乡村旅游资源开发的阶段性演化与产权困境分析——以贵州天龙屯堡为例

以贵州典型乡村旅游地——天龙屯堡为例,采用文献分析、深度访谈和实地考察等定性研究方法,借助对天龙屯堡乡村旅游资源开发阶段性演化的深度剖析,探讨乡村旅游开发中因旅游资源产权困境导致乡村旅游开发难以维系的原因。研究发现:乡村旅游资源的构成特征及人力资本的特殊性引致的产权困境,使得对乡村旅游开发的利益主体约束和激励效果较差,利益主体间权、责、利不明,矛盾不断凸显,交易成本较高,乡村旅游的可持续发展难以为继。

Stage Evolution and Property Right Dilemma of the Rural Tourism Resource Development:A Case Study of Tianlongtunbao, Guizhou Province

Attention has been paid to the development and designing of property right in tourist areas.In this paper,Tianlongtunbao,an ancient military outpost,is taken as a case to study the stage evolution of the development of rural tourism resources and to discuss the reasons for the dilemma of property right of the resources resulting in unsustainable development of the tourist destination.The methods of literature analysis,interview in depth,and on-the-spot investigation are used.It is found that the composition features of rural tourism resources and the particularity of human capital in rural areas cause the dilemma of the property right,which makes the effect poor to restrain and stimulate the beneficial owners of rural tourism development.The chaos of the right,the benefit and the responsibility among the beneficial owners leads to their interruptedly-protruding contradictions and high transaction cost,leaving it difficult to maintain the rural tourism development.