水质模型研究进展与流域管理模型WARMF评述

分析了以地表水、地下水与非点源为代表的水质模型研究发展历程,揭示了水质模型由经验-机理、单要素(或无机、大量、无毒要素)-多要素(或有机、微量、有毒要素)、单介质-多介质、稳态-动态、点源-非点源-两者统一研究、饱水带-包气带-二者统一研究、小规模分散(河流、湖泊、地下水等)-大规模集成(整个流域)、理论研究-实际应用研究的发展特点。认为当前水质模型正处于由水质研究向以水质为中心的流域管理研究转变的关键时期,给出了一个流域管理新模型WARMF的介绍与特点分析。

Progress in study of water quality model and review of river basin management model-WARMF

This paper analyzes the development of water quality models,especially surface water,groundwater and non-point sources models,and points out the development features of the water quality model.That is,from the experimental study to the mechanism study,from a single factor (or inorganic,large amount,non-toxic) to multi factors (or organic,trace amount,toxic),from a single media to multi-media,from a point source to the non-point source and to joint study of point and non-point sources,from steady to dynamic,from saturated zone study to aerated zone study and to the joint study of them,from small scale and scattered study (river,lake,groundwater,etc.) to large scale integrated study (whole basin),from theoretical study to practical application.The key period of transferring from water quality study to river basin management study is pointed in the paper.A river basin management model,water analysis risk management framework (WARMF),is introduced and its the characteristics are analyzed.