水泥-水玻璃双液浆在工作面顶板突水溃砂治理中的应用

煤矿顶板突水溃砂威胁矿井安全。基于煤层顶板突水溃砂区"人工假顶"再造的思路，提出了水泥-水玻璃混合液速凝封堵突水溃砂通道的技术。以鄂尔多斯盆地西缘某侏罗系煤矿上组煤开采发生的一次顶板突水溃砂事件为研究对象，提出了通过双浆并列管进行水泥和水玻璃孔口注浆、孔底混合的地面治理方案；利用三维地质模型构建技术，呈现了类"马鞍型"溃砂区空间形状特征，以及溃砂区中部向四周边缘变薄、且局部"孤峰"凸起的浆液-溃砂混合体空间形状特征；充水含水层水头动态特征、地下水流场变化特征以及瞬变电磁电阻率特征指标，综合指示突水溃砂通道实现了完全封堵。形成的堵水及评价技术在类似工程应用中具有一定的借鉴意义。 

Application of cement-sodium silicate mixed grout in control of water and sand bursting from roof of the working face

Water and sand bursting in roof occur repeatedly in the East, North and Northwest China, and threatens the mine safety. Based on the idea of "artificial false roof" rebuilding in the area of water and sand bursting, we put forward use of the cement-sodium silicate mixed solution with rapid solidification to plug the channel. An event of water and sand bursting in the upper coal seam of a Jurassic coal mine located at the western margin of the Ordos basin was selected, and we formulated a ground control scheme for the cement-sodium silicate grouting through the two slurry parallel tubes separately, and mixing in the bottom of the hole. Based on the data of drilling and grouting, the spatial shape of the zone with sand bursting and the grout were presented as a saddle, and a semi-ellipsoid with local bulge, respectively. After the completion of project, the comprehensive index formed by the dynamic characteristics of water head in water-filled aquifer, variation characteristics of the groundwater flow field and characteristics of transient electromagnetic resistivity, indicates that the bursting channel was completely blocked. The conclusion provides the new plugging and evaluation techniques for the similar project.