吴中区湿地资源现状调查和保护对策

调查了吴中区面积在8hm2以上的湖泊湿地、沼泽湿地、人工湿地以及宽度10m以上、长度5km以上的河流湿地,结果表明:吴中区共有湿地113个斑块,面积180459.69hm2,占吴中行政区划面积的82.95%。湿地水生植物95种,隶属37科60属;鱼类100多种,隶属12目23科;留居、旅经或在该地进行繁殖的鸟类至少170种,隶属16目;两栖动物9种,隶属3科7属;爬行动物24种。通过实施湿地保护立法、开展湿地生态补偿、建立湿地保护区、湿地定位站和退垦还湖、退渔还湿工程对吴中区湿地进行全面保护,以期发挥其更大的生态效益和经济效益。

A Survey of Wetland Resources in Wuzhong District of Suzhou and Strategies for Protection

In order to figure out the amount of the wetland resources in Wuzhong District,Suzhou,a survey was conducted with respect to various kinds of wetland resources,including lake wetlands,swamp wetlands,constructed wetlands and river wetlands with a length and width respectively over 10 km and 5 km.The results showed that there were 113 wetlands in Wuzhong District,with a total area of 180,459.69 hm 2,accounting for approximately 82.95% of the total land area of the whole district.The survey found 95 wetland aquatic plants belonging to 60 genera and 37 families,more than 100 species of fishes of 23 families and 12 orders,at least 170 bird species of 16 orders,9 species of amphibious animals of 7 genera and 3 families,and 24 species of reptiles.It is concluded that different measurements should be taken,including legislation of wetland protection,implementation of wetland ecological compensation,establishment of wetland protection areas and wetland observation stations,and reclaim of wetlands from crop farming and fish farming,in order to put the wetlands in Wuzhong District under full protection and to produce the maximum ecological and economic benefits.