滑坡监测的指标体系与技术方法

滑坡监测目的:了解和掌握滑坡体的演变过程,及时捕捉崩滑灾害的特征信息,为崩塌滑坡的正确分析、评价、预测、预报及治理工程等提供可靠资料和科学依据。滑坡监测指标包括地质宏观形迹监测、地面位移监测、深部位移监测、诱发因素监测、水压力监测和滑坡地球物理、地球化学场监测等。滑坡监测技术方法通常有地面宏观形迹的简易观测、地面仪器监测、空间遥测和遥感监测、综合的实时监测预报系统等。论文还介绍了宝塔滑坡监测系统实例。 

INDICATOR SYSTEM AND TECHNIQUES OF LANDSLIDE MONITORING

The purpose of landslide monitoring is to provide reliable data and a scientific basis for gaining knowledge of and mastering the evolutionary process of landslides,catching the characteristic information of collapses and landslides in time and making a correct analysis,evaluation,prediction and control of landslides.The indicators of landslide monitoring include the macro geological feature indicator,ground displacement indicator,indicator of displacement in borehole,indicators of ground water(pore pressure,ground water table,ground water chemistry),inducing factor indicators(weather,human activity),geophysical indicator and geochemical indicator.The techniques of landslide monitoring include the extensometer of ground fissures,inclinometer in borehole,global position system,and remote sensing and integrated real-time monitoring and warming system.A case study of the Baota landslide monitoring system in the Three Gorges reservoir area of the Yangtze River is introduced in this paper.