摘 要: | 1 IntroductionDeepsurveyscarriedoutbyfutureinfraredmissions (suchasSIRTForSOFIA)willsampleinfraredbrightgalaxiesoverawiderangeofredshiftsandluminosities.Quantitativespectroscopyofmid infraredemissionlineswillbeanimportantdiagnostictoolfordeterminingthedetailedpropertiesofdistant,dustygalaxies ,thesourceoftheextragalacticbackground ,andtheoriginofnuclearactivityingalaxies.Manyofthefundamentalquestionsofgalaxyformationandevolutiondependsubstantiallyonthefractionofthetotalenergyoutputofdista…
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