舰船辐射噪声特征线谱提取方法研究

线谱是船舶辐射噪声中重要的特征信息,为舰船的检测识别和方位跟踪提供了依据。采用Welch算法和CZT变换联合处理舰船的辐射噪声信号能够有效的提取线谱。Welch法在估计功率谱时可以有效减小方差和偏差,这有利于从宽带噪声谱中提取主要的窄带谱;CZT变换可以对窄带谱进行精确分析,提高频率的分辨力,因此这两者的结合有利于从舰船噪声中提取线谱。根据对仿真信号和某实船的辐射噪声信号的分析结果,表明该方法原理简单,能够精确地提取特征线谱,另外利用所提取的船只的特征线谱,还可以对船的航迹进行跟踪。     

基于频域特征相似的仿真模型置信度分析

为评估重构舰船辐射噪声模型置信度，提出了一种基于频域特征相似的重构舰船辐射噪声仿真模型置信度评估方法。先对舰船辐射噪声实测数据与重构舰船辐射噪声数据的线谱和功率谱值进行一致性分析后，再采用证据理论综合线谱、功率谱值一致性结果，量化重构舰船辐射噪声模型置信度，为重构舰船辐射噪声模型应用提供了理论支撑。     

舰船辐射噪声仿真模型置信度评估方法

根据舰船辐射噪声频域特性，从舰船辐射噪声线谱、谱密度的发展变化趋势、特征频段信号能量 3 个方面考虑，对舰船辐射噪声仿真数据和实测数据进行一致性分析，综合评估舰船辐射噪声仿真模型置信度。通过对舰船辐射噪声仿真模型置信度分析，为舰船辐射噪声仿真信号源置信度提供理论支撑。     

一种非平稳噪声背景下的线谱相干检测方法

舰艇目标航行时往往向水中辐射大量线状谱结构的声波信号,线谱信号检测对舰艇目标的被动探测至关重要。实际水下环境噪声常表现为时域非平稳噪声,常规离散傅里叶变换类线谱检测方法时域积分时,不可避免会引入非平稳噪声背景中出现的短时强干扰噪声,使积分结果中线谱信噪比大幅降低,线谱检测性能急剧恶化。为解决上述问题,对分段离散傅里叶变换结果进行幅度归一化,补偿分段线谱信号间相位差,提出了一种非平稳噪声背景下的线谱相干检测方法。仿真结果表明,相比常规 DFT 类线谱检测方法,所提方法能够降低时域非平稳背景噪声起伏影响,具有更优的非平稳噪声背景下线谱检测性能,并能获得对线谱信号的相干处理增益。     

基于双谱估计的BL Lac天体S5 0716+714光变周期

大幅度、快速光变是BL Lac天体的重要特征之一,光变研究对探索BL Lac天体内部的物理过程和机理具有特殊的意义.从大量文献中收集了BL Lac天体S5 0716+714光学V,R,I 3个波段从1994年到2008年的有效观测数据,并将这些数据30天平均后进行自回归模型(AR)的双谱估计. 双谱的等高线图和对角切片图表明,双谱估计能消除噪声的干扰来提取有用信息,抑制了噪声、提高了信噪比,有很高的分辨率,避免了伪峰的出现,能准确地认证BL Lac天体的光变周期值.由V,R,I 3个波段的双谱等高线图和对     

互相关法和互功率谱法时延估计的比较

本文对被动声纳的两种时延估计方法——互相关法与互功率谱法的性能进行了比较,由于船舶辐射噪声和海洋环境噪声的复杂性,本文把重点放在被动声纳海上实测信号的研究上,实验研究表明,互功率谱法比互相关法有较大的环境适应能力和较高的估计精度。     

泵喷射推进器单频声实验研究(英文)

给出泵喷射推进器低频线谱的实验研究及分析结果。实验发现,在泵喷射推进器的噪声谱中,存在及其丰富的低频线谱,这些线谱的谱级非常之高,甚至可比噪声谱中连续谱部分高出２０ｄＢ～３０ｄＢ。并且这些低频线谱基本上都是转子轴频和叶频的谐波分量。实验结果表明,这种单频声的发生,发展与转子叶片空化状态和静压力的变化关系不显著,而主要决定于转子的转速。通过进一步的分析可以得出,这种线谱是由于转子与定子之间的相互作用产生的,轴频及其谐波分量线谱的产生则是由于转子叶片间的不一致所造成的。泵喷单频声的存在严重影响其噪声性能,因而,这是一个很重要的问题。     

基于辐射噪声特征的舰船目标识别分类方法综述

通过舰船的辐射噪声对目标进行识别分类是水声领域的一个重要研究课题。综合介绍舰船辐射噪声数据获取途径、特征提取技术和目标识别技术。首先,介绍了 4 种数据采集类型较为丰富的辐射噪声数据库。其次,从线谱识别、小波分析和非线性特征提取技术 3 个方面介绍辐射噪声的特征提取技术。最后,从支持向量机等传统分类识别技术和深度学习技术 2 个方向介绍辐射噪声领域的识别分类技术。较系统地总结了基于舰船辐射噪声的目标识别分类技术,可以为舰船目标分类识别的研究提供参考。     

Kraken声场建模下目标辐射噪声模拟技术研究

水面目标辐射噪声模拟技术是测试被动声呐系统、目标识别定向及水声软对抗的关键技术。通过对辐射噪声信号特性的描述及分析,建立了水面目标频域线谱及连续谱分量的数理仿真模型。针对水声信道影响因素,将Kraken简正波声场模型与信号本身特性有机结合。以1/3倍频程滤波带宽算法为基础,完成了对宽带FIR滤波器组的设计。采用现在应用广泛的GPU(Graphic Processing Unit)并行加速平台,实时实现了目标噪声模拟器整体架构,大大降低了系统硬件资源的消耗。通过对模拟器输出信号进行数理分析,证明了该模拟器能较好地实现水面目标的辐射噪声特性,具备良好的科研应用价值。     

矢量水听器自适应线谱增强应用研究

矢量水听器可以同步、共点测量声场的声压与振速信息.为了有效利用声压和振速的相关性,设计了双输入端自适应线谱增强器,并利用自适应线谱增强对实测的噪声数据进行了处理.结果表明,线谱增强器在双输入端分别输入声压与振速信号时比在单输入端输入声压时,对背景噪声有更好的抑制作用,输出的线谱亦更加明显.     

营口市海水浴场资源环境容量分析

营口市位于辽宁省的中南部,面对渤海的辽东湾,背依鞍山市平原丘陵,东邻辽东崇山峻岭,西接盘锦市沿海平原,有辽河蜿蜒人海,海岸线绵延曲折。由于受海洋、河流的影响．营口市四季分明,气候宜人,蕴藏着丰富的滨海旅游资源,海蚀景观、地质珍迹、人文景观等资源各显异彩;尤其是海水浴场,条件极为优越,与国际上一流的海水浴场相比．毫不逊色,在某些特征上还稍胜一筹。     

A method of estimation of the results of reconstruction of the trajectories of drifting buoys

A method for the estimation of the results of reconstruction of the trajectories of drifting buoys is proposed. It is based on the comparison of the estimates of power spectral densities for the components of current velocity computed according to three data sets: the data set of the coordinates of a drifting buoy with a built-in GPS receiver, the data set of coordinates formed on the basis of the first set but with data missing and observational errors corresponding to the actual trajectory measurements by the Argos satellite location and data collection system by the Doppler method, and the data set of coordinates obtained as a result of interpolation of the second set. As an example, we consider the procedure of realization of the proposed method and demonstrate the efficiency of its application for the improvement of the reliability of reconstruction of the trajectories of drifting buoys.     

Estimates of fishery potentials of the EEZ of India

An attempt has been made to estimate the fishery potentials of the EEZ of India on the basis of data on primary and secondary production. The total column primary production and zooplankton production have been calculated to be 265·9 and 9 million tonnes of carbon per year, respectively. From these values the fishery potential has been estimated as 2·5 million tonnes per year. To this, if we add the estimated demersal fish catch, being 1·2 million tonnes per year, the total potential yield comes to 3·7 million tonnes per year. Since the present average total catch is about 1·6 million tonnes in a year, the fish catch could be doubled.     

韩国的海岸带综合管理

1992年，联合国21世纪议程提出了综合管理的概念，并认为它是海岸管理的最重要目标，而海岸管理的目的就是改进业已存在的管理实践的效率和效果。在21世纪议程的实施过程中，沿海国家面临着巨大的困难，即：为了使综合管理在实践中具有可操作性而建立适合的政府机构。韩国正是在国家范围和次一级区域进行这项工作的实验场所。这项工作的最重要成就是在1996年成立了具有综合协调各涉海部门职能的韩国海洋事务与渔业部（MOMAF）。这篇文章的内容主要来自于这些观察，即韩国政府为建立海岸带综合机制而进行了各种努力，特别是1992年联合国环发大会召开后到1997年初海洋事务与渔业部成立了海岸带管理处这段时间里开展的各种工作，文章重点在于评价在建立海岸带综合机制的过程中综合的概念是如何被应用并被挑战的。文章提出了在东亚地区沿海国家开展合作的可能区域的建议。     

天然气水合物地球化学特征

天然气水合物是在低温、高压以及有足够气体供应条件下形成的一种天然气(主要为甲烷)与水组成的似冰状固态化合物。天然气水合物中包含的甲烷碳是全球甲烷资源的重要组成部分,是一种数量巨大的潜在能源[1]。而且由于甲烷的温室效应,天然气水合物分解释放的甲烷进入大气中会严重     

海鸟系列CTD数据预处理分析

介绍了海鸟系列温盐深测量仪(CTD)原始数据预处理的方法和步骤,解释各个过程中的原理,根据规范和工作实际对处理过程中存在的问题进行分析,提出解决方案,针对资料的标准化提出建议和意见。     

A model of the dynamics of the ecosystem of the Sea of Azov

We use many-year archival observations of hydrologic and hydrobiologic state of the Sea of Azov for the identification of the structure of a model of its ecosystem. The ecosystem model, supplemented with expert estimates of bioresource consumption (fish reserve), contamination level, and possible ecologic fines for violation of the sea natural state, is formalized by the method of system dynamics. Hereat, the major part of influence functions is found in terms of observational data with application of self-organization algorithms. We also present the results of simulated experiments with the model of the ecosystem, which enable us to analyse scenarios of its behaviour under the influence of various external factors (wind, river discharge, water exchange with the Black Sea, etc.). Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev     

Analysis of photographic images of the structure of the surface of the sea near a speck of light

Values of root mean square slope ₀ and its variations -₀ are estimated using the brightness field of an image of the surface of the sea near a speck of light. When ₀ and -₀ are defined it is highly important to take into account direct as well as dissipated solar radiation.The space-time analysis of the structure of the image brightness field is performed. This gives an opportunity to estimate dispersion relationship and the running effect of a brightness contrast packet. Comparison of the parameters obtained with the theoretical dispersion ratio of internal waves (IW) allows one to make a conclusion that IW surface manifestations are recorded in a frame.UDK 551.463.5     

Hierarchy of the models of classical mechanics of inhomogeneous fluids

The methods of perturbation theory and integral representations are used to analyze the general properties of a system of equations of the mechanics of inhomogeneous fluids including the equations of momentum, mass, and temperature transfer. We also consider various submodels of this system, including the reduced systems in which some kinetic coefficients are equal to zero and degenerate systems in which the variations of density or some other variables are neglected. We analyze both regularly perturbed and singularly perturbed solutions of the system. In the case of reduction or degeneration of solutions, the order of the system decreases. In this case, regularly perturbed solutions are preserved (with certain modifications) but the number of singularly perturbed components participating in the formation of the boundary layers on contact surfaces and their analogs in the bulk of the fluid, i.e., the elongated high-gradient interlayers, decreases. The interaction between all components of the currents is nonlinear, despite the fact that their characteristic scales are different.