The role of thermal springs in trace element contamination in NW Iran

In this study, the size of the metal pools and the fluxes between the pools of eight trace metals （Cu, Ni, Zn, Pb, Cd, A1, Mn, Fe） were measured in a small, oligotrophic, dilute lake located in south-central Ontario, Canada. The lake （Plastic Lake） and its catchment have been affected by acid deposition and have been studied since 1979. Limited data were collected for a number of other elements including, V, Cr, Co, As, Rb, Sr, T1, Bi, U and Se and isotope budgets for a few metals （e.g. Pb） were determined. Measurements were available for the sediments, the lake itself, and the wetland and upland portions of the catchment, and thus individual budgets for all compartments could be constructed. These budgets provided information regarding the relative importance of atmospheric inputs versus mobilization from lithogenic sources. In addition, the effects of acid deposition and dissolved organic matter （DOM） on contaminant storage and transfer were investigated. Results indicate that elements such as Pb and V have largely an atmospheric source whereas Cu, Zn, A1 and Fe are primarily derived from the catchment.

The role of thermal springs in trace element contamination in NW Iran