太行山区国土空间格局演变特征及其驱动力

国土空间是人类活动的基础空间载体,开展山区国土空间格局演变特征和分异特征研究,有利于优化区域发展格局。以太行山区为研究对象,选取1980、1990、1995、2000、2005、2008、2010、2015年8期土地利用数据,将其分为城镇空间、农业空间和生态空间,揭示其时空演变特征,并采用地理探测器方法分析太行山区国土空间演变的驱动力。结果表明:(1)太行山区城镇空间散布在各地级市中心,农业空间主要分布在山麓和盆地,生态空间分布在高海拔山区。35年间城镇空间扩张显著,农业空间和生态空间大幅度减少,县域国土空间面积的变化同主体功能区定位相吻合。(2)太行山区国土空间分异显著。1980—2015年国土空间变化以海拔1000 m和坡度15°为阈值,阈值以下城镇空间随地形上升逐渐减少,农业空间逐渐增加,阈值以上生态空间增幅最显著。与此同时,国土空间类型区面积变化在地貌区上存在较高的分异性,特别是在台地、平原以及中、高起伏山地变幅最大。(3)太行山区国土空间格局的演变是自然条件、交通区位、社会经济、国家政策共同作用的结果,其中,自然条件是基础性决定条件,交通区位是重要驱动力,社会经济是主要驱动力,国家政策是外在驱动力。研究结果可为优化山区国土空间格局,与提升国土空间功能提供参照。

Evolution Characteristics and Its Driving Force of Territory Space Pattern in the Taihang Mountain,China

As the widely extended geo-platform,territory space is pivotal for sustainability development of human-nature.Performing research on the evolution and differentiation characteristics of mountainous territory space is contributes to the optimization of the regional development pattern.In this paper,the Taihang Mountain region was taken as the research object,it was divided into urban space,agricultural space and ecological space,and the characteristics of spatial-temporal evolution was revealed,based on the land use data of 1980,1990,1995,2000,2005,2008,2010,and 2015.Besides,the driving force of territory space pattern was analyzed by using Geodetector.The results showed that:(1)The urban space in the Taihang Mountain region was scattered in various city centers,the agricultural space was mainly distributed in the foothills and basins,and the ecological space was distributed in the high-altitude mountain area.Particularly,the urban space had significantly expanded during the past 35 years,the agricultural space and ecological space had been greatly reduced;the change of counties areas coincided with the main functional areas.(2)The spatial differentiation of territory space in the Taihang Mountain region was remarkable.From 1980 to 2015,the altitude of 1000 m and the slope of 15°were taken as the threshold of the spatial change in the territory space;below the threshold,the urban space gradually decreased and the agricultural space gradually increased as the terrain rose;above the threshold,the increase in ecological space was the most significant.Simultaneously,the area changes of territory space types had a highly differentiation in geomorphic types,especially in the platform,plain,medium relief mountains and high relief mountains.Moreover,there was a large difference in the changes of geomorphic types between urban space and ecological space.(3)The evolution of territory space pattern in the Taihang Mountain region was caused by the combined effects of natural conditions;transportation locations,socio-economics,and national policies.Among them,natural conditions were the basic decision conditions,transportation locations were an essential driving force,socio-economics was the main driving force,and national policies were an external driving force.The results can contribute to optimizing the spatial pattern of mountainous territory space and improving its spatial function.