基于钻探的芦花台隐伏断层晚第四纪活动特征

芦花台断层是银川盆地内一条重要的隐伏构造。在浅层地震勘探成果的基础上,开展了钻孔联合剖面探测和钻孔样品测试,获得了断层上断点埋深、最新活动时代、晚第四纪累计位移和滑动速率等数据。结果表明:芦花台隐伏断层北段和南段的活动性不同,南段为中更新世末活动断层,北段为全新世活动断层;在北段内,断层活动强度在空间上表现为由北向南增强,在时间上表现为晚更新世活动强于全新世。     

郯庐断裂带中南段地壳结构分段特征

本文采用双差地震层析成像方法对郯庐断裂带中南段地壳速度和泊松比结构进行了研究,获得了郯庐断裂带中南段中上地壳介质结构的分段特征.结果表明,郯庐断裂带中南段由南至北可以划分为三段,即庐江以南段、庐江至郯城段及郯城以北段,郯城以北段又可细分为郯城至五莲及五莲以北两个亚段.庐江以南段、郯城以北段地壳介质速度和泊松比呈现相对高值,庐江至郯城段地壳介质速度和泊松比呈现相对低值,郯城至五莲亚段地壳介质速度和泊松比都明显高于五莲以北亚段.各段的边界为地壳速度和泊松比的梯度带,区域性断裂构造、中强地震多沿此梯度带分布.地壳介质速度和泊松比梯度带往往与深部物质的运移有关,这可能是构造活动、地震孕育的动力来源.     

阿拉善活动块体的划分及归宿

通过对阿拉善地区地震活动图象呈现显著的条带状、新构造变形表现为块体的隆升和向北的掀斜、周缘的内部性质各异的断裂活动状况、结晶基底与基底内推覆和滑脱构造发育等构造特征的分析，以及与相邻块体的比较，论证了阿拉善活动块体的存在，对其边界作了厘定，并将其归属到华北亚板块，强调了阿拉善块体为一活动构造，其内部存在一个ＮＥ向的阿拉善地震带，归属于华北地震区。该地区的地震危险性不可低估。     

中长期大震预测方法及中国大陆未来10年大震危险区

本研究采用地震构造与中强地震活动性相结合的研究思路,试图探索出大震中长期预测的有效方法. 首先,对中国大陆的地震构造进行了较为详细的单元划分,共划分出19个地震构造块体、25条构造变形带和26条地震断裂带,并将地震构造块体分成3个类型和10个亚类,将地震构造变形带分成3个类型和5个亚类.     

从顺义地表破裂带分析顺义-良乡断裂北段的活动性

沿北京顺义 -良乡断裂北段存在地表破裂带。对这条破裂带进行了成因分析、野外调查、化探和槽探研究 ,认为该破裂带反映了顺义 -良乡断裂北段的现今活动性。今后应注意沿该段断裂的地震活动并在建设规划中充分考虑它对工程可能造成的灾害     

北京地区新构造运动特征

根据北京地区构造演化、断裂活动、新构造运动、现代构造运动及地震活动等新资料,认为本区南、北段新构造运动特征存在明显差异,南段新构造活动较北段弱,未来地震危险性亦然     

鄂尔多斯活动地块及边界带1∶50万地震构造图编制

地震构造图是综合反映特定地区地震构造环境和地震活动水平的基础性图件,鄂尔多斯活动地块及边界带1∶50万地震构造图是国家重点研发计划“鄂尔多斯活动地块边界带动力学模型与强震危险性研究”项目的一个专题成果。该图以鄂尔多斯活动地块及边界带为编图范围,参照地震行业有关地震构造图编制标准和数据库标准,在系统收集和整理区域地理信息、地质、活动构造、地震、地球物理等资料的基础上,开展高分辨卫星影像解译,吸收项目最新研究成果,建设了编图所需的基础数据库;通过资料矢量化、地层界线修改、断层修改、图面修饰、图件复核等环节,编制成鄂尔多斯活动地块及边界带1∶50万地震构造图。该图反映了由银川盆地—贺兰山、弧形构造束、渭河盆地、山西地堑系、河套盆地等活动构造单元组成的鄂尔多斯活动地块边界带,以及相邻地块有关地震构造的最新资料,完善了鄂尔多斯地块及边界带活动构造几何学和运动学图像,建成了区域地震构造基础数据库。     

青藏高原西北地区与南北地震带地震活动性研究

通过研究青藏高原地区地震的发震时间和空间分布规律，发现青藏高原西北地区70%的6级以上地震发生在青藏高原地震活动高潮时期，以青藏高原西北地区地震的发震时间为基准，以一年的时间窗口去检测南北地震带发生的地震，发现青藏高原西北地区与南北地震带中强震发震时间接近，具有很强的关联。青藏高原西北地区发生的地震与南北地震带南、北、中段的地震活动相关性各不相同，地震活动频次上呈现出与南北地震带北段相关性最弱，与南段相关性最强，但在震级上表现出与南北地震带北段和中段强震活动关系密切，与滇缅构造转换区的中震联系紧密，图像信息方法为两个地区地震活动相关性提供了证据。研究同时发现以海原地震为起始地震时南北地震带的强震具有由北向南往复迁移的特征，南北地震带中段和滇缅构造转换区的地震迁移次数更多，表明两个地区地震活动确实联系紧密。这项研究对于南北地震带的地震危险性评价和"源线模式"地震预测方法具有重要的意义。     

四川龙泉山断裂带及其活动性与潜在地震危险性讨论

龙泉山构造带是四川盆地内川西强烈断陷区和川中稳定隆起区之间的一条区域性断裂.2008年汶川地震后该断裂带未来的强震潜势备受关注.本文对该断裂带的展布、晚第四纪活动性、深部构造形成机制以及断裂带未来的地震危险潜势进行了讨论.断裂带北段位于德阳东侧龙泉山脉西缘;龙泉山脉中段的山体两翼存在断裂;断裂带的南段以向西倾斜的断裂为主.这些断裂在晚更新世以来曾有活动,前人阶地调查显现该断裂带全新世存在活动.考虑到该断裂带未来的地震潜势评估,值得对该断裂带的活动性及断裂带深部构造和运动方式开展进一步的调查.     

四川北部地区三次中强历史地震补充考证

四川北部地区位于南北强震构造带的中北段,区内活动断裂众多、构造关系复杂、历史及现今地震活动频繁。其中,早期历史地震因时间久远、史料记载简略等原因,其地震基本参数确定和发震构造分析难度较大,存在较大的不确定性。通过对地震史料的系统梳理和实地考证,对该区1900年以前的3次中强破坏性地震(公元638年松潘地震、1738年南坪地震和1748年松潘北地震)进行补充考证,对其震中位置、震级和烈度等基本参数进行重新核定,并综合分析其发震构造特征。研究结果对分析该区地震活动特征及判定未来强震危险区等均具有重要参考意义。     

黎城盆地北缘黎城断裂的地球物理特征及活动性分析

黎城断裂是晋获断裂构造带上的重要构造单元,查明其构造特征具有重要意义。在黎城盆地北缘针对黎城断裂进行了地球物理勘探和地质考察,对黎城断裂的活动性进行研究。浅层地震勘探和高密度电法勘探的结果表明,黎城断裂是一条第四系活动断裂,倾角较陡。地质剖面考察的结果表明晋获断裂受黎城断裂的影响明显,南北段存在巨大差异。综合以上研究成果,判断黎城断裂为第四系活动断裂,其对晋获断裂的控制作用明显。     

2011年日本MW9.0地震对沂沭断裂带及其两侧地区地壳运动的同震影响研究

2011年日本M_W9.0地震（简称日本地震）后沂沭断裂带及其两侧地区地震活动显著增强,研究日本地震对该地区地壳运动及地震潜势的影响十分必要.为此,本文通过112个连续GPS观测站获取了研究区高空间分辨率的日本地震同震形变场并得到如下认识：（1）8个定点地球物理观测的同震响应验证了本文同震形变场的可靠性;日本地震的东向拉张使研究区整体上处于张性同震应变状态,但存在局部挤压区域,其中莱州湾至海州湾的挤压条带穿过沂沭断裂带并对断裂带南北两段产生了不同的同震作用,对南段具有拉张作用,对北段产生挤压作用;（2）同震形变场在鲁东隆起和鲁西断块产生了显著的剪应变,地震b值显示上述区域的构造应力在日本地震后增强,因此同震形变场可能改变了这些区域的应力特征;（3）地震矩张量叠加分析显示,同震形变场短期内对鲁西断块、鲁东隆起区和沂沭断裂带南段累积了地震矩,可能有助于上述区域在日本地震以后的地震活动增强;日本地震对沂沭断裂带北段的地震矩具有释放作用,或许是该区域地震活动减弱的原因.     

活动断裂带中地震分布时空结构的信息维 D1sub>特征初探

活动断裂带中地震时空分布的信息维 D1避免了容量维 D0的缺陷,考虑了每一地震事件对信息所作的贡献,从新的角度反映了地震分布时空结构特征.计算表明,炉霍大震前鲜水河断裂带地震分布时间结构信息维 D1=0.1051,这是该区大震活动的一个参考性判据.安宁河断裂带十七年现今地震分布时间结构信息维:北段,D1（tN）=0.1363;南段,D1（tS）=0.06710.地震空间分布信息维:北段,D1（KN）=1.053;南段,D1（Ks）=0.7758.南北两段分属信息维维数不同的两个自相似系统.南段地震活动自组织程度较高.这有助于强震重点监测区内主要危险段的判定地震时空分布 D1特征探索对于活断层研究以及地震预报都有一定的意义.      

云南红河断裂带中小地震重定位及其与地质构造的关系

运用双差精确定位方法对1999—2003年间发生在云南红河断裂带上的中小地震进行了重新定位，并分析了精确定位结果与地质构造的关系，结果显示，红河断裂带上重定位前与重定位后的震中分布变化不大，只是重定位后震中分布略向两端集中，北段地震多于南段。说明当前红河断裂带北段比南段、中段地震活动性强，可能受洱源断裂带～程海断裂带的影响。但重定位前、后震源深的分布差异较大，在以洱源为中心的区域上存在一个10km深的条带，这可能与红河断裂在北段形成的拉张区有关。     

南北地震带地震活动特征

采用数理统计方法探讨了780 BC至今、100°—110°E、22°—35°N（中国南北地震带）区域的中国大陆5.0级及以上天然地震的分布规律。通过GMT软件绘制了南北地震带上地震震中和断裂分布图像,分析了南北地震带地震时空分布与地震活动性的规律。研究表明,该地区的大震与强震几乎全部发生在断裂带上,地震频次高、震中密集,呈现集群性等特征,地震活动性较高。该地震带中、南段相似,与北段存在显著差异。在南北地震带上,地震的活跃幕与平静幕持续时间,与活跃幕强度有关。研究结果对于了解地震的时空分布特征,认识中国南北地震带的发震规律,地震的孕震发震和地震活动周期有参考意义。      

四川龙泉山断裂带变形特征及其活动性初步研究

文中通过野外调查和地震反射剖面研究,获取了龙泉山断裂带的变形特征。龙泉山断裂带主逆冲断层位于龙泉山背斜的西翼,具有明显的分段性特征,北段与南段断层面倾向NW,断续分布;中段断层面倾向SE,形成典型的断层传播褶皱,并且断层已经沿背斜前翼膝折带的轴突破,形成贯通的突破断层。因此,中段构成了龙泉山断裂的主体。地貌对断裂活动性的响应表明龙泉山断裂早更新世—晚更新世有过一定的活动,晚更新世以来活动速率较低,且活动性具有从南向北逐渐减弱的趋势     

用地震反射剖面研究汤阴地堑上地壳结构与断裂特征

汤阴地堑位于太行山脉与华北平原的过渡带,是太行山前重要的地质构造单元。为研究汤阴地堑上地壳结构和断裂特征,利用安阳市与新乡市活断层探测获得的深、浅地震反射剖面,结合研究区已有地震、地质资料,对汤阴地堑浅部结构、汤东断裂特征进行分析研究。结果表明,汤阴地堑北部与南部地壳结构差异明显。地堑北部是由汤东断裂控制的半地堑,地堑内反射震相丰富、反射波层组关系清晰,多组新生代、古生代沉积层强反射不整合地覆盖在自西向东倾伏的结晶基底反射T_g上,且随着深度增加,地层倾角增大,显示出明显的多期掀斜运动特征。地堑南部表现为由汤东、汤西断裂共同控制的断陷型地堑,地堑内新近系底界面反射波TN自西向东倾伏,其下为一些横向呈水平或东倾、延续性较短的反射震相。地堑南部与北部不同的反射震相特征表明,测线控制区域内的汤阴地堑沉积环境与运动特征可能有所差异。汤东断裂为走向NE,倾向NW的铲型正断层,汤西断裂为走向NE、倾向SE的正断层,北部中深层地震反射剖面上未发现该断层的存在。     

A study on the characteristics of the information dimensionD 1 of the temporal and spatial distributions of earthquakes in an active fault zone

The research of the information dimension (D ₁) in an active fault zone considers the contribution of each seismic event to information and reflects the characteristics of the temporal and spatial distributions of earthquakes from a new point of view, avoiding some short-comings of the research about the capacity dimension (D ₀). The results of calculation show that the information dimension of the temporal distribution in Xianshuihe active fault zone before Luhuo large earthquake isD ₁=0.1051. It is a consult creterion of large earthquakes in future in the fault zone. The information dimensions of the temporal distribution of the earthquakes in Anninghe active fault zone are respectivelyD ₁(t _N)=0.1363 (for the north section) andD ₁(t _S)=0.06710 (for the south section). The information dimensions of the spatial distribution are respectivelyD ₁(K _N)=1.053 (for the north section) andD ₁(K _S)=0.7758 (for the south section). The north section and the south section belong to two self-similar systems with different information dimensions respectively. The extent of the self-organization of seismic activity in the south section is higher than that in the north section. This is helpful for us to judge the major dangerous section in the key region of the seismic monitoring. The research about the information dimension of the temporal and the spatial distributions of earthquakes is significant for the exploration of active fault zones and seismic prediction.     

research on characteristics of late quaternary activity of the jiangsu segment of anqiu-juxian fault in the tanlu fault zone

Anqiu-Juxian Fault is an important fault in the Tanlu fault zone, with the highest seismic risk, the most recent activity date, and the most obvious surface traces. Due to lack of credible geological evidences, there is big controversy on the Holocene activity in the Jiangsu segment of this fault. Research on the characteristics of late Quaternary activity in the Jiangsu segment of Anqiu-Juxian Fault, particularly its latest activity time, is of great significance to assessment of its earthquake ability and seismic risk. Based on field investigations on the Jiangsu segment of Anqiu-Juxian Fault, and combining with the results of fault activities identification on this fault in Suqian City, we discussed the characteristics of its activities in late Quaternary. Multiple geological sections we found in this study and the results of fault activities identification in Suqian City all indicate that there was an ancient seismic event occurring in middle period of Holocene in the segment from southern Maling Mountain to Suqian City; but the trench at Houchen village did not show any evidence of Holocene activity on the Chonggangshan segment of this fault. Based on method of shallow seismic exploration, we carried out a systematic exploration of this fault to get its accurate position and activity characteristics. The results show that Anqiu-Juxian Fault in Suqian City is mainly characterized by dextral strike-slip, associated with both thrusting and extensional movement in different positions. A series of low hills were formed along the fault in the north of Suqian City, and a small graben basin was formed in the south of Suqian City, both are controlled by the dextral strike-slip movement of this fault. The Jiangsu segment of Anqiu-Juxian Fault in general is characterized by dextral strike-slip with thrusting movement. But some parts of it are characterized by dextral strike-slip with extensional movement. The Jiangsu segment of Anqiu-Juxian Fault experienced a number of activities since the late Quaternary, with an obvious activity in Holocene. The seismic activities of Jiangsu segment of Anqiu-Juxian Fault have the characteristic of high intensity and low frequency. Its activities decrease gradually from north to south as a whole.     

MIGRATION OF LARGE EARTHQUAKES IN TIBETAN BLOCK AREA AND DISSCUSSION ON MAJOR ACTIVE REGION IN THE FUTURE

On the basis of summarizing the circulation characteristics and mechanism of earthquakes with magnitude 7 or above in continental China, the spatial-temporal migration characteristics, mechanism and future development trend of earthquakes with magnitude above 7 in Tibetan block area are analyzed comprehensively. The results show that there are temporal clustering and spatial zoning of regional strong earthquakes and large earthquakes in continental China, and they show the characteristics of migration and circulation in time and space. In the past 100a, there are four major earthquake cluster areas that have migrated from west to east and from south to north, i.e. 1)Himalayan seismic belt and Tianshan-Baikal seismic belt; 2)Mid-north to north-south seismic belt in Tibetan block area; 3)North-south seismic belt-periphery of Assam cape; and 4)North China and Sichuan-Yunnan area. The cluster time of each area is about 20a, and a complete cycle time is about 80a. The temporal and spatial images of the migration and circulation of strong earthquakes are consistent with the motion velocity field images obtained through GPS observations in continental China. The mechanism is related to the latest tectonic activity in continental China, which is mainly affected by the continuous compression of the Indian plate to the north on the Eurasian plate, the rotation of the Tibetan plateau around the eastern Himalayan syntaxis, and the additional stress field caused by the change of the earth's rotation speed.
Since 1900AD, the Tibetan block area has experienced three periods of high tides of earthquake activity clusters(also known as earthquake series), among which the Haiyuan-Gulang earthquake series from 1920 to 1937 mainly occurred around the active block boundary structural belt on the periphery of the Tibetan block region, with the largest earthquake occurring on the large active fault zone in the northeastern boundary belt. The Chayu-Dangxiong earthquake series from 1947 to 1976 mainly occurred around the large-scale boundary active faults of Qiangtang block, Bayankala block and eastern Himalayan syntaxis within the Tibetan block area. In the 1995-present Kunlun-Wenchuan earthquake series, 8 earthquakes with M_S7.0 or above have occurred on the boundary fault zones of the Bayankala block. Therefore, the Bayankala block has become the main area of large earthquake activity on the Tibetan plateau in the past 20a. The clustering characteristic of this kind of seismic activity shows that in a certain period of time, strong earthquake activity can occur on the boundary fault zone of the same block or closely related blocks driven by a unified dynamic mechanism, reflecting the overall movement characteristics of the block. The migration images of the main active areas of the three earthquake series reflect the current tectonic deformation process of the Tibetan block region, where the tectonic activity is gradually converging inward from the boundary tectonic belt around the block, and the compression uplift and extrusion to the south and east occurs in the plateau. This mechanism of gradual migration and repeated activities from the periphery to the middle can be explained by coupled block movement and continuous deformation model, which conforms to the dynamic model of the active tectonic block hypothesis.
A comprehensive analysis shows that the Kunlun-Wenchuan earthquake series, which has lasted for more than 20a, is likely to come to an end. In the next 20a, the main active area of the major earthquakes with magnitude 7 on the continental China may migrate to the peripheral boundary zone of the Tibetan block. The focus is on the eastern boundary structural zone, i.e. the generalized north-south seismic belt. At the same time, attention should be paid to the earthquake-prone favorable regions such as the seismic empty sections of the major active faults in the northern Qaidam block boundary zone and other regions. For the northern region of the Tibetan block, the areas where the earthquakes of magnitude 7 or above are most likely to occur in the future will be the boundary structural zones of Qaidam active tectonic block, including Qilian-Haiyuan fault zone, the northern margin fault zone of western Qinling, the eastern Kunlun fault zone and the Altyn Tagh fault zone, etc., as well as the empty zones or empty fault segments with long elapse time of paleo-earthquake or no large historical earthquake rupture in their structural transformation zones. In future work, in-depth research on the seismogenic tectonic environment in the above areas should be strengthened, including fracture geometry, physical properties of media, fracture activity behavior, earthquake recurrence rule, strain accumulation degree, etc., and then targeted strengthening tracking monitoring and earthquake disaster prevention should be carried out.