钽钼酸—丁基罗丹明B—PVA体系光度法测定痕量钽

Ta(V)与钼酸盐在pH3.7形成钽钼酸,并在0.29mol/L的H_2SO_4介质中,与丁基罗丹明B(BRHB)形成离子缔合物,其组成比为Ta:Mo:BRHB=1:6:3。有聚乙烯醇(PVA)存在时,该缔合物能稳定存在于水溶液中。缔合物的最大吸收在588nm,ε_(588)=3.62×10~5L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1),Ta在0—5μg/25ml范围符合比尔定律。方法应用于硅酸盐岩石中痕量Ta的测定,结果满意。     

化探样品中钽的测定分光光度法

测定Ta的方法有很多,比如结晶紫法,该法的灵敏度低,检出限达不到化探样品的要求;乙基紫法,灵敏度虽高,但稳定性相当差,不适合成批化探样品的检测.本文采用钽钼酸与丁基罗丹明B在聚乙烯醇存在下形成水溶性缔合物光度法测定化探样品中的Ta[1],其表观摩尔吸光系数为1.39×106 L·mol·cm-1, 灵敏度高,稳定性好,并且在水相中测定,适合化探样品中痕量Ta的测定. 1 实验仪器及试剂 UV─250 (日本岛津); 10 μg穖L-1标准溶液:准确吸取100μg·mL-1 Ta2O5标准储备液(63 g/L酒石酸介质)10.0mL于100 mL容量瓶中,用4 mol· L-1 KOH溶液稀释定…     

超高光度法的现状(二)

第二部分 高比缔合物形成的光度法 为了进一步提高光度分析的灵敏度,一些分析工作者对缔合物的发展是:研究和选择适宜条件,使中心离子和配位体形成配位饱和而电价不饱和的、体积庞大的多价络阴离子(例如中心离子和某些酸性染料形成的螯合阴离子,和二氯化锡形成的双金属络阴离子以及和钼、钒等形成的杂多酸等)或多价络阳离子(例如中心离子和邻菲罗啉、吡啶等形成的络阳离子),然后在必要时改变反应条件(如原有条件适合于缔合反应则不改变),使之和多个强烈显色的抗衡离子(前者主要是碱性染料的RH~ 型体,后者主要是卤代萤光素或三苯甲烷酸性染料的阴离子)缔合。由于在反应中增大了显色分子和中心离子的缔合比(一般是2∶1—5∶1),因此新发展起来的这类光度法的克分子吸收系数多为     

超高光度法的现状(二)

第二部分高比缔合物形成的光度法为了进一步提高光度分析的灵敏度,一些分析工作者对缔合物的发展是:研究和选择适宜条件,使中心离子和配位体形成配位饱和而电价不饱和的、体积庞大的多价络阴离子(例如中心离子和某些酸性染料形成的螯合阴离子,和二氯化锡形成的双金属络阴离子以及和钼,钒等形成的杂多酸等)或多价络阳离子(例如中心离子和邻菲罗啉、吡啶等形成的络阳离子),然后在必要时改变反应条件(如原有条件适合于缔合反应则不改变),使之和     

亚甲基蓝—萃取荧光法测定痕量铊

本文对1,2-二氯乙烷萃取〔TlCl_4)~--亚甲基蓝缔合物体系研究发现;亚甲基蓝在1,2-二氯乙烷中具有荧光,荧光的λ_(ex)为468nmλ_(em)为680nm。而亚甲基蓝与〔TlCl_4〕~-的缔合物的荧光强度与 T1量相关,T1浓度在0.05—5ppm范围与荧光强度成线性关系。基于此,拟定了一个荧光测定痕量铊的方法。该法检出限为4ppb,且选择性较好,对于含Au、Hg量分别不大于20和100μg的岩石矿物试样可不经预分离测定痕量铊。对ppm级的痕量铊多次测定(n为6—10),变异系数均小于10％。     

天竺牡丹紫萃取光度法测定岩石矿物中微量铊

对微量铊的测定,目前广泛利用结晶紫和甲基紫法,然而其灵敏度较低。文献有用天竺牡丹紫测定锑,但铊有严重干扰,我们发现天竺牡丹紫对铊确有很灵敏的显色反应,为此本文研究了用甲苯:甲基异丁基酮在4mol/L盐酸或1mol/L氢溴酸介质中萃取分离三价铊,然后在0.4mol/L盐酸介质中萃取三价铊与天竺牡丹紫形成的有色缔合物。选择了适宜的萃取分离和显色的条件,探讨了43种共存离子的影响,提出了消除干扰的方法,拟定了用分光光度法测定岩石矿物中微量铊的方法。测得天竺牡丹紫与铊的缔合物的摩尔吸光系数为1.03×10~5lmol~(-1)·cm~(-1)(570nm),标准曲线0～5μgTl/5ml符合比尔定律。     

钼—AAAQ体系吸附波的极谱法研究

在pH4.1-4.5的HAc-NaAc底液中,Mo(Ⅵ)与5-(4-安替比林偶氮)-8-氨基喹啉(AAAQ)形成1:1的离子缔合物。该缔合物吸附于滴汞电极上于-1.32V(υs.SCE)处产生一灵敏的极谱峰,峰电流与Mo(Ⅵ)浓度在8 ×10~(-4)-8×10~(-2)μg/ml范围内呈线性关系。研究了极谱波性质、缔合物的结构及电极反应过程和机理。应用本法测定了铜钼矿中Mo。     

新疆阿图什苏洪东碱性花岗岩型铌钽富矿脉的发现及意义

新疆阿图什苏洪东碱性花岗岩为西南天山哈拉峻巴什索贡杂岩体（辉长岩、霓石正长岩、碱性花岗岩）组成部分,处于塔里木板块北缘—南天山造山带中碱性杂岩带三大集中区（库尔勒、拜城、哈拉峻）西段。自1961年在杂岩体中发现稀土、铌钽矿化线索以来,虽持续对其进行找矿调查研究,但进展均不明显。近年来,通过预研究、野外查证、样品测试等研究工作,发现苏洪东碱性花岗岩为区内铌钽控矿岩体,（Na,Ta）2O5品位最高为0.106%,Ta2O5品位最高为0.010%;首次在碱性花岗岩边缘地带发现铌钽富矿脉,（Na,Ta）2O5品位为0.278%,Ta2O5品位为0.044%。研究认为苏洪东碱性花岗岩与拜城波孜果尔铌钽矿床控矿岩体特征相似,具有重要的找矿和研究意义,推进了西南天山碱性花岗岩型稀有金属及稀土找矿突破。     

川西扎乌龙花岗伟晶岩型稀有金属矿床铌钽铁矿族矿物特征及其意义

铌钽铁矿族矿物(CGM)是重要铌、钽矿石矿物,记录了花岗伟晶岩型稀有金属矿床的岩浆热液演化过程.扎乌龙位于四川省西部石渠县,为大型花岗伟晶岩型稀有金属矿床.文章以扎乌龙14号伟晶岩脉为研究对象,开展了系统的铌钽铁矿族矿物研究工作.14号伟晶岩脉分带良好,从边部到中心可划分为云母石英电气石带(Ⅰ带)、斜长石带(Ⅱ带)、钠长石锂辉石带(Ⅲ带)和石英锂辉石带(Ⅳ带),均发育有铌钽铁矿族矿物.根据矿物内部结构和化学成分,推断14号伟晶岩脉存在2个阶段铌钽矿化:早阶段在各带内均形成铌铁矿-铌锰矿(CGM-1),内部呈现均一结构或振荡环带,指示以铌结晶为主的岩浆阶段;晚阶段在Ⅲ带和Ⅳ带内形成钽铁矿和少量富钽的铌铁矿-铌锰矿(CGM-2),围绕早阶段铌铁矿-铌锰矿再生长或穿切、交代早阶段铌钽矿物,指示以钽结晶为主的岩浆-热液过渡阶段.铌钽铁矿族矿物呈现出2种演化趋势,分别为早阶段铌铁矿-铌锰矿的Mn/(Mn+Fe)比值随着Ta/(Ta+Nb)比值升高而增加,晚阶段富钽矿物Mn/(Mn+Fe)比值随着Ta/(Ta+Nb)比值升高而不变,指示扎乌龙14号伟晶岩脉总体为中等程度分异,早期岩浆阶段各带内连续、晚期岩浆-热液阶段发生跳跃的不连续演化过程,并指示早阶段演化受岩浆结晶分异的控制、晚阶段演化主要受结晶分异、富Li流体环境和其他含Fe-Mn矿物共同控制的地球化学行为.     

锡矿床分带现象的两种模式

本文从地球化学环境出发提出了锡矿床分带现象的两种模式。从花岗岩体向外,酸性模式可分成六个矿带:铌-钽(锂-铍-钼)矿带;锡矿带;钨-(锡)矿带;铜-铅-锌-(铋)矿带;锑-汞矿带;金银矿带。碱性模式可分成三个矿带:铜-锌-铋矿带;锡矿带;铁-铅-锌-铜矿带。产生两种模式的原因在于成矿时的地球化学环境不同,前者是酸性环境,后者是碱性环境。同时,从矿物生成热的角度阐明了锡矿床带状结构的成因。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

NONMETALS DEPOSITS

正20141520 Bo Ying(Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment,MLR,Beijing 100037,China);Liu Chenglin Saline Spring Hydrochemical Characteristics and Indicators for Potassium Exploration in Southwestern and Northern Tarim Basin,Xinjiang(Acta Geoscientica Sinica,ISSN1006-3021,CN11-3474/P,34(5),2013,p.594-602,5 illus.,3 tables,28 refs.)     

MATHEMATICAL GEOLOGY

正20141243Chen Ge(Hangzhou Research Institute of Petroleum Geology,PetroChina,Hangzhou 310023,China);Si Chunsong Study on Sedimentary Numerical Simulation Method of Fan Delta Sand Body(Journal of Geology,     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20142599Chen Sanming(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Concealed Deposits Exploration,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin541004,China);He Yuzhou Block Model and Reserves Estimation of Panzhihua Iron Deposit Based on 3D Geological Modeling(Journal of Guilin University of Technology,ISSN1674-9057,CN45-1375/N,33(4),2013,p.610-615,9illus.,1table,15refs.)     

STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY

正20140594 Bai Daoyuan(Hunan Institute of Geology Survey,Changsha 410016,China);Zhong Xiang Faults in the Jingzhou Basin and Their Tectonic Settings(Geotectonica et Metallogenia,ISSN1001-1552,CN44-1595/P,37(2),2013,p.173-183,6illus.,59refs.)Key words:basin evolution,tectonic setting,South China In the Upper Paleozoic and Jurassic se-     

STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY

正20141912Cao Hui(State Key Laboratory for Continental Tectonics and Dynamics,Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China)Gravitational Collapse and Folding during Orogenesis:A Comparative Study of FIA Trends and Fold Axial Plane Traces(Geology in China,ISSN1000-3657,CN11-1167/P,40(6),2013,p.1818-1828,9illus.,35refs.,with