| 中亚干旱区马雷绿洲和于田绿洲LUCC演变对比研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 吴雪梅,塔西甫拉提·特依拜,姜红涛,陶兰花,买买提·沙吾提,张飞.中亚干旱区马雷绿洲和于田绿洲LUCC演变对比研究[J].干旱区地理,2013,36(4):731-741. |
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| 作者姓名： | 吴雪梅 塔西甫拉提·特依拜 姜红涛 陶兰花 买买提·沙吾提 张飞 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.新疆绿洲生态教育部重点实验室， 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830046； 2 新疆大学资源与环境科学学院， 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830046；3 新疆智慧城市与环境建模普通高校重点实验室， 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830046 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家国际科技合作项目（2010DFA92720-12）；国家自然科学基金重点基金联合项目U1138303 |
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| 摘 要： | 当前新疆与中亚国家的经济形势进入平稳发展的新时期，新疆在经济合作中的地位逐渐明晰，产业结构、资源条件等是开展合作的直接影响主因。利用遥感技术开展LUCC研究，可直观探讨自然和非自然因素对LUCC影响，为区域可持续发展提供决策依据。以土库曼斯坦马雷绿洲1976年、2001年、2010年和中国新疆于田绿洲1977年、2000年和2011年共6期TM和MSS影像为数据源，对中亚地区两个生态环境皆较脆弱的绿洲进行土地利用/覆被变化（LUCC）分析，对比研究干旱区绿洲LUCC，并分析其自然和非自然因素。在研究期间，马雷绿洲中轻度盐渍地变化最多，相对变化达到2.21，净变化速度为3.49%，面积下降最多的是沙漠类型，相对变化为-0.59，净变化速度为-2.60%；于田绿洲水体面积变化最多，相对变化为5.54，净变化速度达5.51%，沙漠面积也下降最多，相对变化为-0.97，净变化速度为-9.31%。结果表明：（1）马雷绿洲和于田绿洲具有相似的地类变化趋势：耕地、中轻度盐渍地、其它地类面积有所增加，而林地、重度盐渍地、沙漠面积减少；（2）LUCC是由自然因素和非自然因素共同作用引起的。
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| 关 键 词： | 干旱区 LUCC 动态变化 马雷绿洲 于田绿洲 |
| 收稿时间： | 2012-11-23 |
Comparative study of Central Asia of arid region between Mare Oasis,Turkmenistan and Yutian Oasis,China in land use/cover change dynamic evolution |
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| WU Xue-mei,TIYIP Tashpolat,JIANG Hong-tao,TAO Lan-hua,SAWUT Mamat,ZHANG Fei.Comparative study of Central Asia of arid region between Mare Oasis,Turkmenistan and Yutian Oasis,China in land use/cover change dynamic evolution[J].Arid Land Geography,2013,36(4):731-741. |
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| Authors: | WU Xue-mei TIYIP Tashpolat JIANG Hong-tao TAO Lan-hua SAWUT Mamat ZHANG Fei |
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| Affiliation: | 1 Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Urumqi 830046, Xinjiang, China；2 College of Resources and Environmental Science, XinjiangUniversity, Urumqi 830046, Xinjiang, China；3 General Institutes of Learning Key Laboratory of Smart City and Environmental Modeling, Urumqi 830046, Xinjiang, China |
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| Abstract: | In recent years the land use/cover change has received increasingly more attentions，and becoming one of the fundamental fields of global changes research. It is necessary to understand distribution of LUCC for planning，exploitation and management of land resource in those tender regions. RS and GIS are powerful techniques and methods in capturing oasis LUCC date and analyzing its spatial change. In this paper，a total of four phases of MSS and TM images of Mare Oasis of Turkmenistan in 1976 and 2010 and Yutian Oasis of China in 1977 and 2011 were adopted as data sources. LUCC and their driving forces were analyzed in oasis with remote sensing and GIS. Both the two study area is located in the central arid region，belonging to the temperate arid desert climate and fragile ecological environment. By comparing Mare Oasis and in Yutian Oasis about the land use /land cover changes，their dynamic evolutions of natural and unnatural factors were analyzed. The results showed that Mare and Yutian Oases have the same types of land trends: the arable land，in-mild saline，water，and some other land type area are increased; while woodland，severe salinization，desertification area are reduced. Lots of land use cover changes have been taken place and exchanges between the two study areas. In Mare Oasis during 1976-2010 years，the area of in-mild saline growing faster，the dynamic reaches is 6.32%，desert area decreased faster，the dynamic degree is -1.69%. In Yutian Oasis during 1977-2011 years，water area increase faster，the dynamic degree is 15.82%，and desert area is reduced faster，the dynamic degree is -2.76%. A combination of natural and unnatural factors lead to the changes，but unnatural factors is the main motivations of LUCC，and during in the unnatural factors，the human activities are the main driving forces. The Mare Oasis terrain is flatter，elevation above sea level is lower，the climate is relatively humid，and soil is more suitable for planting crops. Therefore reasonable population control，government policy-oriented and rational economic development needs are main important factors for sustainable development of arid oasis. As a whole，it is the intense human activities that destruct the wholeness and integrality of the natural oasis，and what is more，the fact is the disturbance of human activities is still aggravating. Through the comparative study of two changes LUCC of the oasis，the dominant factors of oasis land use changes could be clearly explored to provide the reference and idea in the sustainable development of oasis. |
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| Keywords: | arid region LUCC dynamic factors Mare Oasis Yutian Oasis |
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