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The origin of salinity and sulphate contamination of groundwater in the Colima State, Mexico, constrained by stable isotopes
Authors:Axel Horst   Jürgen Mahlknecht   Miguel Angel López-Zavala  Bernhard Mayer
Affiliation:(1) Centro del Agua para Am?rica Latina y el Caribe, Tecnol?gico de Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada No. 2501, C.P. 64849 Monterrey, Nuevo Le?n, M?xico;(2) Department of Geoscience, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada;(3) Present address: Department of Applied Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius v?g 8, 106 14 Stockholm, Sweden;
Abstract:Chemical compositions and stable isotope ratios of water and sulphate were used to characterise sources and processes responsible for elevated concentrations of sulphate and other constituents in groundwater from aquifers at Colima State along Mexico’s Pacific Coast. The δ18O and δ2H values of the groundwater were similar to those of precipitation indicating a meteoric origin, and recharge processes are relatively uniform in large parts of the study area with only slight local evaporation effects. δ34Ssulphate and δ18Osulphate analyses indicated that high sulphate concentrations of up to 1,480 mg/l are mainly due to dissolution of evaporites and volcanic exhalations. Chloride is largely related to sources other than seawater. The Marabasco sub basin is affected by anthropogenic contamination through manganese and iron ore mining activities. The obtained knowledge regarding sources and areas of contamination will be essential for the development and design of a water quality monitoring program in the study area.
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