江西省交通区位演变与区域发展效应

选择江西省作为典型研究区域,采用历史分析与空间分析方法,基于长时间序列研究不同交通运输阶段交通区位的动态演变过程,并对其所引致的区域发展特征进行分析.结论是:在传统交通运输阶段向近代化及现代化交通运输阶段转变过程中,江西省宏观交通区位分别表现为国家南北交通控扼中枢,铁路建设的滞后区与周边发达地区间的交通过境区,可达性演变特征则由南北方向可达性的优势区逐步演化为滞后区.不同时期相对应的区域发展特征表现为,从传统运输阶段的区域商贸全面繁荣,走向近代工业化进程滞后及当前经济发展边缘化.在总结典型案例基础上,尝试从成因层,演变层,作用层,效应层和反馈层五个层面探讨交通区位与区域发展的内在作用关系.

Traffic location evolution and regional development effect of Jiangxi province

It has been much recognized that regional traffic location has a driving effect on regional development, while the long timing analysis has been the academic focus. In this paper, Jiangxi province was taken as a typical area. Based on long timing data, the study deeply analyses the dynamic evolution of traffic location in different transport stages by historical analysis and spatial analysis. Then, the comparative study on the characteristics of regional development under the action of different traffic locations has been conducted from 3 aspects: trade scale, industrialization, and spatial association. Finally, the research tried to identify the relationships between traffic location and regional development. Conclusions are summarized as follows: (1) The traffic location of Jiangxi can be divided into three phases: traditional phase, modernized phase and modern phase. Jiangxi in traditional phase could be considered as the spatial link between the national political and economic core area and the national maritime trade portal, and it could be seen as the hub of North-South transportation. When it came to modernized phase, Jiangxi lost the advantages of traditional traffic location and lagged behind in railway construction. What's worse, Jiangxi became the traffic transitional area of surrounding developed regions in modern phase. (2) The corresponding regional development characteristics of the three stages indicate three aspects: the comprehensive prosperity in traditional phase, the decline of modernized industrialization in modern times, and the current regional economic development which tends to be marginalized. (3) In terms of accessibility features, Jiangxi has gradually evolved from developed area to backward area in north-south direction. (4) The relationship between traffic location and regional development is a dynamic process which involves multi-factors induction, multi-factors driving, multi-features response and multi-modes performance. The relationship includes five aspects: cause, evolution, function, effect and feedback. At present, Jiangxi is a region of economic downturn in southeast China, and its economic level is lower than that of all the surrounding provinces. This special phenomenon in regional development triggers the attention of academia. The research results on the evolution of traffic location and regional development in Jiangxi by long timing analysis can account for the phenomenon to some extent.