2017年中国近海海表温度特征

通过对OISST资料1982—2017年中国近海海表面温度(SST)分析,发现2017年中国渤、黄、东海海表温度较常年偏高0～1.5℃,南海海表温度接近常年。2017年渤海海表温度是近36 a来最热的一年,达到14.4℃,黄海第二以及东海第三热的年份,整个中国近海海表温度的平均是历史第二高的年份。渤、黄、东海海表温度1—8月份达到或接近极端高温情况,之后海表温度降低并达到常年同期以下。对中国近海不同海区海表温度和陆地气温相关分析表明:不同海区受陆地气温影响区域不同,同时海表温度与陆地相关区域随着季节而变化。从2017年平流输运、净热通量、热含量和陆地大气温度影响等方面来看,造成渤、黄、东海海表温度偏高的主要原因是黑潮流速增强导致平流热输送增加,0～700 m热含量增加以及我国陆地区域气温的异常偏高,净热通量对其海表温度升高起抑制作用。

Sea surface temperature characteristics of the China seas in 2017

The sea surface temperature(SST)in the China seas is analyzed by using OISST reanalysis data from 1982 to 2017.The results show that,for the year of 2017,the SST is warmer by 0~1.5℃in Bohai Sea,Yellow Sea and East China Sea,whereas it is close to the normal value in the South China sea.It is the warmest year of 2017 in Bohai Sea over the past 36 years,which reaches 14.4℃,while it is the second and third warmest year in Yellow Sea and East China Sea,respectively.Furthermore,it is the second warmest year in 2017 for the China seas as a whole.The SST reaches or approaches extreme high value in Bohai Sea,Yellow Sea and East China Sea from January to August,and decreases below the normal year thereafter.The correlation analysis of SST and land temperature shows that SST is influenced by land temperature of different area,and the correlation areas varies along with the season transition.Based on the influence of advection,net heat flux,heat content and land surface temperature in 2017,we demonstrate that the SST warming in the Bohai Sea,Yellow Sea and East China Sea is primarily attributed to the intensified heat advection induced by Kuroshio,the increase of heat content from 0 m to 700 m and the anomaly high of land surface temperature.The net heat flux constrains the warming of SST.