船舶转向避让时机与行动的确定及估算误差的影响

从船舶运动数学模型出发,用曲线图的方式给出了确定船舶转向避让时机与行动的方法,以及估算误差对它们的影响。避让时机用最简单的到目标船的距离表示,避让行动是指转向角度的大小。对避碰规则中的"早、大、宽"给出了明确的定量,根据该定量可避免无谓的精神紧张和航程浪费,使驾驶员在采取避让行动前就能够预计避让结果。

Decision-Making on Alter Course Opportunity and Action of Ship's Collision Avoidance and Error Effects on These Results

Based on ship’s movement formula,a method of ship’s alter course collision avoidance opportunity and action taking is given by using a diagram.The estimate error effect on these results is also given at the same time.The optimum opportunity is simply expressed by the distance to the target vessel.The action taking refers to the alter course values.Therefore,this research provides navigators with clear concepts of "positive,in ample time and with due regard to the observance of good seamanship" in the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea when taking action so as to lessen navigators’ mental stress and avoid extra voyage.The collision avoidance results can be predicted before action taking.