新型城镇化与土地集约利用的时空演变及关系

提升城镇土地利用效率是推进新型城镇化的主要内容。在准确识别新型城镇化影响土地集约利用的机理基础上,运用两步全局主成分分析法和空间面板计量经济学模型,探讨了2006-2011年新型城镇化与土地集约利用的时空演化特征,并揭示两变量间的关系。研究表明：① 总体上两变量呈平稳上升态势且地区间差距趋于收敛。② 东、中、西内部和三大地带间的差距特征各异,且东部、西部省际差距和三大地带间的差距均分别是两变量总体差距的主要成因;空间演化趋势表明,两变量表现出显著的地理集聚现象和增量集聚特征,且空间格局具有较大的相似性和集聚演化趋势的同步性;新型城镇化空间格局呈现出“三纵两横”的地理特征,而土地集约利用空间分布则呈自东向内陆地区的梯度集聚之势。③ 城镇土地集约利用具有较为显著的正空间相关性且呈递增之势,无论全国层面还是分地区层面,新型城镇化对土地集约利用均有显著的正向影响。

The analysis of new-type urbanization and the intensive urban land use: Spatial-temporal evolution and their relationship

It is an important and significant task to improve the efficiency of urban land use for the development of new-type urbanization. This study takes the precise recognition of the influencing mechanism of new-type urbanization in intensive urban land use as a basis, and employs the dynamic principal components analysis to discuss the spatial-temporal evolution of new-type urbanization and intensive urban land use during the period from 2006 to 2011 with the aid of SPSS 19.0 software. Moreover, spatial panel econometrics model is used to reveal the relationship between these two variables on new-type urbanization and intensive urban land use by employing the panel data on 29 provinces of China during the period 2006-2011. Major conclusions can be drawn as follows: (1) In general, both the comprehensive level of new-type urbanization and intensive urban land use show stable upward trends and tend to be convergent; (2) The performances of relationship between new-type urbanization and intensive urban land use are various in eastern, central, western China, and among the three regions. Both the interprovincial gap between the eastern and western regions, and the intra-gap among the three regions are main causes for the overall gap. The spatial-temporal evolution trend reveals that these two variables show a significant geographical agglomeration and incremental clustering characteristic. What's more, the spatial pattern presents a more apparent similarity and synchronization of cluster evolution trend. Besides, the spatial pattern of new-type urbanization has "geographical features of three vertical and two horizontal lines", while spatial distribution of the intensive urban land use shows a gradient in agglomeration from the east to the inland areas; (3) The intensive urban land use has a more significant positive spatial correlation, which shows an upward trend. This implies that new-type urbanization plays a significant role in improving intensive land use both in the whole country and in the regions.