基于区域航空运输可达性的机场空间布局

构建表现机场腹地与其航空运输网络间相互关系的结构方程模型，明确“二三产业总产值/总人口数/社会消费品零售总额”与“通航机场数/航班密度/通航里程”2个变量组之间的数量关系。基于腹地陆路交通网络和机场航空运输网络，列出机场陆域可达性和航线可达性的数学表达式，并基于乘客的主观感受组合2类可达性指标得到区域航空运输可达性指标，将该指标作为比选机场空间布局方案的标准。以烟台/威海地区为例对不同机场布局方案的场景进行分析，结果表明：在目前的需求形态下烟台/威海地区应设置1个机场，以使旅客享有较好的航空运输服务，使整个区域的航空运输可达性最优。

Optimization of Airport Location/Distribution Based on Regional Flight Accessibilities

We establish a structure equation model to simulate the relationship between the size of the catchment area and scale of airport airline network. With the model, the relationship between the variable group of “the outputs of the secondary and tertiary industries, total population, and the social consuming amount” and that of “the number of reachable airports, flight frequency, and the length of the airline network” is cleared. Based on the land-side and air-side transport networks, we give the equations to calculate the land-side and air-side accessibilities of an airport. Moreover, based on passengers’ subjective feelings, we combine the two accessibilities as an index of regional air transportation accessibility, and use it as the criteria to evaluate the airport location/distribution schemes. Finally, taking Yantai/Weihai region as an example, we analyze different airport location/distribution scenarios. The results show that it is good to build one airport in the region, in one airport case passengers can enjoy good flight services and the highest regional air transportation accessibility can be offered.