海河流域大型水库饮用水水源地水环境安全评价及应用

对水库型水源地水环境安全评价的理论和方法进行研究,构建了基于驱动力-压力-状态-影响-风险模型(DPSIR)的水库型水源地水环境安全评价指标体系,综合评价指标体系包括了降水、污染物入库量、水质状态指标、水质达标率以及水华爆发影响因子5个方案,11项指标。将该指标体系应用于岳城水库水环境安全评价,其结论主要有:(1)该模型的驱动力是降水带入面源污染,压力是流域输入水库的污染负荷,状态指标是TN、TP以及COD_Mn等水质参数,影响指标是水库水质达标率,风险指标则是氮磷比、水温等;(2)岳城水库4、5、6和9月处于较安全状态,但由于受地表径流污染负荷影响,在7、8月处于预警状态。将评价结果与实际水环境安全状况进行比较,吻合程度好,因此该模型可应用于海河流域大型水库饮用水水源地水环境安全评价。

Water Environment Security Assessment of Drinking Water Source Reservoirs in Haihe River Basin and Its Application

In this paper, we studied the assessment method of water environment security for water source reservoir, constructed the indicator system of water environment safety evaluation for drinking water source reservoir based on the driving force-pressurestatus-impact-risk model (DPSIR), and the indicator system of integrated assessment contained 5 program levels and 11 indicators. Then, we applied the model to assess the water environment security of the Yuecheng Reservoir. The results show that, (1) the driving force is the precipitation, the pressure is the pollution load of entering quantity, the status is the water quality parameters, such as TN, TP, and CODMn, the impact is the water qualification rate, and the risk is the N/P and water temperature which decided by eutrophic risk; (2) The Yuecheng Reservoir in April, May, June, and September is in security (the range of integrated index is 0.32-0.38); but due to the impact of pollution load caused by direct surface runoff, the integrated index is increased in July and August, the security level enter into early warming status. The assessment result is in accordance with the actual water environment security status, so the model can be applied in large drinking water source reservoirs on the Haihe River Basin.