河南省基本公共服务质量空间格局与空间效应研究

构建基本公共服务质量评价指标体系,对河南省基本公共服务水平和空间格局特征进行了分析,最后采用空间杜宾模型研究了基本公共服务的空间溢出效应与影响因素。研究发现：① 2005~2014年河南省各市基本公共服务水平呈不同程度的上升趋势,但整体水平不高;空间格局上呈自西北向东南衰减的半环带圈层结构。② 基本公共服务在市际尺度上具有显著的全局与局部自相关特征,随时间呈现集聚-分散-集聚的演变模式;高高集聚与低低集聚的空间俱乐部趋同特征明显。③ 空间杜宾模型检验表明基本公共服务空间上存在溢出效应;城镇化水平、地方政府财政支出能力、地方经济发展活力对基本公共服务具有正向促进作用。

The Spatial Pattern and Effect of Basic Public Service Quality in Henan Province

Basic public service is the foundation of maintaining social fairness and justice. It is of significance to build a comprehensively well-off society by establishing and perfecting the basic public service system and promoting the equal basic public service. By establishing the evaluation system of basic public service, this article evaluated the level of basic public service in Henan Province, then analyzed the spatial pattern of basic public service quality by using the spatial autocorrelation method, and finally studied the spatial spillover effects and the influence factors of basic public service by using Spatial Durbin Model. The results show that, 1) The level of basic public service quality in cities of Henan Province shows the different rising trend during 2005-2013, but the overall level remains to be improved. The relative difference among cities shows the trend of shrinking. The low level area shows obvious “catch-up effect” to high level area. 2) The spatial pattern of basic public service shows the structure of half band characteristics and the level of basic public service decreases from northwest to southeast. From the global trend, the basic public service level in west area is higher than the east area, the north area is superior to the south area and the latitudinal direction difference is less than the east-west differences. Compared with sub-region in Henan Province, the level of the Central Plains Urban Agglomeration is the highest, the level of the western and southwest region and the northern region is the higher, and the level of Huanghuai region is the lowest. 3) The global Moran’s index during 2005-2013 is positive. The spatial pattern of basic public service shows the positive spatial correlation. The various types of basic public service show the spatial evolution mode of agglomeration-dispersion-agglomeration. The local auto-correlation results show that the spatial club convergence characteristics of High-High and Low-Low agglomeration is obvious. The distribution and amount of various agglomeration types remain stable. 4) The spatial Durbin Model test shows that there exists spatial spillover effects of basic public service among cities in Henan Province. The level of regional basic public service is not only influenced by the region itself factors, also affected by the basic public service level of adjacent areas. The regression results show that the urbanization level, local financial expenditure and regional economic vitality have a positive influence on the basic public service.