonicus has become commercially lucrative and successful. In this report, current advances in sea cucumber industry are addressed in terms of the basic biology, culturing methods, and health care benefits. Next, the challenges restricting development of the sea cucumber industry are discussed, including weaknesses in the basic biological research, the problem of germplasm degradation, environmental stress caused by global climate change, and food safety problems. Finally, several strategies are presented that might contribute to sustainable development of the sea cucumber industry. These strategies include advances in genome studies, behavioral studies, selective breeding, ecological culture technologies, reforms in food safety management, and the development of health care functions based on contemporary medical practices. Thus, our work provides new insights into how to explore the sustainable development of the sea cucumber industry in the future.