利用地震矩张量反演鲜水河断裂带现今运动学特征

本文探讨了利用地震矩反演断裂形变带运动学参数的基本理论和方法，将其初步应用于鲜水河断裂形变带变形分析和运动机制的研究。结果表明，鲜水河断裂带呈现出走向拉伸、倾向压缩的形变格局，由地震矩反演的断裂带剪切形变速率（１０．９ｍｍ／ａ）与用地质学估算方法（１７ｍｍ／ａ）和现今地壳形变测量（８ｍｍ／ａ）的结果相当。同时，反演出的应变主方向能解释鲜水河断裂现今活动分段性特征以及多种滑动方式共存的现状，从而证明该方法是目前研究区域运动学问题切实有效的手段之一。     

广西灵山断裂北段晚更新世以来地质地貌特征

灵山断裂北段位于广西钦州市灵山县，其活动性较强，但关于断裂沿线晚更新世以来的地质地貌特征目前还没有系统的研究报道。为了查明灵山断裂北段晚更新世以来的地质地貌特征，采用地质地貌详细调查、槽 探、微 地 貌 测 量、ＯＳＬ 测 年 等 方法，获得约１７ｋａ以及全新世以来的位移速率。结果表明:灵山断裂北段自晚更新世以来运动性质为右旋走滑兼正断，断裂沿线地质地貌主要表现为断错冲沟水系、冲洪积扇体变形、断错河流阶地、陡坎等；灵山断裂北段晚更新世以来活动明显，约１７ｋａ以来水平位移速率为１．２７～１．５４ｍｍ／ａ，垂直位移速率为０．５３～０．６５ｍｍ／ａ；全新世仍 有 活 动，约２３６０ａ以来水平位移速率为１．２１～１．６３ｍｍ／ａ，垂直位移速率为０．５３ｍｍ／ａ。      

江苏省近期形变特征分析

利用江苏省内GPS连续站基线时间序列分析江苏省整体形变状态,由GPS流动站观测资料计算应变率场,并根据跨断层流动水准资料得到郯庐断裂带江苏段和茅山断裂垂直形变速率,根据以上结果研究江苏省主要断裂2011~2015年的形变特征。结果表明,江苏省受控于挤压应力场作用,大部分区域应变方向为东西向;郯庐断裂带江苏段处于南北向拉张挤压梯度带,垂直形变速率处于正常活动水平;茅山断裂的水平和垂直观测结果均反映出该区域为拉张性质。     

滇西北下关跨断层场地形变异常调查与机理分析

对滇西北下关跨断层场地形变异常进行实地调研和考察，分析原始观测曲线，计算断层水平扭错、水平张压和垂直升降相对变化的累积量，讨论形变异常机理。结果表明： 1）下关场地观测点位稳定，观测环境较好，无人为破坏或干扰现象，场地观测数据连续可靠；2）下关场地跨断层观测反映的断层背景活动方式为右旋活动，近期有所增强；3）下关场地断层形变中的压性异常波动与周边中强震、远场大地震有一定的对应关系；4）跨断层基线得到的水平张压累积量显示，地表断层存在持续的拉张活动，水准得到的垂直升降累积量显示，断层存在持续压性(逆断)活动,二者可以在统一的机理下得到解释,这对解释跨断层场地观测中存在的大量矛盾现象具有重要的参考价值。     

跨断层形变不同观测方法的对比分析

基于安丘地震台跨断层短水准、短基线和MD断层蠕变观测同期资料的变化特点、干扰特征,采用相关分析方法讨论了三者之间的关系.结果表明:1)安丘定点短水准观测受温度和地下水位的影响,与温度负相关,与地下水位正相关;安丘基线与温度显著相关,相关系数达0.95;MD断层蠕变观测水平正交、斜交和垂直观测均受温度影响,MD断层水平正交、斜交长期资料与温度相关性很好,相关系数分别为0.98和0.99,但短时间MD观测与温度相关性比较复杂,观测到的地表形变超前于温度变化;垂直观测分量在不同的季节,观测值与温度相关程度不同.2)短基线和MD断层水平正交一致性较好,在场地合适的情况下可进行对比观测;短水准和MD垂直观测分量没有明显的一致性变化特征,MD仪安装在半地下室的情况下,两者不适合进行同步观测.     

陕西高陵M4.4地震前后断裂活动垂直形变特征综合分析

高陵地震前,震中周缘100 km范围内跨断层垂直形变无明显异常变化。地震没有引起活动断裂的同震形变,但导致断层失稳,在余震的持续作用下断层蠕滑加剧,最终引起零口跨断层测点处断裂发生3 mm左右的永久垂直形变,推测地震的发生与渭南塬前断裂活动有关。     

黄陵地块内部北西向雾渡河断裂的再研究

阐述了黄陵地块内部北西向雾渡河断裂的几何学分段、运动方式和剩余形变特征，指出晚更新世以来雾渡河断裂可能较为稳定。在暂不考虑全断层同时滑破的前提下，分段计算各段潜在地震强度为５．０≤Ｍ≤６．０。     

基于构造物理模拟实验的隐伏断层跨断层场地监测效果分析——以宁河场地为例

以宁河跨断层场地为例,运用砂箱实验方法进行构造物理模拟实验,结合现有的浅层地震剖面结果和跨断层监测数据,分析跨断层场地监测对隐伏断层断裂活动监测是否有效。初步研究结果表明,当观测精度高于误差时,跨断层场地监测能有效监测隐伏断层活动。模拟的断裂剖面与浅层地震剖面结果中断层分布和发育情况基本一致,隐伏断层活动可引起地表形变。由于各次级断裂的倾向不同,跨断层监测数据可能产生逆断层假象。同时提出宁河跨断层场地水准点位分布情况模式图。     

云南地区断层活动特征及与地震关系研究

利用云南地区1982~2013年跨断层基线和水准观测资料,计算走滑量和张压量及其累积变化量,并结合7级及以上地震进行分析。结果发现,云南地区断层活动在时间上存在明显的分段特征,在空间上活动程度也不一样;断层与地震的关系主要表现为震前断层活动增强,同震使断层活动改变,震后断层活动也会存在减弱或增强。     

跨断层流动形变监测环境及监测技术探讨

对首都圈地区跨断层流动形变监测环境的考察发现,某些监测场地中(近20%)存在一定的非地震因素影响。 为减少非地震因素的影响,跨断层流动形变水准和基线应该同桩观测;测量仪器应该由具有更高测量精度和稳定性的DiNi电子水准仪代替Ni002光学水准仪,用Di2002甚至TC2003和TCA系列仪器代替传统的24 m基线尺。     

Preliminary study on plasma membrane fluidity of Psychrophilic Yeast Rhodotorula sp.NJ298 in low temperature

The ability of cell to modulate the fluidity of plasma membrane was crucial to the survival of microorganism at low temperature. Plasma membrane proteins, fatty acids and carotenoids profiles of Antarctic psychrophilc yeast Rhodotorula sp. NJ298 were investigated at -3 ℃, 0 ℃ and 8 ℃. The results showed that plasma membrane protein content was greater at -3 ℃ than that at 8 ℃, and a unique membrane polypeptide composition with an apparent molecular mass of 94.7 kDa was newly synthesized with SDS-PAGE analysis; GC analysis showed that the main changes of fatty acids were the percentage of unsaturated fatty acids (C18∶ 1 and C18∶ 2) and shorter chain saturated fatty acid (C10∶ 0) increased along with the decrease of the culture temperature from 8 ℃ to -3 ℃; HPLC analysis indicated that astaxanthin was the major functional carotenoids of the plasma membrane, percentage of which increased from 54.6±1.5% at 8 ℃ to 81.9±2.1% at -3 ℃. However the fluidity of plasma membrane which was determined by measuring fluorescence anisotropy was similar at -3 ℃, 0 ℃ and 8 ℃. Hence these changes in plasma membrane's characteristics were involved in the cellular cold-adaptation by which NJ298 could maintain normal plasma membrane fluidity at near-freezing temperature.     

Information for authors

正1 Aims and Scope Advances in Polar Science(APS)is an international,peer-reviewed journal jointly sponsored by the Polar Research Institute of China and the Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration.APS is a comprehensive academic journal dedicated to presentation of multi-disciplinary achievements in Arctic and Antarctic expeditions and research.Its primary purpose     

JOURNAL OF OCEAN UNIVERSITY OF CHINA

<正>Copyright Submfnion of a roanusatpt inks:that the work described has not been published before(exoept In the form of an abstrW or as part of a published lecture,review,or thesis);that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere that its publication has been approved by ail     

Information for Authors

<正>The Journal of Ocean University of China(Oceanic and Coastal Sea Research)is a comprehensive academic quarterly sponsored by the Ocean University of China,published one volume per year.This journal is devoted to the publication of the theoretical and applied research results on oceanography and marine fisheries.The fieldcovered include the physical,chemical,biological,geo-     

Hydraulics and Hydrology in Mountain Areas

<正>The 35th IAHR World Congress was held in Chengdu,China from September 8 to September 132013.The title of the conference was:"The Wise Finds Pleasure in Water:Meandering through Water Science and Engineering".During the congress,1239 papers were presented in 139sessions for oral presentations and 7 sessions for poster presentations.After the Congress,a Committee was appointed to select some of the best papers presented at the Congress for publication,after a     

Sea ice thickness measurement in spring season in Bothnian Bay using an electromagnetic induction instrument

As an important component of the cryosphere,sea ice is very sensitive to the climate change.The study of the sea ice physics needs accurate sea ice thickness.This paper presents an electromagnetic-induction(EM) technique which can be used to measure the sea ice thickness distribution efficiently,and the successful application in Bothnian Bay.Based on the electromagnetic field theory and the electrical properties of sea ice and seawater,EM technique can detect the distance between the instrument and the ice/water interface accurately,than the sea ice thickness is obtained.Contrastive analysis of the apparent conductivity data obtained by EM and the value of drill-hole at same positions allows a construction of a transformable formula of the apparent conductivity to sea ice thickness.The verification of the sea ice thickness calculated by this formula indicates that EM technique is able to get reliable sea ice thickness with average relative error of only 12%.The statistic of all ice thickness profiles shows that the level ice distribution in Bothnian Bay was 0.4-0.6 m.     

Thermohaline structure inhomogeneity associated with polynia at the northern margin of Emery Ice-shelf

Based on the hydrographic data in austral summer during the 22nd Antarctic Expedition of China(2005/2006),some features can be found about the northern margin of Emery ice shelf as follows.The heat content in the surface layer(0-50 m) at the eastern end and the western end of the ice-shelf margin is much higher than that at the middle.The upper mixing-layer depth and the seasonal thermocline depth at the middle of the ice-shelf northern margin are much shallower than those at the both ends.However there is much less difference between the middle and the ends in the bottom layer.The remote sensing photos show that the inhomogeneity in the surface-layer water is closely related to the spatial distribution of the floes and polynia in the area.     

Phylogenetic analysis of cultivable bacteria isolated from Arctic sea-ice

Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA of 8 strains of cultivable bacteria isolated from Arctic sea-ice was studied.The results showed that strain BJ1 belonged to genus Planococcus,which was a genus of low mole percent G C gram-positive bacteria;strain BJ6 belonged to genus Burkholderia of β-proteobacteria and the rest 6 strain all belonged to γ-proteobacteria,of which strain BJ8 was a species of Pseudoalteromonas,strain BJ2-BJ5 and BJ7 were members of genus Psychrobacter.Phylogenetic analysis also indicated that bacteria of genus Psychrobacter of the isolates formed a relatively independent phylogenetic cluster in comparison with other bacteria belonged to genus Psychrobacter.     

Foreword

正Rapid changes of Arctic sea ice cover have been in the focus of the international climate research community in recent years.Quite a few of nations have completed a large number of related surveys and research projects in the Arctic Ocean.Up to now,China has performed six research cruises to the Arctic Ocean resulting in a significant volume of research output.Improved knowledge on the atmospheree-sea ice-ocean interactions in the Arctic is a