城市传统文化旅游地景观格局与景观审美耦合研究——以南京夫子庙秦淮风光带为例

以景观美和生态美的关系研究为基点，选取南京夫子庙秦淮风光带作为城市传统文化旅游地的典型个案，采用景观格局指数和平衡不完全区组比较评判法，实证分析景观格局与景观审美的耦合特征及规律。结果表明：1）案例地整体景观破碎度较高，但不同景观组分受到人为干扰的程度不同，景观斑块的多样性和异质性较为适中，但斑块面积、空间分布及空间集聚度存在结构性差异；2）本地居民对夫子庙秦淮风光带的景观审美感知较好，但更偏好“十里秦淮”优美的自然风光及蕴含丰厚城市记忆要素的历史建筑和文化景观；3）总体上，景观格局与景观审美存在耦合互补与和谐共生的关系。夫子庙秦淮风光带历史文化积淀深厚，但在城市化快速发展的时代背景下，文化特色不断缺失，“去地方化”进程不断加快，作为城市传统文化旅游地的典型代表，其担负的城市记忆和文化传承功能，应该引起学界和社会各界的广泛关注。

Coupling between Landscape Pattern and Landscape Aesthetic of Traditional and Cultural Tourism Destination: A Case Study of the Confucius Temple-Qinhuai River Scenic Area of Nanjing

The relationship between landscape beauty and ecological beauty is an important scientific problem reflecting the essence of the relationship between human and place. By far most of the study has been based on a single view. Selecting Confucius Temple-Qinhuai River Scenic Area in Nanjing as the typical case of urban traditional and cultural tourism destination, this paper made an empirical analysis of the characteristics and law of the coupling between the landscape pattern and landscape aesthetic by using the landscape pattern index as the criterion of ecological beauty as well as the Balanced Incomplete Block-Law of Comparative Judgement as the criterion of landscape beauty. The results displayed: 1) The overall landscape fragmentation of the studied area was rather high, but different parts of landscape were influenced differently by artificial factors. The diversity and heterogeneity of landscape patches were moderate, but there were structural differences of the area of patch, spatial distribution and spatial agglomeration degree. 2) The tourists and local residents had good perception of landscape aesthetic of the scenic area, however, they had preference forthe historical architecture and cultural landscape with abundant elements of city memory. 3) As a whole, the relationship between the landscape pattern and landscape aesthetic was coupled and complementary. Confucius Temple-Qinhuai River Scenic Area had profound history and culture, however, under the background of the rapid development of urbanization, cultural characteristics were missing constantly and the process of delocalization was speeded up. Hence, it would be a long way to go to protect city memory and inherit local culture for the scenic area, which is an important traditional and cultural tourism destination of the city.