基于BP模型和Ward法的北京市平谷区乡村地域功能评价与分区

构建乡村地域功能评价指标体系,借助BP神经网络模型揭示平谷区“生产-生活-生态”功能分异特征;运用Ward法划分功能区,服务于平谷区乡村转型发展和功能区布局。结果表明：① 在多项功能综合作用下,平谷区基本形成了“平原地区生产功能较强、镇中心及周边村域生活功能明显、山地区以生态功能为主”的功能分布格局。② 基于评价结果和空间属性,平谷区划分为西部平原生产区、东部山地生态生产区、中部平原城市生活区、中部近郊平原生活区、东部丘陵生态生活区和北部山地生态区。其中,西部平原生产区、中部平原城市生活区、北部山地生态区是平谷三生空间功能发展的优势区域,分布相对集中。按照“强功能重优化、中等功能重提升、弱功能重改善”的原则提升乡村地域功能,促进地区均衡发展。

Evaluation and Zoning of Rural Regional Multifunction Based on BP Model and Ward Method: A Case in the Pinggu District of Beijing City

This research considering the 297 villages of Pinggu as the basic unit, comprehensively evaluates the rural regional functions such as agricultural production function, industrial production function, living function and ecological regulation function by BP model, and then sorts these villages into 6 different function zoning areas based on the BP evaluation results and regional spatial properties by Ward method. The results show that: 1) The villages whose agricultural production function develop better also develop well in ecological regulation function. Influenced by location, the villages with higher index of industrial production function mainly distribute in the central area of the town and its surrounding region, so do those with higher index of living function. Under effects of various functions, the rural regional multifunction develops such a pattern that agricultural production function is stronger in plain area, life function domains in the center or surrounding villages, and ecological function develop fast in the mountain region. And it indicates BP model is suitable to assess rural regional functions. 2) All the villages of Pinggu district can be divided into six regions, which are eastern plain production area, eastern hilly ecological production area, the central urban plain living area, suburban central plain living area, and eastern ecological and living area, north mountain ecological area by Ward method. And the western plain production area, the central urban plain living area, northern mountainous ecological regions develop better in Pinggu and distribute relatively concentrated. In the future, we advise Pinggu should promote its rural multifunction according to such a guide-strong function optimization, and the weak function improvement, medium function ascension work to make all villages develop in order.