水产动物雷帕霉素受体信号通路的研究进展

雷帕霉素受体信号通路(mTOR信号通路)广泛存在于真核生物细胞中,能够接收来自营养素、生长因子或者环境胁迫等的信号,通过调控细胞的合成代谢和分解代谢,实现对细胞生长和生理活动的精确调控。在mTOR信号通路的研究中,水产养殖动物mTOR信号通路的研究仅见于少数几种鱼类、对虾和蟹类,且其研究深度远远落后于模式生物。本文综述了近年来mTOR信号通路的研究进展,包括TOR蛋白的发现与组成,以及参与mTOR信号通路的信号因子和信号通路调控生命过程的机制。同时,本文重点阐述了mTOR信号通路在水产动物细胞中的研究现状,说明了水产动物mTOR信号通路研究的必要性,以期为水产养殖动物mTOR信号通路的进一步研究提供参考。

Mechanistic target of rapamycin signaling in aquatic animals

mTOR signaling is widely present in eukaryotic cells. It can receive signals from nutrients, growth factors, or environmental stresses and precisely regulate the growth and physiological activity of cells via monitoring anabolism and catabolism. Studies on mTOR signaling in aquatic animals have been performed only in fish, shrimps, and crabs and are far behind the studies on model organisms. In this article, we overviewed the research progress of mTOR signaling in recent years, including the discovery and components of TOR, the factors involved in mTOR signaling, and the regulation mechanism of mTOR signaling in the progression of life. This article also focuses on the current researches and the necessity of studying the mTOR signaling pathway in aquatic animals. This could provide a reference for further researches on the mTOR signaling pathway in aquatic animals.