海浪方向谱的现场观测与分析

方向谱是海浪的基本性质之一。本文在国内首次采用测波仪阵列法在渤海采油平台上成功地观测到海浪方向谱，给出了当地随波浪成长而变化的方向谱表达式。观测前采用数模和模型试验方法，对阵列的布置型式、测波仪间距和平台等对观测结果的影响，以及现有各种方向谱分析方法的精度等进行了对比分析，为提高观测精度，保证方向谱分析的质量提供了依据。

OBSERVATIONS AND ESTIMATIONS OF DIRECTIONAL SPECTRA OF SFA WAVES

The directional spectrum is one of the basic characteristics of sea waves. The first observations of the directional spectrum of sea waves in China were successfully conducted at platform Bohai 8# during 1991 and 1992 using a wave gage array. Based on the field data, the directional spectrum which depends on the wave growing is given in this paper. Before observation,the effect of the lavout of gage array, the distance between gages in array and the platform itself on the observation results and the precisions of some main methods for estimating the directional spectrum had been examined and compared with numerical simulations and model tests. These results provide the observation and estimation of directional spectrum with guarantee and good quality.