景观功能网络的等级与结构探讨

景观生态系统由多个层次水平的等级体系所组成，在不同的时空尺度下，其结构与功能间具有不同的相互依存关系，透过网络的概念有助于整合景观的等级性与复杂性。为探讨景观功能在空间中的相互作用，本文将其区分为以经济发展为目标，城市中心为主体，交通干线为主要联系廊道的城市功能网络；及以生态保护为目标，保护区或未开发区为主体，河流或绿带为主要联系廊道的生态功能网络，同时进一步阐明不同尺度中景观功能网络的结构、功能及其间的相互关系，期望为未来景观结构调整与功能协调提供理论与实践依据。

Discussion of Landscape Functions Network Structure and Level

On maintaining ecological balance and promoting economical development, it is necessary to strengthen the spatial relation among the landscape patterns of similar function. The growing awareness of the adverse effects of habitat fragmentation on natural systems has resulted in a rapidly increasing number of actions to reduce current fragmentation of natural systems as well as a growing demand for tools to predict and evaluate the effect of changes in the landscape on connectivity in the natural world.Landscape ecological system is composed of ordered horizontal levels. The relationships of landscape structure and functions are distinct in different temporal and spatial scales, and it is useful to integrate hierarchy and components of landscape by network concept. Landscape is a spatial structure that is formed by contact corridors and patches, and the flow and interaction of energy, material, and species of landscape must depend on landscape network structure. In order to contact different horizontal levels and structure of landscape, the paper constructed landscape functional network, and divided landscape functional network into ecological functional network and urban functional network based on human survival and development needs, then illuminated framework, functions, and relationship of landscape functional network. We hoped to lay foundation of the theory and application for functional and structural adjusting and for landscape functional system construction.