软土深层搅拌桩的水泥土抗腐蚀性室内试验

结合深港西部通道填海区深层搅拌桩在滨海地下水环境中施工的需要,对水泥土在自来水、地下水、海水及Na2SO4溶液环境下的抗腐蚀性进行了室内研究,研究表明以纯水泥为固化剂的水泥土在腐蚀性地下水环境中的抗腐蚀性能较差,增加矿渣、粉煤灰的含量,能增强水泥土抗腐蚀性;分析了固化剂中矿渣、粉煤灰掺入量对水泥土抗压强度及抗腐蚀性的影响规律,即固化剂掺入比不变的情况下,用矿渣、粉煤灰替代部分水泥能大幅度提高水泥土的抗压强度,同时改善其抗腐蚀性;得出了抗腐蚀性能良好的水泥土配方,即矿渣、粉煤灰的质量占固化剂的40%～60%,可供同类工程借鉴.     

固化剂对软土强度影响的试验研究

不同固化剂对软土的加固效果有一定差异,且固化土的强度特性愈来愈受到重视。通过不同掺入比和不同龄期时固化土（新型固化剂#Ι）的无侧限抗压强度试验结果,分析了掺入比、龄期对固化土强度的影响。试验结果表明,固化剂#1对黏土的加固效果优于水泥,固化土的强度为水泥土的1.5～2.4倍;固化剂强度与龄期、掺入比关系密切,不同掺入比时随龄期的增长固化土强度的变化也有所不同。     

新型GS固化土与水泥土的力学特性对比研究

GS(Gypsum-Slag)土体硬化剂是一种由水泥、钢渣、矿渣和脱硫石膏及其他外加剂组成的新型土体固化材料。将GS土体硬化剂和水泥两种固化剂固化土作为研究对象,通过室内无侧限抗压强度试验和电镜扫描试验,研究固化土的应力-应变曲线以及土质、固化剂掺量、龄期对固化土力学性能的影响,观察其微观结构,进而对比分析GS土体硬化剂和水泥的特性,并进行现场试验加以验证。研究结果表明:相比水泥土,GS固化土应力-应变曲线存在明显峰值;GS固化土和水泥土的强度均随着掺量和龄期正增长,且GS固化土的长期强度更高;GS固化土和水泥土变形模量分别是其抗压强度的31.11~77.24倍和23.24~71.62倍;GS固化土现场成桩的完整性优于水泥土。相比水泥土,GS固化土具有强度增长快、后期强度高、经济效益好的特点,可较好满足地下工程和路基工程等土体加固应用需求。     

冻结水泥土无侧限抗压试验研究

城市地铁盾构进出洞及联络通道施工中常常采用水泥土预先加固辅以人工冻结法补充加固的施工工艺,为掌握冻结水泥土的力学性能及相关设计参数,开展了系列冻结水泥土无侧限抗压性能室内试验研究,研究结果表明:水泥土无侧限抗压强度随温度的降低、水泥掺入比的增加呈线性增大,随养护龄期的增加呈对数增大;水泥土的抗压强度和弹性模量随着温度的降低基本呈线性增大,在常温下随水泥掺入比呈线性增大,在-10℃下随水泥掺入比呈指数增大,并随着养护龄期的增加呈对数增大;温度、水泥掺入比和龄期三个因素中温度对水泥土抗压强度的影响最大;随水泥掺入比、龄期的增加,冻结水泥土与常温水泥土强度及弹性模量差异呈指数规律减小,最终趋于稳定比值.     

水泥土搅拌桩法在连云港海相软土地基中的应用

水泥土搅拌桩加固软土地基,其固化剂品种、掺量及施工工艺等都是影响桩身质量的重要因素。这里介绍了连云港海相软土地基水泥土搅拌桩法（湿法）加固的现场研究情况。试验结果表明,连云港海相软土地基宜选用矿渣水泥作固化剂,且掺入量不应小于21 %;采用变掺入量工艺（上多下少）有利于提高桩身上部的质量,改善桩的工作性能。研究结果对于类似工程软土地基的水泥土搅拌桩处理具有指导意义。     

工业废渣加固土强度特性

工业废渣的资源化是解决工业废渣环境污染的有效途径之一。以粉煤灰和高炉矿渣为固化剂,石灰为碱性激发剂,对黏土进行加固。通过室内试验的方法,分析固化剂掺入量、养护龄期等对固化土无侧限抗压强度、pH值和饱和度等发展规律的影响。试验结果表明,固化土的无侧限抗压强度随固化剂掺入量的增加而增大,随养护龄期的增加而增大,提出一个综合反映固化剂掺入量、养护龄期和压实度等因素对固化土强度影响规律的综合影响因子,固化土强度与综合影响因子呈负指数函数关系;粉煤灰+石灰和高炉矿渣+石灰可有效改良土体无侧限抗压强度特性;石灰是一种有效的碱性激发剂,可提供工业废渣发生火山灰反应的高碱性环境。试验成果为工业废渣改良不良土质的设计提供试验依据。     

电阻率测试技术在水泥土深层搅拌法工程中的应用研究

通过水泥土电阻率试验研究分析,可知水泥土电阻率与无侧限抗压强度、水泥掺入比、龄期成正相关,即随着无侧限抗压强度、水泥掺入比、龄期的增大而增大;水泥土电阻率与含水量负相关,即随着含水量增大而降低;影响水泥土电阻率的主要因素依次为含盐量、水泥掺入比、天然含水量、粉煤灰含量、石灰含量。进行了水泥土电阻率和喷粉搅拌桩桩身抗压强度、芯样力学性状和标贯击数的对比研究以及野外电测井、电测深剖面勘探,探索了电阻率测试技术在水泥土深层搅拌法工程中的应用。     

水泥土强度室内与芯样试验结果对比分析

连临高速路江苏段地基土层为滨海相软土,路基采用水泥土搅拌桩加固.现场取土进行室内水泥土改性试验发现,水泥土强度随水泥掺量和龄期的增加而增大.现场水泥土搅拌桩抽芯样试验发现,相同龄期条件下,水泥土室内试验强度一般要比抽芯样强度高0.2至0.8兆帕.两种实验中,该地基第一层土的水泥土强度均大于第二层土,表明土层性质对水泥土强度影响很大.受搅拌不均匀影响,芯样试验强度比较离散,随芯样夹土厚度增加,水泥土芯样波速和强度下降.     

水泥土抗压强度和变形模量试验研究

采用DWD-100型微机控制电子万能试验机,对不同水泥掺入比的棱柱体和立方体水泥土试块进行了单轴抗压试验,获得了水泥土材料抗压强度与养护龄期以及棱柱体抗压强度与立方体抗压强度之间的关系,并进一步结合三轴试验、水泥土梁的弯曲试验和引用已发表的现场静载荷试验数据,讨论了不同试验手段对测定水泥土变形模量的影响,认为采用棱柱体抗压强度测定水泥土变形模量比较简单、合理,并得出了水泥土变形模量与抗压强度的关系。     

水泥土强度试验主要影响因素的探讨

对软土中掺入不同量的水泥,以不同的水灰比(水和水泥的质量比)制成的水泥土试块在不同的养护条件下、不同的龄期对其无侧限抗压强度进行对比试验。分别讨论了掺入比(水泥和湿土的质量比)、水灰比及养护条件对其无侧限抗压强度的影响。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of