我国自然灾害评估中亟待解决的问题

减轻自然灾害是一项系统工程，它包括对自然灾害的监测、预报、评估、防灾、抗灾、救灾、恢复、教育、保险与综合管理。通过对我国自然灾害评估现状的分析，介绍了目前我国国家级、省级和城市级自然灾害评估中亟待解决的若干问题，认为由国家、地方、主管部门组织开展全国自然灾害区划、加强自然灾害综合预报、建立自然灾害与灾情预评估、灾害应急评估与灾情评定、灾害应急救助与救援管理系统、积极开展灾害保险与灾区恢复、灾害教育与宣传、实现科学化、现代化灾害管理、实现灾害信息共享、开展减灾效益评估及建立综合减灾系统等是我国目前自然灾害评估中亟待解决的问题。

SOME URGENT PROBLEMS IN NATURAL DISASTER EVALUATION IN CHINA

Mitigating natural disaster is a systematic work, which includes monitoring,prediction, evaluation. prevention. mitigation, rescue, recovery, education, insuranceand comprehensive management of natural disaster. Concerning the natural disaster evaluation in our country. this paper proposes some urgent problems in natural disaster evaluation of national level provincial level and city level in China and the following work shouldbe considered as the urgent problems and should be undertaken by national and regionalauthorities: making national disaster division, improving the comprehensive natural disaster prediction, establishing natural disaster and loss preevaluation system, disaster realtime evaluation and loss determination system. and rescue and relief system, improvingthe disaster insurance and disaster area reconstruction and disaster mitigation educationand propaganda, realizing scientific and modernized disaster management and sharing thedisaster information, making cost/benefit analysis and establishing comprehensive disastermitigation systems.