山坝分区视角下的贵州省国土空间功能协调演化特征

开展国土空间功能协调分析是国土空间优化的重要路径之一。根据山坝分区,基于“三生功能”视角,从各功能的影响因素出发,构建了贵州省国土空间功能评价指标体系,综合运用熵权法、耦合协调度模型量化1995、2000、2010、2015年贵州省国土空间功能耦合协调度,进而探讨其在山坝分区下的时空演化特征。结果表明:(1)贵州省国土空间功能协调度总体呈“黔中丘原区(坝区)高—环黔山区带(山区)低,西高—东低”的空间分布格局,时间维度上坝区功能协调发展水平较山区快,且耦合协调度向高度协调发展;(2)国土空间功能两两耦合协调之中“生产—生活”山坝分异显著,且坝区协调类型两级分化严重;山区与坝区的生产、生态功能矛盾突出,表现出山区、坝区生产、生态空间博弈过程中2015年生态功能处于弱势地位;“生活—生态”功能协调较其它两组耦合协调水平低,但处于稳定发展的状态,且山坝差距逐渐缩小。未来应基于贵州省国土空间功能的时空分异特征及发展规律,设计差异化的山坝优化路径,引导国土空间功能均衡、有序发展。

Evolutional Characteristics of Spatial Functional Coordination in Guizhou Province from A Perspective of Mountain and Basin Zoning

It is one of the important ways to carry out the function coordination analysis of land and space.According to the mountain-basin partition and based on“production-living-ecological”function perspective,we started from the influence factors of each functions to constructed an indicator system for the evaluation of land space function in Guizhou Province,through the comprehensive application of entropy method and coupling coordination degree model to quantify the spatial functional coordination degree of Guizhou in 1995、2000、2010 and 2015.The results are as follows:(1)The spatial coordination degree of national land space in Guizhou Province presents different spatial distribution patterns of“high in the qiuyuan basin area of Guizhou central—low in the qiuyuan mountain area around of Guizhou,high in the West and low in the East”.In terms of time,the overall functional coordination development level of the basin area is faster than the mountain area,the peak value is developing toward the highly coordinated level.(2)In the coupling coordination of land and space functions,the“production-living”of mountain and basin that is significant differences,and the high coordination and imbalance types of the basin area presents serious differentiation.The contradiction of production and ecological function between mountain nd basin area is prominent,which shows that the ecological function of Mountain area and basin area is in a weak position in 2015.The coordination level of“living-ecological”is lower than that of other two groups,however,it is in a stable state of development and the gap between mountain and basin is gradually shrinked.Henceforth,the experts and scholars should base on the spatio-temporal differentiation characteristics and development rules of territorial space functions in Guizhou Province and the optimized path of mountain and basin differentiation are designed to guide the balanced and orderly development.