长株潭城市群污染空间识别与污染分布研究

利用Arc-GIS空间分析软件对各类型污染进行空间识别和分布模拟,探究长株潭城市群污染空间分布特征。结果显示：① 该区大气环境污染以扬尘和煤烟型为主,主要污染物为可吸入颗粒物和二氧化硫,重点污染区域在长沙、株洲、湘潭三市主城区,呈点状分布;② 该区水域整体水质基本达标,水体环境污染以氨氮和各类重金属为主,且有明显的季节变化规律;③ 土壤污染覆盖范围较广,以株洲市的石峰区为代表,以镉污染最为严重,主要原因为重化工业排污累积。总之,株洲污染最严重,湘潭和长沙次之。污染空间的形成与长株潭城市群的地形地势及三类污染元素之间的转化有较大关联。

Pollution Space Recognition and Pollution Distribution of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Urban Agglomeration

By ArcGIS spatial analysis software, this study aimed to carry out the space recognition and distribution simulation for each pollution type (i.e., air pollution, water pollution, soil pollution) and comprehensive pollution within Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Urban Agglomeration, and discussed their characteristics. It can be concluded that: 1) The atmospheric environment pollution is given priority to fugitive dust and coal smoke with the main pollutants as PM₁₀ and SO₂, and the key pollution areas are the central downtowns of Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan City, exhibiting dots distribution; 2) The whole water quality basically reaches the standard, and water environment pollution mainly resulted from ammonia, nitrogen and various heavy metals with the significant seasonal variation; 3) Soil pollution is rather serious with a wide coverage. Taking Shifeng District of Zhuzhou City as a representative, Cadmium pollution is the most serious one, which is caused by the accumulation of heavy chemical industry pollution; 4) Overall, Zhuzhou is the most polluted, which is followed by Xiangtan and Changsha. The formation of pollution space is greatly related with the terrain and topography of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Urban Agglomeration, and influenced by the transformation among these three kinds of pollution elements.