Syn-rift to post-rift tectonic transition and drainage reorganization in continental rifting basins: Detrital zircon analysis from the Songliao Basin,NE China

Tectonic transition from a syn-rift stage to subsequent post-rift stage is an important mechanism in the evolution of extensional basins. The sedimentary infill records the crustal response to this process. We have obtained new detrital zircon U-Pb and Lu-Hf signatures from the Lower Cretaceous stratigraphic successions encompassing the commonly accepted syn- to post-rift transition boundary, the T4 unconformity, in the Songliao Basin, NE China. These constrain the Songliao Basin’s evolution from its center to distal margins, providing insights into the sediment provenance and dispersal pattern over the tectonic transition. Analysis of zircons from the syn-rift (the Shahezi and Yingcheng formations) and immediate post-rift (the Lower and Middle Denglouku Formation) stages reveals Phanerozoic age populations with positive ?_Hf(t) values, which were derived from the proximal juvenile mantle-derived melt origin bedrocks of the Songliao Block. In contrast, the overlying samples from the Upper Denglouku Formation deposited in the subsequent post-rift stage contain exotic and ancient zircon populations with ages of 2.5 Ga & 1.8 Ga and complex hafnium signatures, characteristic of a mixed origin. These are interpreted to be transported from distant cratonic terranes via larger drainage networks. It is obvious that the sediment dispersal pattern switched from being a local and hydrologically closed “intraregional” pattern to a “transcontinental” pattern during the transition. The time lag between the development of the T4 unconformity and the drainage reorganization also ensures a distinguishable ～3 Myr (106103 Ma, Late Albian) transition period of regional extent. During this transition stage, syn-rift faulting was replaced by post-rift thermal subsidence, exhibiting a uniform sag configuration. Our new findings are important for understanding other continental rift basins during syn- to post-rift transition, which often demonstrates a complex interaction between the linkage and integration of sub-basins, and the reorganization of fluvial drainages and catchment systems.     

松辽盆地北部火山岩锆石SHRIMP测年与营城组时代探讨

前人对松辽盆地营城组的时代存在不同认识。利用松辽盆地北部徐家围子断陷区营城组广泛发育的中—酸性火山岩取芯资料,开展了详细的火山岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年代学研究,结果表明营城组火山岩年龄集中在113—111Ma之间,属于早白垩世晚期的Aptian与Albian界线附近,从而明确该套火山岩应发育在营城组中上部的新认识,并由此说明营城组的顶界已跨入Albian。因此,认为松辽盆地营城组的时代为Hauterivian到Albian。     

松辽盆地东缘营城盆地层序地层划分与地层对比

营城盆地位于松辽盆地东缘,其地层可与松辽盆地地层对比。营城盆地层序（三级）地层应与松辽盆地Ⅰ-VI和IX、X层序（火石岭组、沙河子组、营城组、登娄库组和泉头组）地层相对应,营城盆地地层应该划分为侏罗系上统火石岭组（J3h）;白垩系下统沙河子组（k1sh）、营城组（k1y）、泉头组（k1q）;第四系（Q）。主要可采工业煤层产在沙河子组。     

松辽盆地南部白垩纪裂后期异常沉降分离

为了研究松辽盆地白垩纪裂后期沉降的动力机制,以松辽盆地南部长岭、十屋凹陷为例,用回剥法和应变速率反演方法对研究区钻井和地层剖面资料进行了研究。结果表明：观测得到的裂后沉降和模拟预测的理论裂后沉降结果存在较大差异,异常沉降量达160~800 m;并且异常沉降经历了两次沉降高峰期,分别出现在裂后期的泉头组及嫩江组沉积时期,平均沉降速率最大值出现在泉头组沉积时期,达16 m/Ma,同期地壳应变速率也达到裂后期最大值,约为6 Ga^-1。该异常沉降除受到裂后期基底断裂和盆地小型正断层活动的小部分影响外,可能主要受控于中生代晚期Izanagi俯冲板片在松辽盆地深部的下拽作用及其诱发的深部地幔流动,属动力沉降。     

松辽盆地白垩纪地层时代划分

松辽盆地经多年来地质生产和科研活动,已经建立了一套完整的地层层序,由下往上为：沙河子组、营城组、登娄库组、泉头组、青山口组、姚家组、嫩江组、四方台组、明水组等９组２７个岩性段。白垩系的上限在明水组和依安组之间,相当于马斯特里赫特阶的顶界,同位素年龄为６６Ｍａ。白垩系的下限在沙河子组和火石岭组之间,相当于贝利亚斯阶的底界,同位素年龄为１４４Ｍａ。松辽盆地白垩系属陆相地层,三分性明显,自然划分为下、中、上三统,这种划分方案正被更多的地质工作者所接受。     

From foredeep to orogenic wedge-top: The Cretaceous Songliao retroforeland basin,China

Songliao Basin, the largest Mesozoic intracontinental nonmarine basin in eastern China, initiated during the latest Jurassic as a backarc extensional basin; rifting failed and thermal cooling controlled subsidence through the early Late Cretaceous. Integrating 2-D and 3D reflection seismic and borehole data with regional geological studies, we interpret sedimentary sequence and structural patterns of the Coniacian-Maastrichtian fill of Songliao Basin as defining a retroforeland basin system developed after 88 Ma (marked by the T11 unconformity in the basin), including (1) significant increase in the thickness of the Nenjiang Formation eastward towards orogenic highlands of the Zhangguangcai Range and the convergent continental margin; (2) a shift of detrital provenance in the basin from north to southeast; and (3) propagation of E-W shortened structures, increasing eastward in amplitude, frequency, and degree of inversion toward the orogen. During latest Cretaceous, foreland basin fill progressively deformed, as the foredeep evolved to a wedge-top tectonic setting, marked by the basin-wide T04 unconformity within the upper Nenjiang Formation at 81.6 Ma. Much of the basin was brought into the orogenic wedge and eroded by the end of the Cretaceous. Late Jurassic/Early Cretaceous backarc rifting of uncratonized basement comprised of accreted terranes likely facilitated and localized the foreland. Synrift normal faults reactivated and extensively inverted as thrust faults are prominent in the eastern 1/3 of the basin, whereas folds developed above detachments in shaley early post-rift strata dominate the western 2/3 of the basin. Songliao foreland development likely was driven by changing plate dynamics and collision along the Pacific margin after 88 Ma.     

松辽盆地林深3 井火山岩的锆石U——Pb 年龄与Hf 同位素组成

根据松辽盆地北部林深3 井火山岩的岩相、全岩主微量元素、锆石U--Pb 同位素和锆石Hf 同位素特征的分析结果,探讨了该火山岩的形成时代和岩浆源区。锆石LA--MC--ICPMS U--Pb 研究结果表明: 林深3 井火山岩形成时代约为120 Ma,处于早白垩世中晚期,属于营城组火山岩。锆石的LA-- MC--ICPMS Hf 同位素研究显示,本区火山岩的锆石εHf ( t) 全部为较高的正值,二阶段Hf 模式年龄为789 ～ 1 494 Ma,表明其主要起源于中--新元古代增生的地壳物质,暗示中--新元古代时期兴蒙造山带东段存在地壳增生事件。     

Early Cretaceous Palynological Assemblages of the Shuangliao Fault Depression, Songliao Basin and their Geological Implications

The pollen and spores found in the Early Cretaceous strata of two cores from the Shuangliao Fault Depression were studied systematically, and two palynological assemblages have been recognized. Assemblage Ⅰ from the Yingcheng Formation is named Paleoconiferus-Pinuspollenites; the assemblage is characterized by an extremely high content of Paleoconifer pollen. Assemblage Ⅱ from Member 1 of the Denglouku Formation is named Cicatricosisporites-Cyathidites-Pinuspollenites; the assemblage is characterized by the abundant presence of Laevigati spores, but less Paleoconifer pollen. According to the palynological data and zircon U-Pb dating, the geological age of the Yingcheng Formation is thought to be Aptian-Albian, and that of the Denglouku Formation is thought to be Early Albian. On the basis of the composition of each assemblage, we can infer that during the depositional period of the Yingcheng Formation, the paleovegetation was mainly conifer forest, the paleoclimate was consistent with the temperate climate of today, and the paleoenvironment was humid feature. During the depositional period of Member 1 of the Denglouku Formation, the paleovegetation was mainly conifer forest and shrubs, the paleoclimate was consistent with the subtropical climate of today, and the paleoenvironment was humid. The results significantly improve our understanding of the stratigraphy in the Shuangliao Fault Depression, provide biostratigraphic evidence for the division and correlation of Early Cretaceous strata in the Shuangliao Fault Depression, and provide new data for analyzing paleovegetation and paleoclimate in the Songliao Basin.     

松辽盆地南部中生代火山岩: 锆石U-Pb年代学及其对基底性质的制约

为了确定松辽盆地南部中生代火山岩的形成时代, 本文对位于盆地南部7个钻遇中生代火山岩的岩芯样品进行了锆石LA~ICP-MSU-Pb定年.松辽盆地南部中生代含火山岩地层主要包括火石岭组和营城组, 其中火石岭组火山岩由玄武安山岩-粗安岩-粗面英安岩组成, 营城组火山岩由玄武质粗面安山岩-粗面安山岩-流纹岩组成.锆石阴极发光(CL)图像和Th/U比值显示, 所测锆石均具有岩浆成因的特点, 锆石的LA-ICP-MSU-Pb定年结果表明, 松辽盆地南部中生代火山岩形成时代介于110b133Ma, 其中火石岭组火山岩形成于129-133Ma, 即早白垩世早期, 营城组火山岩形成于110~119/Via, 即早白垩世晚期.捕获锆石的定年结果显示, 本区基底中存在中晚侏罗世(155~169Ma)、印支期(218~236Ma)、海西期(254/Via、294Ma)、加里东期(413Ma)和前寒武纪(1823/Via和2542Ma)岩浆事件, 这与基底岩石中锆石U—Pb的定年结果相吻合.      

松辽盆地砂岩层铀成矿地质条件初步探讨

本文通过对松辽盆地地质条件下铀源条件、矿化异常与后期改造的数据分析与研究,得出以下结论:第一、松辽盆地边缘地区可作为今后地浸砂岩型铀矿找矿和研究工作重点,其中双辽地区和缘庆安地区为重点找矿区。第二、松辽盆地白垩系中泉头组和登娄库组为重点矿化异常层位,白垩系各组段地层中盆地边缘的河流相地层为找寻铀矿的重点对象。     

松辽盆地南部幔源CO_2充注成因次生油气藏深、浅层分布差异

在大量总结前人研究成果的基础上得出:松南地区深部层位以富气为特征,烃类气成藏阶段为登二段沉积期及早白垩纪晚期;浅部层位以富油为特征,油气成藏阶段主要集中于明水组沉积末期至古近纪早期;盆地中CO2气主要富集于营城组及泉头组(三、四段),储量丰富且以幔源成因为主,其形成与晚中新世后期火山活动有关;深层与浅层油气成藏时间均早于幔源CO2充注。与深部层位相比,松辽盆地南部浅层具备更完善的幔源CO2充注成因次生油气藏形成条件,可视其为常规油气资源再勘探的有利目标区。     

松辽盆地白垩系营城组火山岩喷发旋回划分

鉴于松辽盆地白垩纪营城组火山活动多中心、多旋回、火山物质运动方向多变、成分复杂等特征,依据火山旋回的三个基本要素,即共生序列、内在规律的外部结构表现、同源性,着重考虑对储层研究的指导作用,采用"组内划段-段内划旋回-旋回内划期次"的方案,定义火山旋回为火山活动强度由平静到强烈再到平静而构成的喷发周期内形成的一套火山岩组...     

Micropaleontology and palaeoclimate during the early Cretaceous in the Lishu depression,Songliao basin,Northeast China

Diverse and abundant microfossils, such as palynomorphs, algae and Ostracoda, were collected from lower Cretaceous strata of Lishu depression, located in southeastern Songliao basin, and were identified and classified in order to provide relevant, detailed records for paleoclimate research. The early Cretaceous vegetation and climate of southeastern Songliao basin have been inferred from the analysis of palynomorph genera, algae and Ostracoda of the LS1 and SW110 wells. The lower Cretaceous strata include, in ascending stratigraphic order, the Shahezi, Yingcheng and Denglouku formations. Palynological assemblages for each formation, based on biostratigraphic and statistical analyses, provide an assessment of their longitudinal variations. During deposition of the Shahezi Formation, the climate was mid-subtropical. Vegetation consisted of coniferous forest and herbage. During deposition of the Yingcheng Formation, the climate was south Asian tropical. Vegetation consisted mainly of coniferous forest and herbal shrub. In addition, fresh and saline non-marine water dominated the lacustrine setting during deposition of these formations. Deposition of the Denglouku Formation, however, occurred under a hot and dry tropical climate. The vegetation was mostly coniferous forest and lake waters became saline. Palaeoclimate variation is correlated by the lake level change and the development of sedimentary facies. Palaeoclimate contribute to the formation of hydrocarbon source rocks and reservoir.     

东北地区中生代岩石圈减薄时间上限的厘定:来自松辽盆地营城组火山岩年代学约束

松辽盆地是我国东北地区一个大型的晚中生代含油气沉积盆地。在盆地发育早期阶段受强烈伸展作用影响形成了大规模的断陷和大量的火山活动。本文以松辽盆地北部徐家围子断陷区火山岩的年代学研究为切入点,通过对徐家围子断陷升深更2井和徐深9-2井营城组(K_1y)火山岩的岩芯样品进行SHRIMP U-Pb定年,获得了营城组火山岩年龄为114～112 Ma,并认为该年龄结果代表了松辽盆地区域晚中生代岩浆作用的上限时间。通过对松辽盆地及邻区的火山年代学的对比发现:中国东北地区晚中生代曾发生过多期的岩浆事件,时间分别为:166～150 Ma;140～130 Ma;130～120 Ma;114～109 Ma。松辽盆地内早白垩世营城组火山岩年龄与我国东北地区中生代最后一期岩浆作用时间一致,指示了东北地区中生代最后一期岩浆事件年龄。松辽盆地营城组火山岩年龄的厘定将为本区中生代岩石圈减薄的上限时间提供进一步可靠的年代学约束。     

东北地区中生代岩石圈减薄时间上限的厘定： 来自松辽盆地营城组火山岩年代学约束

松辽盆地是我国东北地区一个大型的晚中生代含油气沉积盆地。在盆地发育早期阶段受强烈伸展作用影响形成了大规模的断陷和大量的火山活动。本文以松辽盆地北部徐家围子断陷区火山岩的年代学研究为切入点,通过对徐家围子断陷升深更2井和徐深9 2井营城组（K1y）火山岩的岩芯样品进行SHRIMP U Pb定年,获得了营城组火山岩年龄为114～112Ma,并认为该年龄结果代表了松辽盆地区域晚中生代岩浆作用的上限时间。通过对松辽盆地及邻区的火山年代学的对比发现：中国东北地区晚中生代曾发生过多期的岩浆事件,时间分别为： 166～150 Ma; 140～130 Ma; 130～120 Ma; 114～109 Ma。松辽盆地内早白垩世营城组火山岩年龄与我国东北地区中生代最后一期岩浆作用时间一致,指示了东北地区中生代最后一期岩浆事件年龄。松辽盆地营城组火山岩年龄的厘定将为本区中生代岩石圈减薄的上限时间提供进一步可靠的年代学约束。     

Gas charging history of the Yingcheng Formation igneous reservoir in the Xujiaweizi Rift, Songliao Basin, China

Systematic analysis of fluid inclusions was carried out on 34 samples from the Yingcheng Formation igneous reservoir of the Xujiaweizi rift, Songliao Basin, China. On the basis of petrographic characterization, the results of the microthermometric analyses indicated that the Yingcheng Formation igneous reservoir trapped six clusters of pure aqueous inclusions, and only four of them have the coeval gas-bearing aqueous inclusions been detected in the analyses. So the Yingcheng Formation igneous reservoir experienced four gas charging events during its evolutionary history. Combined with the research results of burial history and cap rocks, the four gas charging events happened during the time interval from 120 to 85 Ma, and every charging time is no more than 10 Ma. The main gas charging is the third, which happened during the time interval from 105 to 95 Ma.     

松辽盆地徐家围子地区下白垩统登娄库组储层物性研究

储层问题是制约深层天然气勘探获得突破的主要问题之一。深部优质储层孔隙成因和保存机理、次生孔隙发育带研究很薄弱,储集性质控制因素研究程度不够,难于进行有利储层分布的预测。研究以储层地质学和储层地球化学理论为指导,结合储层宏观研究和盆地沉积史及热史研究成果,对徐家围子断陷深层下白垩统登娄库组的砂岩储层中碎屑岩储层岩性、物性、孔隙类型及储集性的变化规律进行了介绍。     

松辽盆地南部白垩纪-古近纪挤压构造的发现与盆地性质探讨

松辽盆地位于欧亚板块东部,毗邻太平洋板块,是叠置于华北板块和西伯利亚板块之间的晚古生代碰撞造山带之上规模最大的中-新生代陆相含油气盆地,具有断、坳双重结构。自白垩纪以来,松辽盆地南部主要经历两期挤压作用:NW-SE向挤压作用发生在下白垩统营城组碎屑岩段-上白垩统泉头组沉积时期,挤压作用持续了18Myr;近E-W向挤压作用发生在四方台组-古近系沉积时期,挤压作用至少持续了39.1Myr。两期挤压作用都表现出东强西弱的特点,第二期挤压作用的变形强度远大于第一期,并且在明水组沉积晚期变形强度最大,这期挤压作用奠定了松辽盆地现今的构造格局。下白垩统营城组上部碎屑岩段-上白垩统泉头组和四方台组-古近系的沉积作用分别记录了第一期、第二期挤压作用形成的反转构造和断层相关褶皱的变形过程。上述构造在不同时期隆升速率与沉积速率之间的关系,控制了盆地的沉积范围、沉积地层的厚度和接触关系在空间上的变化。松辽盆地在上述两个构造演化阶段都处于活动大陆边缘的陆内区域,盆地性质都应属于陆内挤压坳陷盆地。     

松辽盆地庆深气田储层火山岩锆石地质年代学研究

庆深气田储层火山岩由多期火山喷发叠置形成,分布于白垩系下统营城组,以酸性喷发岩为主。火山岩离子探针(SHRIMP)U-Pb锆石年龄测定结果表明,储层火山岩年龄集中在111~115Ma,介于早白垩世晚期阿普第阶(Aptian)和阿尔布阶(Albian)分界线附近。兴城与升平两个天然气产区储层火山岩测年结果对比表明,它们是同一时代火山作用产物,并非以前所认为的兴城地区火山岩属营城组一段,升平地区火山岩属营城组三段。该成果对于松辽盆地火山岩气藏的勘探开发具有重要的实际意义。     

松辽盆地东南隆起区下白垩统层序地层格架及油气成藏规律

松辽盆地东南隆起区具有典型的下断上坳沉积特征,区内T_g--T₂反射界面之间自下而上可以划分为5个层序,层序Ⅰ大体相当于火石岭组,层序Ⅱ大体相当于沙河子组,层序Ⅲ大体相当于营城组,层序Ⅳ大体相当于登娄库组,层序Ⅴ大体相当于泉头组。烃源岩主要为层序Ⅱ“水进体系域和高水位体系域”的半深湖相泥岩,主要目的(储集)层为层序Ⅴ低水位体系域的辫状河道砂体。生、储、盖、圈、运和保在时空上的有机组合,使松辽盆地东南隆起区的农安--德惠地区的油气聚集南北成带,东西分隔有别,西部形成了断背、背斜型有利油气成藏带,中部形成了断块、断鼻型较有利油气成藏带。